配合物稳定常数

配合物稳定常数

配合物稳定常数

Stability Constants of Coordination Compounds

络合反应的平衡常数用配合物稳定常数表示，又称配合物形成常数。此常数值越大，说明形成的配合物越稳定。其倒数用来表示配合物的解离程度，称为配合物的不稳定常数。以下表格中，表（1）中除特别说明外是在25℃下，离子强度I =0；表（2）中离子强度都是在有限的范围内，I≈0。表中βn表示累积稳定常数。

金属-无机配位体配合物的稳定常数

Stability Constants of Metal Ion-Inorganic Coordination Compounds

序号(No.) 1 配位体金属离子(Ligand) (Metal ion) NH3 Ag+ Au3+ Cd2+ Co2+ Co3+ Cu+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Hg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pd2+ Pt2+ Zn2+ 2 Br- Ag+ Bi3+ Cd2+ Ce3+ Cu+ Cu2+ Hg2+ 配位体数目n (Number of ligand) 1,2 4 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2 1,2,3,4,5 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4 6 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4 1 2 1 1,2,3,4 lgβn 3.24,7.05 10.3 2.65,4.75,6.19,7.12,6.80,5.14 2.11,3.74,4.79,5.55,5.73,5.11 6.7,14.0,20.1,25.7,30.8,35.2 5.93,10.86 4.31,7.98,11.02,13.32,12.86 1.4,2.2 8.8,17.5,18.5,19.28 0.8,1.3 2.80,5.04,6.77,7.96,8.71,8.74 9.6,18.5,26.0,32.8 35.3 2.37,4.81,7.31,9.46 4.38,7.33,8.00,8.73 2.37,4.20,5.90,7.30,8.20,8.30 1.75,2.34,3.32,3.70, 0.42 5.89 0.30 9.05,17.32,19.74,21.00

In3+ Pb2+ Pd2+ Rh3+ Sc3+ Sn2+ Tl3+ U4+ Y3+ 3 Cl- Ag+ Bi3+ Cd2+ Co3+ Cu+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ In3+ Pb2+ Pd2+ Pt2+ Sb3+ Sn2+ Tl3+ Th4+ Zn2+ Zr4+ 4 CN- Ag+ Au+ Cd2+ Cu+ Fe2+ 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 2,3,4,5,6 1,2 1,2,3 1,2,3,4,5,6 1 1 1,2,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1 2,3 1,2 1 2 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1,2,3,4 2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 2,3,4 2 1,2,3,4 2,3,4 6 1.30,1.88 1.77,2.60,3.00,2.30 5.17,9.42,12.70,14.90 14.3,16.3,17.6,18.4,17.2 2.08,3.08 1.11,1.81,1.46 9.7,16.6,21.2,23.9,29.2,31.6 0.18 1.32 3.04,5.04,5.30 2.44,4.7,5.0,5.6 1.95,2.50,2.60,2.80 1.42 5.5,5.7 0.1, -0.6 1.17 9.8 6.74,13.22,14.07,15.07 1.62,2.44,1.70,1.60 1.42,2.23,3.23 6.1,10.7,13.1,15.7 11.5,14.5,16.0 2.26,3.49,4.18,4.72 1.51,2.24,2.03,1.48 8.14,13.60,15.78,18.00 1.38,0.38 0.43,0.61,0.53,0.20 0.9,1.3,1.5,1.2 21.1,21.7,20.6 38.3 5.48,10.60,15.23,18.78 24.0,28.59,30.30 35.0

Fe3+ Hg2+ Ni2+ Zn2+ 5 F- Al3+ Be2+ Bi3+ Co2+ Cr3+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Fe3+ Ga3+ Hf4+ Hg2+ In3+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Sb3+ Sn2+ Th4+ TiO2+ Zn2+ Zr4+ 6 I- Ag+ Bi3+ Cd2+ Cu+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Pb2+ 6 4 4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4 1 1 1,2,3 1 1 1,2,3,5 1,2,3 1,2,3,4,5,6 1 1,2,3,4 1 1 1 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3 1,4,5,6 1,2,3,4 2 1 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 42.0 41.4 31.3 5.3,11.70,16.70,21.60 6.11,11.12,15.00,18.00,19.40,19.80 4.99,8.80,11.60,13.10 1.42 0.4 4.36,8.70,11.20 0.9 0.8 5.28,9.30,12.06,15.77 4.49,8.00,10.50 9.0,16.5,23.1,28.8,34.0,38.0 1.03 3.70,6.40,8.60,9.80 1.30 5.48 0.50 1.44,2.54 3.0,5.7,8.3,10.9 4.08,6.68,9.50 8.44,15.08,19.80,23.20 5.4,9.8,13.7,18.0 0.78 9.4,17.2,23.7,29.5,33.5,38.3 6.58,11.74,13.68 3.63,14.95,16.80,18.80 2.10,3.43,4.49,5.41 8.85 1.88 12.87,23.82,27.60,29.83 2.00,3.15,3.92,4.47

Pd2+ Tl+ Tl3+ 7 OH- Ag+ Al3+ As3+ Be2+ Bi3+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Ce3+ Ce4+ Co2+ Cr3+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ In3+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pa4+ Pb2+ Pd2+ Sb3+ Sc3+ Sn2+ Th3+ Ti3+ Zn2+ Zr4+ 8 NO3- Ba2+ 4 1,2,3 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1,2,4 1 1,2,3,4 1 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3,4 1 1,3 1,2,3 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1,2 2,3,4 1 1 1,2 1 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1 24.5 0.72,0.90,1.08 11.41,20.88,27.60,31.82 2.0,3.99 9.27,33.03 14.33,18.73,20.60,21.20 9.7,14.0,15.2 12.7,15.8,35.2 1.3 4.17,8.33,9.02,8.62 4.6 13.28,26.46 4.3,8.4,9.7,10.2 10.1,17.8,29.9 7.0,13.68,17.00,18.5 5.56,9.77,9.67,8.58 11.87,21.17,29.67 10.6,21.8,20.9 10.0,20.2,29.6,38.9 2.58 3.9,8.3 4.97,8.55,11.33 14.04,27.84,40.7,51.4 7.82,10.85,14.58 13.0,25.8 24.3,36.7,38.3 8.9 10.4 12.86,25.37 12.71 4.40,11.30,14.14,17.66 14.3,28.3,41.9,55.3 0.92

Bi3+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Pb2+ Tl+ Tl3+ 9 P2O74- Ba2+ Ca2+ Cd3+ Co2+ Cu2+ Hg2+ Mg2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Zn2+ 10 SCN- Ag+ Bi3+ Cd2+ Cr3+ Cu+ Cu2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Sn2+ Th4+ Zn2+ 11 S2O32- Ag+ Cd2+ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,2 2 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3,4,5,6 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,2 1.26 0.28 0.40 1.0 0.35 1.18 0.33 0.92 4.6 4.6 5.6 6.1 6.7,9.0 12.38 5.7 5.8,7.4 7.3,10.15 8.7,11.0 4.6,7.57,9.08,10.08 1.67,3.00,4.00,4.80,5.50,6.10 1.39,1.98,2.58,3.6 1.87,2.98 12.11,5.18 1.90,3.00 2.21,3.64,5.00,6.30,6.20,6.10 9.08,16.86,19.70,21.70 1.18,1.64,1.81 0.78,0.99,1.00 1.17,1.77,1.74 1.08,1.78 1.33,1.91,2.00,1.60 8.82,13.46 3.92,6.44

Cu+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Pb2+ 12 SO42- Ag+ Ba2+ Bi3+ Fe3+ Hg2+ In3+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Pr3+ Th4+ Zr4+ 1,2,3 1 2,3,4 2,3 1 1 1,2,3,4,5 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1 1 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 10.27,12.22,13.84 2.10 29.44,31.90,33.24 5.13,6.35 1.3 2.7 1.98,3.41,4.08,4.34,4.60 4.04,5.38 1.34,2.40 1.78,1.88,2.36 2.4 2.75 3.62,4.92 3.32,5.50 3.79,6.64,7.77

金属-有机配位体配合物的稳定常数

（表中离子强度都是在有限的范围内，I≈0。）

Stability Constants of Metal Ion-Organic Coordination Compounds

序号(No.) 金属离子 (Metal ion) 配位体(Ligand) 配位体数目 n (Number of ligand) lgβn 7.32 16.11 7.78 9.3 22.8 11.0 16.4 16.31 36.0 23.0 18.7 14.83 24.23 20.25 21.80 24.95 2.79 8.64 13.8 6.36 1.66 18.56 18.3 18.5 23.1 22.1 8.80 1 乙二胺四乙酸 (EDTA) [(HOOCCH2)2NCH2]2 Ag+ Al3+ Ba2+ Be2+ Bi3+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Co2+ Co3+ Cr3+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Fe3+ Ga3+ Hg2+ In3+ Li+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Mo(V) Na+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Pd2+ Sc2+ Sn2+ Sr2+ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 乙酸 (Acetic acid) CH3COOH Th4+ TiO2+ Tl3+ U4+ VO2+ Y3+ Zn2+ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 23.2 17.3 22.5 17.50 18.0 18.32 16.4 Zr4+ 1 19.4 Ag+ Ba2+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Ce3+ Co2+ Cr3+ Cu2+(20℃) In3+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Sn2+ Tl3+ Zn2+ 1,2 1 1 1,2,3 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1,2,3,4 1 1,2 0.73,0.64 0.41 0.6 1.5,2.3,2.4 1.68,2.69,3.13,3.18 1.5,1.9 4.63,7.08,9.60 2.16,3.20 3.50,5.95,7.90,9.08 9.84,2.06 1.12,1.81 2.52,4.0,6.4,8.5 3.3,6.0,7.3 6.17,11.28,15.10,18.3 1.5 8.6,15.5 3 乙酰丙酮 Al3+(30℃)

(Acetyl acetone) CH3COCH2CH3 Cd2+ Co2+ Cr2+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Mn3+ Ni2+(20℃) Pb2+ Pd2+(30℃) Th4+ Ti3+ V2+ Zn2+(30℃) Zr4+ 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 2 1,2 1,2 3 1,2,3 2 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2 1,2,3,4 1 1,2,3 1 1 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2,3 1,2,3 1 2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2 4 3.84,6.66 5.40,9.54 5.96,11.7 8.27,16.34 5.07,8.67 11.4,22.1,26.7 21.5 3.65,6.27 4.24,7.35 3.86 6.06,10.77,13.09 6.32 16.2,27.1 8.8,16.2,22.5,26.7 10.43,18.82,24.90 5.4,10.2,14.7 4.98,8.81 8.4,16.0,23.2,30.1 2.41 7.26,13.0,16.3 2.31 3.0 3.52,5.77 4.79,6.7,9.7 6.23,10.27 2.9,4.52,5.22 9.4,16.2,20.2 9.66 6.98 3.43,4.38 3.97,5.80 9.98,16.57,19.42 5.3,7.64,～8.5 4.91,6.76 24.48 4 草酸 (Oxalic acid) HOOCCOOH Ag+ Al3+ Ba2+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Co2+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Hg22+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Mn3+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Sc3+ Th4+ 1,2,3,4 6.86,11.31,14.32,16.70

Zn2+ Zr4+ 5 乳酸 (Lactic acid) CH3CHOHCOOH Ba2+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Co2+ Cu2+ Fe3+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Sc2+ Th4+ Zn2+ 6 水杨酸 (Salicylic acid) C6H4(OH)COOH Al3+ Cd2+ Co2+ Cr2+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Th4+ TiO2+ V2+ Zn2+ 7 磺基水杨酸 Al3+(0.1mol/L) (5-sulfosalicylic Be2+(0.1mol/L) acid) HO3SC6H3(OH)COOH Cd2+(0.1mol/L) Co2+(0.1mol/L) Cr3+(0.1mol/L) Cu2+(0.1mol/L) Fe2+(0.1mol/L) Fe3+(0.1mol/L) Mn2+(0.1mol/L) Ni2+(0.1mol/L) 1,2,3 1 1 1 1 1,2 1 1 1 1 1,2 1 1 1,2 1 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3,4 1 1 1 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 1,2 1 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 4.89,7.60,8.15 0.64 1.42 1.70 1.90 3.02,4.85 7.1 1.37 1.43 2.22 2.40,3.80 5.2 5.5 2.20,3.75 14.11 5.55 6.72,11.42 8.4,15.3 10.60,18.45 6.55,11.25 5.90,9.80 6.95,11.75 4.25,7.60,10.05,11.60 6.09 6.3 6.85 13.20,22.83,28.89 11.71,20.81 16.68,29.08 6.13,9.82 9.56 9.52,16.45 5.9,9.9 14.64,25.18,32.12 5.24,8.24 6.42,10.24 1,2,3,4 9.80,17.14,20.86,21.15

Zn2+(0.1mol/L) 8 酒石酸 (Tartaric acid) (HOOCCHOH)2 Ba2+ Bi3+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Co2+ Cu2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Sn2+ Zn2+ 9 丁二酸 (Butanedioic acid) HOOCCH2CH2COOH Ba2+ Be2+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Co2+ Cu2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Zn2+ 10 硫脲 (Thiourea) H2NC(═S)NH2 Ag+ Bi3+ Cd2+ Cu+ Hg2+ Pb2+ 11 乙二胺 (Ethyoenediamine) Ag+ Cd2+(20℃) 1,2 2 3 1,2 1 1 1,2,3,4 1 1 2 1 1 1,3 1 1,2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1,2 6 1,2,3,4 3,4 2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,2,3 6.05,10.65 1.62 8.30 2.98,9.01 2.8 2.1 3.2,5.11,4.78,6.51 7.49 7.0 1.36 2.49 2.06 3.78,4.7 5.2 2.68,8.32 2.08 3.08 2.0 2.2 2.22 3.33 7.49 7.28 1.20 2.26 2.36 2.8 1.6 7.4,13.1 11.9 0.6,1.6,2.6,4.6 13.0,15.4 22.1,24.7,26.8 1.4,3.1,4.7,8.3 4.70,7.70 5.47,10.09,12.09

H2NCH2CH2NH2 Co2+ Co3+ Cr2+ Cu+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Hg2+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pd2+ V2+ Zn2+ 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2 2 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2 1 1,2,3 1,2,3 2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2,3,4 1,2 1,2,3,4 1 1,2,3 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2 1 1 1,2 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 5.91,10.64,13.94 18.7,34.9,48.69 5.15,9.19 10.8 10.67,20.0,21.0 4.34,7.65,9.70 14.3,23.3 0.37 2.73,4.79,5.67 7.52,13.84,18.33 26.90 4.6,7.5 5.77,10.83,14.11 1.97,4.35 1.40,1.95,2.27,2.50 1.14,1.54 2.59,4.33,5.93,6.54 0.71 5.1,10.0,10.4 1.92,2.77,3.37,3.50 1.41,1.11,1.61,1.93 3.41,6.89 0.77 1.38 4.74,8.60 5.23,9.25,10.76 8.60,15.54,16.27 4.3,7.8 10.3,19.2 3.44,6.46 3.6,6.6 6.18,11.14,15.0 5.47,8.92 9.12,17.55 5.52,9.96 9.00,9.00,16.60 12 吡啶 (Pyridine) C5H5N Ag+ Cd2+ Co2+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Hg2+ Mn2+ Zn2+ Ag+ Ba2+ Ca2+ Cd2+ Co2+ Cu2+ Fe2+(20℃) Hg2+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ Pd2+ Zn2+ 13 甘氨酸 (Glycin) H2NCH2COOH 14 2-甲基-8-羟基喹啉 Cd2+

(50%二噁烷) (8-Hydroxy-2-methyl quinoline) Ce3+ Co2+ Cu2+ Fe2+ Mg2+ Mn2+ Ni2+ Pb2+ UO22+ Zn2+ 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 7.71 9.63,18.50 12.48,24.00 8.75,17.10 5.24,9.64 7.44,13.99 9.41,17.76 10.30,18.50 9.4,17.0 9.82,18.72

EDTA的lgαY(H)值 lgαY(H) Values of EDTA

pH 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 lgαY(H) 23.64 23.06 22.47 21.89 21.32 20.75 20.18 19.62 19.08 18.54 18.01 17.49 16.98 16.49 16.02 15.55 15.11 pH 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 lgαY(H) 11.90 11.62 11.35 11.09 10.84 10.60 10.37 10.14 9.92 9.70 9.48 9.27 9.06 8.85 8.65 8.44 8.24 pH 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 lgαY(H) 6.45 6.26 6.07 5.88 5.69 5.51 5.33 5.15 4.98 4.81 4.65 4.49 4.34 4.20 4.06 3.92 3.79 pH 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 9.0 9.1 lgαY(H) 2.78 2.68 2.57 2.47 2.37 2.27 2.17 2.07 1.97 1.87 1.77 1.67 1.57 1.48 1.38 1.28 1.19 pH 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 lgαY(H) 0.45 0.39 0.33 0.28 0.24 0.20 0.16 0.13 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02

1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 14.68 14.27 13.88 13.51 13.16 12.82 12.50 12.19 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 8.04 7.84 7.64 7.44 7.24 7.04 6.84 6.65 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 3.67 3.55 3.43 3.32 3.21 3.10 2.99 2.88 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 1.10 1.01 0.92 0.83 0.75 0.67 0.59 0.52 11.7 11.8 11.9 12.0 12.1 12.2 13.0 13.9 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.005 0.0008 0.0001