[全]英语国家社会与文化入门-考研真题详解[下载全]

Ⅰ. Multiple choice.

1. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?[北二外2008研] A. The Anglo-Saxons. B. The Vikings. C. The Normans. D. The Romans. 【答案】A查看答案

【解析】盎格鲁-撒克逊人是日耳曼民族的分支，于五世纪中期由北欧入侵大不列颠，成为现今英格兰人的祖先。

2. Which of the following was the man who crushed various rebellions in Ireland and settled English and Scottish Protestants there by giving them land?[北京交大2005研；首都师范大学2008研] A. Oliver Cromwell

B. King Charles Ⅰ C. William Ⅰ D. William Ⅲ 【答案】A查看答案

【解析】克伦威尔，英国政治家、军事家、宗教领袖；他粉碎了爱尔兰的多次反叛，并将土地分给英格兰和苏格兰新教徒。

3. In which of the following years did Julius Caesar invade Britain?[首都师范大学2009研] A. 55 BC B. BC C. AD D. 43 AD

【答案】A查看答案

【解析】Julius Caesar凯撒，罗马共和国末期统治者、政治家、军事统帅；他于公元前55年入侵英国。

4. Which of the following peoples were the ancestors of the Welsh?[首都师范大学2009研]

A. The Celts. B. The Romans. C. The Danes. D. The Anglo-Saxons. 【答案】A查看答案

【解析】英国威尔士人的祖先为凯尔特人；盎格鲁-撒克逊人是英格兰人的祖先。 5. The Church of England founded by Henry Ⅷ was named in England as _____.[中山大学2009研] A. Catholic B. Anglican C. Puritan D. Episcopal 【答案】B查看答案

【解析】亨利八世，英国都铎王朝第二任国王；因教皇不同意其离婚的要求，亨利八世在英国推行宗教改革，脱离罗马天主教廷，引进新教，建立了英国国教（the Church of England），也被称为圣公会（Anglican Church）；宗教改革使英国王权得到高度集中。

6. Christianity was first introduced into Britain by _____.[北京交大2007研；对外经贸2003年] A. the Celt B. The Romans C. the Viking Danes D. the Norman-French 【答案】B查看答案

【解析】公元前55年，罗马人入侵英国，把教引进了英国。

7. Three of the following are the main activities of the City of London. Which is the exception?[北京交大2006研] A. Government administration. B. Buying and selling commodities.

C. Providing services and finance for commercial investment. D. Stock exchanges. 【答案】A查看答案

【解析】伦敦是世界最重要的金融中心之一；主要活动包括买卖商品，为商业投资提供服务和资金以及股票交易。选项A不包含在内，为正确答案。

8. Britain doesn’t share any land border with any other countries except _____.

A. the Republic of Ireland B. France C. Iceland D. Norway 【答案】A查看答案

【解析】英国位于大不列颠群岛，被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋包围，仅与同属大不列颠群岛的爱尔兰共和国接壤。

9. As King Alfred was not able to drive the Danes out of England, he made a treaty with them, allowing them to keep the northern and eastern parts of England, which later became known as _____. A. the Danelaw B. Wessex C. Sussex D. Normandy 【答案】A查看答案

【解析】阿尔弗雷德同丹麦人签订协议，允许丹麦人治理英格兰东北地区，这部分地区后来被称为“丹麦区”，选A。B、C项为昂格鲁撒克逊七国时期的两个国家。D项为法国诺曼底。