雅思写作（普通培训类）Task 1—书信写作 一、基本信息及备考重点 1． 考试时间—建议 20 分钟；篇幅要求—150-170 words；评分权重—40% 2． 书信或图表评分标准 ： Task 1 （书信或图表 ）按照以下三方面评分 ： Task Fulfillment （完成任务 ）； Coherence and Cohesion（连贯与衔接） ；Vocabulary and Sentence Structure（词汇与句子结构）。 Task Fulfillment 指的是考生是否能够在正确审题的基础上完成题目的指令。 Coherence and Cohesion 指的是文章通过一定的衔接手段（Cohesive Devices）来表明上下文的连贯性 Vocabulary and Sentence Structure 指的是文章的语言表达。 5 分或 5 分以下的作文一般语法错误较多。 6 分作文则一般没有致命的语法错误，用词和句子基本准确。 7 分以上的作文用词丰富（Variety）、句子结构复杂（Complexity）。 3． 书信写作类型 (08-08-30) You rent an accommodation for a week and you found that there were problems with it. Write a letter to the owner and tell him or her:
What the problems are Describe the problems
And say what actions you want the owner to take to solve the issue
(08-04-12) You recently bought an item of clothing in another town, but you found some problems with it after you returned home. Write a letter to the manager and say:
What happened What are the problems
And what you would like them to do
(08-11-20) You got a newspaper prize, but you did not get it yet. Write a letter to inquire about this. In your letter, you should ask:
When the prize will come
What your expectation of the prize is And how the editor should deal with it for you
(08-11-08) Write a letter to the local council to provide suggestions on how to improve tourist facilities in your town. In your letter, you should give:
Present situation of tourist facilities Your suggestions Benefits from tourism
4． 书信的格式与基本结构 You booked a holiday with a travel agency but the tour did not live up to your expectations. Write a letter to the agency. In your letter, you:
• Describe the problem
• Explain what you expected on your holiday • Explain what you want the travel agency to do
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Dear Sir or Madam,
I wish to complain about the service provided by one of your travel operators, Jenny Chang. I contracted with her for a holiday I booked in Sydney for a total cost of` ＄ 2,000, but later discovered the tour fell below an acceptable standard.
On February 13, 2006, I talked to Mrs. Jenny Chang and reminded her of some special requirements I had, including a double room in a four-star hotel, ten main places of interest and so forth. Your tour operator confirmed that these would be surely arranged. Unfortunately, these requirements were not met. The four-star hotel was in fact a three-star hotel, and the room service was below the average. The so-called double room was cramped and caused me considerable discomfort. The guide took us to six places of interest (instead of tem, as set out in contract) and some famous tourism sites were not on our itinerary. Since you undertook to book a holiday in accordance with my requirements and your tour operator assured me that all my requirements would be met, I must hold you responsible for my disappointment.
Please let me know how you propose to settle this matter.
Yours sincerely…
You want to sell some of your furniture. You think a friend of yours might like to buy it from you. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter:
• Explain why you are selling • Describe the furniture
• Suggest a date when your friend can come and see the furniture
Dear Jan,
As you know, we’ll be moving to a new house soon and there are a few things that I won’t be able to take with me. The new house is a bit smaller so I have to sell some furniture and I was wondering if you might be interested.
In particular, I want to sell my big dinning table. Do you remember it—the one in the living room? It has wooden legs and a grey glass top and it’s big enough for six people. There are six matching chairs to go with it.
I know you’ve always liked this furniture so I could let you have it at a good price. I’d rather sell it to you than to a strange.
Why don’t you come around and take another look at them on Saturday? We’ll be here all day, so maybe we could have some lunch together. Give me a ring and let me know, Love,
Shanda
格式： 称呼一律采用齐头写法 中间段落如采用缩进式，落款要写在右下角；如采用齐头式，落款也应该为齐头式 2
名 称呼写法：称呼后加逗号 如果收信人为一个企业、团体或者机构，不知道收信人的名字和性别，一般用 Dear Sir or Madam 或 To whom it may concern；也可以使用 Dear 加收件人头衔：Dear Professor / Manager / Editor 如果收信人是一个认识的人（知道姓名和性别），但其并不是你熟悉或者亲密的朋友，一般使用 Dear Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Ms.+ 收信人姓氏（surname）；举例：Dear Mr. Gates、Dear Ms. Clark 信件基本结构：称呼+正文(开篇+主体+结尾)+信末礼貌语和署 如果收信人为熟识的朋友，一般使用 Dear+ 收信人的名字：Dear+名字（first name）；举例：Dear John 正文写作：正文包含三部分内容，即开篇、主体段落及结尾 开篇—介绍主题并说明写作目的 我给您写信是希望您能够针对即将到来的考试给我一些建议 这封信是关于一件令我很不高兴的事情，并且希望您能够将这件事及我的意见刊登在贵报上。 主体段落—清晰地、有逻辑地交代主要信息并展开论述（参考题目的三点信息对情节进行合理的联想），要有 合理的分段，每段关注一个具体问题，段落之间要注意连贯与衔接。 按照信件功能的不同，信件所使用的语气和用词也不一样。一般来说，除了投诉信可以使用比较强烈的语气外， 其他信件最好采用比较礼貌和客气地语气。 此外，收信人和你的关系也需要考虑在内。如果和收信人比较熟悉，那么正式的语言就不是非常合适；对比而 言，如果和收信人不是很熟悉，那么用正式的语言则比较恰当。 结尾段—要使读信人非常清楚你所表达的态度。内容应该是积极并且明确的。 信末礼貌语和署名： 信末礼貌语通常使用 yours sincerely, yours faithfully, yours truly 如果写给很好的朋友，一般使用 yours, with best wishes, lots of love 等 签名可以随意写，不一定写自己的真实姓名，如 Mary, Jane, Bill, Tom 等 5． 书信写作备考重点： 熟悉书信的格式 分辨书信的类别 熟记书信的常用语 二、各类信件写作内容 1．投诉信 (Letter of Complaint) 开篇－说明写作意图—遭遇不愉快经历需要投诉 我写信来投诉… 我写信来表达我对…的不满 我写信请求你采取弥补…的措施 我想引起你们对这种情况的关注，因为… 3
主体－按照题目的要求具体说明情况以及问题的严重程度和给你带来的不便 结尾－提出公平可行的解决方案，并希望得到满意答复，同时感谢对方所做的努力 我期待着尽快收到调换品 我肯定您会理解这个问题正在给我造成的极大不便和损失，我急切地想要尽快解决这个问题 我相信 300 美金是比较合理的赔偿额度，我期待着收到您的支票。 如果此类事情再次发生的话，我会采取法律行动而不另行通知。 我非常感激您对我所投诉事项的关注。 举例 1： You have bought a camera in a Duty-Free store of an airport. On reaching home, you discovered some problems with it. Write a letter to the airport authority to: • Explain the situation • Talk about your feeling • Express what you want to do
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to complain about the camera that I bought last week in your airport Duty-Free store.
As I reaching home, I tried to take some photos with the new machine and it worked very well. However, after a few second it powered off. I thought it might be automatic switching off, but I cannot start it up again. I tried many many times but it did not work. The sign in that store says that goods with any problems can be replaced within 14days. Unfortunately, I cannot go back to your country in such short time. I feel very unhappy with the quality of the camera, and I have to say that my right has been aggressed.
Personally, I want to return this camera and request the store to replace it with a good one for me and pay for all posting fees. If I cannot get a satisfactory response soon, I have to claim a refund that I paid for the camera.
Yours sincerely
举例 2： You were hurt in a minor accident inside a supermarket, and you wish to complain to the supermarket. Write a letter to the manager of the supermarket. In your letter: • Say who you are
• Give details about the accident
• Suggest how the supermarket could prevent similar accidents
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing this letter to inform you of the accident I had at 3:45 pm yesterday.
I was pushing my shopping cart down the aisle by the frozen meats when I slipped on the wet floor and broke the
Mary
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scaphoid bone in my right wrist as I tried to stop my fall. Your staff were very helpful, and your assistant manager drove me to St. Martin’s Hospital, where my arm was put in a cast that will stay on for about six weeks.
I am a self-employed canteen owner, and will not be able to work for at least two months. My insurance will only cover my medical costs, not my lost earnings, which, as you can see from the attached photocopies, average 450 pounds a week. Given that the accident was due to the dangerous condition of the floor, I trust you will arrange for me to be compensated with an amount equal to my average weekly earnings for the time that I am unable to work.
May I suggest that you instruct your staff to pay better attention to safety, and have a sign that clearly warns customers of such dangers as a slippery floor.
Yours sincerely
John Smith
2．咨询信 (Inquiry Letter)与求助信(Request Letter) 开篇—简单自我介绍，表明信息来源并说明写信目的 我写信咨询是否可以加入你们的俱乐部 我对…十分感兴趣 我需要一些关于…方面的重要资料 我写信是否可以得到你的帮助 主体－按照不同的信件要求展开写作 咨询信：指名所需信息，并表明为什么需要这些信息，同时要指名什么时候需要信息，如要求对方迅速回复的时候 要礼貌。 求助信：阐述你所需要的帮助或提出你自己的要求，同时要说服读信人的答复或同意你的要求。要提出对帮助的答 谢并说明时间期限。 结尾--希望能得到对方帮助并早日收到回复 举例 1: Your school has no sports facilities. Write to a nearby club to apply for a membership. In your letter, you Provide personal information
Describe service or facilities you want Inquire about the fees
To whom in may concern,
I am a student currently studying in St. Luck’s Grammar School, and I am interested in the membership of your club in late May. The school I am studying in has limited facilities and I have heard that your club is an excellent
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training service provider. Location is another reason why I perceive your club as the best option. It only takes fifteen minutes to get to your club on foot. I appreciate receiving any pamphlets with information about facilities, such as weightlifting equipment, swimming pool, sauna, shower rooms and lockers. I was told that all these facilities are provided, but I am writing for confirmation. By the way, I would love to be informed about membership fees and any discount I am entitled for. I am 16 years old, male, and holding an international student visa. Should you have any questions or need to speak to me about my request, you can reach me at NancyXia@maclean.co.edu or at (09) 365-4562. I am looking forward to your earliest reply. Thank you for your attention. Yours sincerely, Nancy Xia
举例 2：: You are going to London to take a training course for two months. Write a letter asking the local accommodation agency to reserve a flat for you. In the letter, you
Provide relevant information about yourself Describe your requirement Clarify when you would arrive
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am looking for a single-bedroom apartment in London. Please let me know if you have any suitable vacancies. I would be happy to give you a deposit to hold it.
I am about to attend a training course in London during the months of July and August, and St. Atlas Polytechnic College, the college where I will be studying, is at Queens Street. If possible, I would like to have an apartment that is within two or three miles of the college. The apartment is preferably spacious, air conditioned with a private bathroom, a telephone line and Internet access. I will appreciate it if it is quiet, comfortably furnished, because I think it will help me focus on my studies. I am willing to pay up to ￡ 500 a month.
I would appreciate hearing from you within the next two weeks. My email address is xiaoyan@xtra.co.cn. Sincerely yours,
Johnson Lee
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