[大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 大学英语四级分类模拟题107 Reading Comprehension On a more mundane (世俗的) level, third-generation mobile telephones, despite all the delays and the billions squandered on 3G licenses by telecom firms, are still expected to offer consumer high-speed, always-on mobile internet access, complete with video, in the next few years. Rapidly proliferating \"wi-fi\" (无线局域网) networks already offer wireless access on a local basis. Tiny tracking chips called radio-frequency identification devices are being used as passports. Soon they will be small, powerful and cheap enough to be implanted into everything. Sensors of every kind, including video cameras, should also become much smaller and cheaper. Forrester Research, a technology consultancy, predicts that 14 billion such devices will be connected to the internet by 2005. How rapidly such new technology is introduced will 1 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 depend on a number of factors—the state of the economy, the supply of investment capital and the appetite of consumers for new products or services! Fortunes will be made and lost many times over. But whatever happens, the power of computing and communications looks set to continue to grow, and its price to fall, at a steady rate for the next few decades. That will make it possible, at least in rich countries, to record most human interactions, wherever and whenever they take place, and to store and analyze this ocean of data at low cost. For the sake of argument, this survey will assume that we are heading towards a networked society of ubiquitous (到处存在的), mobile communication capable of constant monitoring. Whether this arrives in 20, 30 or 40 years does not really matter. The point is that the destination seems not merely possible, but probable, so it is not too soon to ask: What do we want this technology to do? The internet has already thrown up a host of legal and political problems, but these are only a small foretaste of the dilemmas—about privacy, security, intellectual property and the nature of government itself—that will have to be faced over the coming decades. The debate has already begun. This survey will outline some of main issues, and speculate on the 2 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 way they are likely to go. 1. At present, a radio-frequency identification device enables people to ______. A.get small, powerful and cheap passports B.get wireless access to the \"wi-fi\" networks C.get smaller and cheaper sensors of every kind D.get wireless internet access complete with video 答案:B[解析] 第1段第3句中的谓语和表语成份表明“无线电频率识别装置”充当“通行证”，结合该段第2句就可以推断出，passport指的就是使用无线网络的通行证，即：有了这种“无线电频率识别装置”，就等于可以连接到无线局域网上，由此可见，B为本题答案。 2. According to Forrester Research, ______. A.3G mobile phones will be more widely used B.the tiny tracking chips will be more powerful C.the wireless networks will provide a wider coverage D.sensors of every kind will become smaller and cheaper 答案:C[解析] 第1段最后一句提到Forrester Research预测将有140亿个这样的设备连接到互联网上，such devices指的是上文提到的radio-frequency identification devices，即连接无线网络的通行证。由此可以推测无线网络的覆盖面会更广，C正确。 3. By saying \"its price to fall\" (Line 4, Para. 2), the author 3 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 means that ______. A.the cost of computing and communications will fall B.the cost of new technology will fall C.the cost of new products will fall D.the cost of recoding human interactions will fall 答案:B[解析] 第2段第3句开头的But一词表明该句与前两句形成转折关系，围绕的主题都是new technology，本句主要说明新技术发展的结果，而且，题干中的its指代的应该是单数名词，由此可见，最合理的选项为B。A最具干扰性，因为其中的computing and communications与its price距离最近，而且位于同一个句子里面，但是computing and communications是两个事物，its只能代指单数名词，由此可排除。 4. Which of the following best describes the problems derived from the internet? A.The internet has helped solve many legal and political problems. B.The internet will produce more than legal and political problems. C.Problems involved with the internet are too complicated to solve. D.Problems involved with the internet will be solved within decades. 4 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 答案:C[解析] 最后一段第1句中的dilemmas表明互联网引发的问题难以解决，即C表达的内容。 5. The passage is most probably ______ of a research paper. A.the introductory part B.the conclusion part C.the supporting data D.the new findings 答案:A[解析] 第3段第1句和最后一段最后一句都表明“本调查”将要做什么，由此可见，原文介绍了“调查”展开的背景，如果这是一篇调查报告的一部分，那它应该是开头的介绍部分。由此可见，A为本题答案。 Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud stated that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists (神经学家) had switched to thinking of them as just \"mental noise\". Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain stops thinking logically. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought 5 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. \"It's your dream,\" says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago's Medical Center. \"If you don't like it, change it.\" The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright's clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. (In studying divorced couples, Cartwright has found that those who don't follow this dream progression have a much harder time getting over the hurt.) Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day's events—until, 'it appears, we begin to dream. And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over repeated bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Imagine how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep. At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay 6 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or we wake up in a panic. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, sleep—or rather dream—on it and you'll feel better in the morning. 6. By saying that \"dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat,\" (Line 5, Para. 1) the researchers mean that ______. A.we can think logically in the dreams too B.dreams can be brought under conscious control C.dreams represent our unconscious desires and fears D.dreams can help us keep our mood comparatively stable 答案:D[解析] 词义理解题。在第1段第4句中，逗号后面的regulating moods是对emotional thermostat的功能进行解释说明，因此可以推断出选项D正确。 7. What did Cartwright find in her clinic? A.Most bad dreams were followed by happier ones. B.Divorced couples usually have more bad dreams. C.One's dreaming process is related to his emotion. D.People having negative feelings dream more often. 答案:C[解析] 事实细节题。最具干扰的是选项A，因为其陈述与第2段第2句的陈述有点相似，但是，此长句说的是大多数人上半夜做噩 7 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 梦，之后都会做好梦，而不是像选项A中所说大多数噩梦之后是好梦。而且，根据本段第1句，很明显，选项C是这一句的近义替换。 8. Cartwright believed with much practice, we can learn to A.control what dreams to dream B.sleep well without any dreams C.wake up in time to stop the bad dreams D.identify what is upsetting about the dreams 答案:C[解析] 推理判断题。本题考查对代词的理解。在第3段的最后一句中，代词it应指上文说到的控制噩梦，及时醒来等做法，因此只有选项C涉及了其中一个做法。选项A太泛了，选项B和D在文中并无提及。 9. The author points out that a person who has constant bad dreams should ______. A.learn to control his dreams B.consult a doctor C.sleep and dream on it D.get rid of anxiety first 答案:B[解析] 事实细节题。本题考查根据构词法猜测词义的能力。解题关键是推断最后一段第3句中therapist的意义．在考纲词汇表中，therapy是“治疗”的意思，因此，therapist应该是专门负责某种治疗的医生，由此可见，选项B是对原文seek help from a therapist的近义替换。 8 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 10. The author most probably thinks that controlling dreams is ______. A.a good practice B.a new discovery C.helpful for everyone D.not essential for everyone 答案:D[解析] 观点态度题。根据最后一句可以推断作者认为如无必要，梦还是不要控制的好。做梦会让你早上感觉舒服一些，因此本题应选D。 Imagine you went to a restaurant with a date; had a burger, paid with a credit card, and left. The next time you go there, the waiter or waitress, armed with your profile data, greets you with, \"Hey Joe, how are you? Mary is over there in the seat you sat in last time. Would you like to join her for dinner again?\" Then you find out that your burger has been cooked and your drink is on the table. Forget the fact that you are with another date and are on a diet that doesn't include burgers. Sound a little bizarre? To some, this is the restaurant equivalent of the Internet. The Net's ability to profile you through your visits to and interactions at websites provides marketers with an enormous amount of data on you—some of which you may not want them to have. 9 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 Are you aware that almost every time you access a website you get a \"cookie\"? Unfortunately, it's not the Mrs. Field's type. A cookie on the Internet is a computer code sent by the site to your computer—usually without your knowledge. During the entire period of time that you are at the site, the cookie is collecting information about your interaction, including where you visit, how long you stay there, how frequently you return to certain pages, and even your electronic address. Fill out a survey to collect free information or samples, and marketers know even more about you—like your name, address, and any other information you provide. While this may sound scary enough, cookies aren't even the latest in technology. A new system called I-librarian Alexa—named for the legendary third century B.C. library in Alexandria, Egypt—does even more. While cookies track what you are doing at one site, Alexa collects data on all your Web activity, such as which sites you visit next, how long you stay there, whether you click on ads, etc. All this information is available to marketers, who use it to market more effectively to you. Not only do you not get paid for providing the information, you probably don't even know that you are giving it. 10 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 11. In the restaurant story, the author may most probably think the waiter or waitress was ______. A.considerate B.polite C.irritating D.unsmart 答案:C[解析] 推理判断题。第1段中，乔另约了一名新女友去餐馆，餐馆服务员却招呼他坐在上次约会的女友身边，并且为他准备了与上次同样的食品，包括他节食忌用的汉堡，这样的服务肯定会使乔做出负面的评价，因此选项A和选项B都不对。此外，这个故事是为了指出滥用别人的个人资料会惹人讨厌，因此可推断乔对餐厅服务员的做法会感到生气。选项D虽然也是反面的评价，但是这个选项可能表明乔不介意自己的资料被盗用，只是觉得餐厅服务员使用的时候不够灵活，这与文章的主题不符。 12. The author makes up the restaurant story in order to ______. A.show the good service offered in some Web restaurants B.criticize some restaurants for too considerate service C.show the Internet's ability to collect data on you D.prove the incredible power of the Internet 答案:C[解析] 推理判断题。本题考查例子与主题之间的关系。答题的依据是第1段最后两句，文章指出餐馆跟因特网一样，它们都收集用 11 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 户的信息。选项A和B都只涉及表面，选项D则不如选项C确切、具体。 13. What can be learned about \"cookie\" from the second paragraph? A.It was first created by Mrs. Field. B.It collects information on you without your knowing it. C.It's some information sent to your computer about yourself. D.It's the latest in technology. 答案:B[解析] 事实细节题。选择依据是第2段第3句及第4句，选项B是对这两句话的归纳。选项A谈的是可食用的甜饼，而不是本文叙述的用于收集用户信息的一种软件。选项C是对第2段第3、4句的歪曲理解。文章明确提到了cookie不是最新的发明，选项D不正确。 14. What can be learned about \"Alexa\" from the second paragraph? A.Alexa is named after an ancient hero in Egypt. B.Alexa is installed in libraries. C.Alexa can collect all the necessary data on you. D.Alexa can provide more data for marketers than a cookie. 答案:D[解析] 事实细节题。本题考查复杂句的理解，并涉及两个事物的对比。第2段介绍Alexa时，指明它does even more，接着用while连接一个让步状语从句，其主句是关于Alexa的信息，据此可 12 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 以判断选项D正确。选项A和B与原文不符．容易排除。选项C指出Alexa能收集到所有必要的资料，这是对其作用的夸大，实际上，根据倒数第3句，它收集的只是所有网上活动的资料。 15. Which of the following words can best reflect the author's attitude to cookies and Alexa? A.Critical. B.Suspicious. C.Objective. D.Optimistic. 答案:A[解析] 观点态度题。判断依据是文中作者所使用的一些词句，如：usually without your knowledge, sound scary及最后一句。这些显示了作者对cookie和Alexa持反对、批评的态度。 A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage. Foods can go bad if they get too warm. But for many of the world's poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult. Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity. Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses. Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly. But in 1995 a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution. He developed the 13 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 \"Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.\" It uses 2 round containers made of clay. A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one. The space between the 2 pots is filled with wet sand. The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks. A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system. Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation process. Water in the sand between the 2 pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving. The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees. This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria. Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks. People throughout Nigeria began using the invention. And it became popular with farmers in other African countries. Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first 5,000 pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby. In 2000, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise. This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at 14 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 improving human knowledge and well-being. A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history. Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects. The award is given every 2 years. The most recent one was given last year. 16. According to the first paragraph, without a refrigerator, the poor people have to suffer in their ______. A.health conditions B.economic development C.industrial technology D.social status 答案:A[解析] 从第2段第1句的not only... but also...句型可知该句是承上启下句，表明食物变质后对买不起冰箱的人造成两种影响，其中第1段提到是该句的承上，即对健康的影响，第2段提到是该句的启下，即对经济的影响。虽然本题问的是without a refrigerator而不是“食物变质”对穷人有什么影响，但是从第1段可知“食物变质”正是因为“没有冰箱”引起，可知本题实际上就是问第1段提到的“食物变质”对穷人的影响，本题应选A。 17. The Cooling System invented by Mohammed Bah Abba is different from a refrigerator in that it is more ______. 15 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 A.economical B.health-conscious C.convenient D.environment-friendly 答案:A[解析] 第3段第1句开头的But一词表明Mohammed Bah Abba发明the Cooling System的目的应在上面两段中寻找，第1段和第2段提到了一个矛盾现象，即冰箱很贵且耗电与农民必须拥有冰箱以避免损失的矛盾，接着第3段便提到Mohammed Bah Abba找到了解决的办法，即Cooling System，可见Cooling System既不用花很多钱又能解决农民的问题，因此，本题应选A。 18. In Mohammed Bah Abba's cooling system, the evaporation process is used to ______. A.prevent the loss of water B.cause dry and wet air to exchange C.keep the stored food dry D.take heat away from the inner pot 答案:D[解析] 第5段和第6段的内容表明“蒸发过程”可以使里面的小罐子温度降低，从而起到冷藏、保存食物的目的，D“将热量带走”也就意味着“温度降低”，两者的意义相同，因此，本题应选D。 19. Why did Mohammed Bah Abba get the Rolex Award for Enterprise? A.Because he was very creative. 16 / 17 [大学英语考试复习资料]大学英语四级分类模拟题107 B.Because he had a warm heart. C.Because his invention was beneficial for the poor. D.Because his invention was simple but scientific. 答案:C[解析] 倒数第3段第2句中的aimed at...表明该奖项的目的是为了表彰提高人们生活水平的人，C的内容符合这一宗旨，故为本题答案。 20. What will Mohammed Bah Abba most probably be able to do after receiving the Rolex Award for Enterprise? A.Live a much better life in his hometown. B.Advocate a wider use of his invention. C.Finance refrigerators for his community. D.Raise people's awareness of science. 答案:B[解析] 倒数第3段最后一句末的help develop and extend their projects表明了奖金通常被用来“开发和拓展他们的项目”，四个选项中，与该目的最为接近的是B。 17 / 17
