高考英语二轮阅读理解三月特训(50)

2014届高考英语二轮复习 三月精品练习阅读理解85

At night, bats fly through the air, catching hundreds of insects and other small animals. But during the day, they hardly move at all. Instead, bats pass the time hanging upside down from a secret spot.

There are a couple of reasons why bats rest this way. First of all, it puts them in a position for takeoff. Unlike birds, bats can’t fly into the air from the ground. Their wings don’t produce enough lift to take off from a dead stop, and their hind legs are so small and underdeveloped that they can’t run to build up the necessary takeoff speed. Instead, they use their front claws to climb to a high spot, and then fall into flight.

During the hours when most enemies are active, bats gather where few animals would think to look and most can’t reach. This allows them to disappear from the world until night comes again. There’s also little competition for these resting spots, as other flying animals don’t have the ability to hang upside down.

Bats have a unique physiological adaptation that lets them hang around this way without using any energy. For you to hold your fist around an object tight, you contract（紧缩）several muscles in your arm, which are connected to your fingers by tendons（腱）；as one muscle contracts, it pulls a tendon, which pulls one of your fingers closed. A bat’s talons（爪）close in the same way, except that their tendons are connected only to the upper body, not to a muscle. To hang upside down, a bat pulls its claws open with other muscles. To get the talons to take hold of the surface, the bat simply lets its body relax. The weight of the upper body pulls down on the tendons connected to the talons, causing them to hold tight. Therefore, the bat doesn’t have to do anything to hang upside down. 1．Bats hang upside down because________．

A. they haven’t developed a pair of strong claws B. they can’t start to fly from the ground directly

C. they have no hind legs to support their body D. they can’t find quiet places to stay during the day

2．The third paragraph tells us that bats’ hanging upside down_______. A. is to save their energy for night movement B. is a way to fight against flying animals

C. is a great way to hide from danger D. is a skill to compete for the flying places

3．Why can bats hang upside down easily? A. Because their upper body is light. B. Because they have strong muscles.

C. Because their talons are linked to muscles tightly. D. Because their tendons are linked to their upper body.

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4． What is the passage mainly about?

A. The living habits of bats. B. How and why bats hang upside down. C. The importance of bats’ hanging upside down. D. How bats use their energy at night.

People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells. Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time. Elephant tusks, monkey tails, and salt were used as money in parts of Africa.

Some animals were used as money too. The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. People strung them together and carried them from place to place. The first coins in England were made of tin (锡). Sweden and Russia used copper (铜) to make their money. Later countries began to make coins of gold and silver.

Later the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today. 5．People used different kinds of things as . A. gold B. metal C. money D. silver 6．Tin was first made as money in .

A. China B. Philippine Islands C. England D. Russia 7． The word \"strung\" in the passage probably means .\" A. came B. tied C. put D. made 8． The best topic of the article is” .”

A. How Many Kinds of Money Are There in the World B. The History of Money C. Money in Different Countries D. The Use of Money

The round-the-clock availability that cell phones have brought to people’s lives may be taking a toll on family life, a new study suggests. The study, which followed more than 1300 adults over 2 years, found that those who consistently used a mobile phone through out the study period were more likely to report negative “spillover” between work and home life—and, in turn, less satisfaction with their family life. Spillover(影响，后果) actually means that the line between work and home began to become unclear. Work life may invade home life—when a parent is taking job-related calls at home, for instance—or family issues may start to take up work time. For example, a child may call Mom at work, telling her “the microwave exploded”, explained Noelle Chesley, an assistant professor of society at the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee and the author of the study. The problem with cell phones seems to be they are allowing for ever more spillover between work and home. This may be especially true for working women, the study found. Among men, consistent use of mobile phones seemed not to allow more work issues to creep(潜入) into family time. But for women, the spillover tended to go in both directions—being “connected” means that work cuts into home time, and family issues come into work life.

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Cell phones seem to be opening more lines for stressful exchange among family members. But there may be ways to control the spillover, according to Chesley. Employers, she said, should look at their policies on contacting employees after working hours to make sure their expectations are “reasonable”. For their part, employees can decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.

9．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “taking a toll on” in Paragraph l?

A. Explaining B. Protecting C. Extending D. Damaging 10．The example “the microwave exploded” in Paragraph 2 is used to . A. show the microwave is of poor quality B. indicate how dependent the child is

C. indicate family issues affect work hours D. show work time creeps into family life 11．What is the main idea of this passage? A. Cell phones offer 24-hour availability. B. Cell phones get life and work mixed.

C. Women don’t use cell phones in an effective way. D. Men are better at dealing with family problems. 12．What is the author’s attitude towards round-the-clock availability of the cell phone?

A. Curious B. Positive C. Subjective D. Objective

Chaplin, one of the greatest and funniest actors, was born in London in 18. When a poor boy, he was often seen waiting outside the London theatres, hoping to get work in show business. He could sing and dance, and above all, he knew how to make people laugh. But he couldn’t get work and therefore wandered about the city streets.

Charlie Chaplin first acted when he was five. He broke into show business because his mother, a music-hall performer, lost her voice during the performance and had to leave the stage, and Charlie went on and sang a well-known song. Halfway through the song, a shower of money poured onto the stage. Charlie stopped singing and told audiences he would pick the money first and then finish the song. The audiences laughed. This was the first of millions of laughs in Charlie Chaplin’s fabulous(神话) career.

Twenty years later the same Chaplin became the greatest and best loved comedian in the world. His dream came true in the world. His dream came true in the end. Chaplin became world-famous and almost a king in the world of the film.

Even people who don’t understand English can enjoy Chaplin’s films because they are mostly silent. The equipment for adding sound to films had not yet been developed. The development of films with sound became a problem for Chaplin, as he was uncertain about making films with dialogues. Instead, he coninued to make films without dialogue, but he added music, which he wrote himself. It isn’t what he says that makes us laugh. His comedy doesn’t depend on words. It depends on little actions which mean the same thing to people the world over.

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Chaplin lived most of his life in America and the last years in Switzerland, where he was buried at Christmas 1977, at the age of eighty-eight. There was sadness all over the world at the news of his death.

In his book, Chaplin tells us how to succeed in life. He says, “You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret.”

13．Chaplin is regarded as king of comedy mainly because______. A. lots of people have seen his films B. he could sing and dance well C. he knew how to make people laugh

D. he acted out the common human situations best in his comedy 14．What makes people laugh in Chaplin’s films?

A. It isn’t his words but his actions. B. Neither his words nor actions.

C. Either his words or his actions. D. Not only his words but also his actions.

15．The only secret of Charles Chaplin’s huge success is that______. A. he can make all people, men and women, old and young laugh B. he has full trust in himself

C. he is always active and hard-working all his life D. though he is always in trouble, he never loses heart

16．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. He was too shy to meet the managers of the theatres.

B. People won’t stop laughing until tears run down Chaplin’s face.

C. People all over the world can enjoy Chaplin’s films without translation because most of them are silent.

D. He wouldn’t like to work at the theatre.

17．America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families. Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily. Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated

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hospitably. For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!

【小题1】The writer of this passage must be ______.

A. an American B. a Chinese C. a professor D. a student

【小题2】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families. B. Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives. C. Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.

D. Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.

【小题3】From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend, we will probably be ______. A. warmly welcomed at the airport B. offered a ride to his home C. treated hospitably at his home D. treated to dinner in a restaurant

【小题4】The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ______. A. strict with time B. serious with time C. careful with time D. willing to spend time

【小题5】 A suitable title for this passage would probably be “______”. A. Friendships between Chinese B. Friendships between Americans C. Americans’ hospitality

D. Americans’ and Chinese’s views of friendships 18．

Having friends may well keep you healthier and help you deal with stress better. Some studies show that people with close friends have a greater ability to fight disease than people who are alone.

Make friendship a priority (优先考虑的事). Find the time to be with friends even if it means letting the dishes unwashed for a while. When you can’t get together, use the phone to keep in touch.

Open up to close friends. Keeping a deep friendship requires a level of “heartfelt”intimacy(亲密). Don’t be afraid to express your inner fears and disappointments. Listen to your friends when they have problems, but offer advice only when it’s wanted. Help raise friends’ self-esteem when they are shaken by a job loss, or other difficulties.

Have different friends for different activities, such as going to the movies, singing in a choir, and joining in a bowling league.

Don’t’ wait for a friend to ask a favor. When a friend has the flu, offer to go to the store or drive the children to their after-school activities.

Never take a friendship for granted. Like a good marriage, friendship needs care and patience. Become a joiner. Find a group that matches your interests.

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Talk to strangers. Conversations started in museums, laundry rooms, or bookstores can lead to firm friendships.

Enroll in an adult-education course. A classroom is an ideal place to meet others with similar interests.

People with close friends have a ability to fight disease than people who are alone. A. less B. greater C. poorer D. little According to the passage, you’d better offer advice to your friends . A. at any moment B. only when they are happy C. only when they want it D. only when you are glad What we should do to have friends according to the author? A. Make friendship a priority. B. Open up to close friends. C. Never take a friendship for granted. D. All the above. Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage? You should have different friends for the same activities. You should wait for a friend to ask a favor.

You should avoid talking with strangers in museums, laundry rooms, or bookstores. You should never take a friendship for granted.

The underlined word “enroll” in the last paragraph means “ ”. A. give B. join C. get D. catch

参

1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B

【解析】略

5．C 6．C 7．B 8．B 【解析】

5． 从第一段可知。

6． 从第二段第五局可知。

7． 从第二段第二、三、四句可知，中国是制造金属硬币的首创者，硬币中间有方孔，以便人们串起来携带。

8． 全文主要讲述货币的历史。

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9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 【解析】 试题分析：本文讲述了手机的存在让人们无法把家庭和工作分开，在家里的时候也在谈工作，在工作的时候也会受到家里事务的影响。 9．D 推理题。根据本句The round-the-clock availability that cell phones have brought to people’s lives may be taking a toll on family life, 说明手机的存在已经破坏了家庭生活，因为老板可以利用手机向你布置任务，影响了你在工作以外了时间。故D正确。 10．B 推理题。根据本句For example, a child may call Mom at work, telling her “the microwave exploded”, explained Noelle Chesley是孩子对父母非常依赖，家里的东西坏了自己不会处理，立刻打电话告诉妈妈。故B正确。

11．B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段说明手机的存在让人们的工作和生活混在了一起，影响了人们的生活，故B正确。

12．D 推理题。根据文章最后一段But there may be ways to control the spillover, according to Chesley和For their part, employees can decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.都说明这样的观点收到人们的反对。故D正确。 考点：考查了社会知识类短文

点评：本文讲述了的手机混淆了家庭生活和工作。文章有一定的难度，测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C

【解析】略 17．

【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】D 【小题5】D 【解析】 试题分析：

【小题1】B 细节题。根据文章倒数第8,9行we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends说明文章中的I是一个中国人，故B正确。

【小题2】D 细节题。根据文章3,4行If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship.说明D正确。

【小题3】C 细节题。根据文章倒数3,4行Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be

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full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably. 说明C正确。

【小题4】D 推理题。根据本句This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time.说明在中国我们愿意花时间陪我们的客人，故D正确。 【小题5】D 主旨大意题。文章讨论的中国人和美国人对待友谊和朋友方面的差异。故D正确。

考点：考查文化类短文阅读 点评：文章讨论的中国人和美国人对待友谊和朋友方面的差异。本篇文章主要考查了推理题与细节题，需要根据文章大意，结合语境，做出准确的判断。 18． B C D D B

【解析】

细节题。文章第一段第二行谈到有密友的人比孤独的人有更强的能力抵抗疾病。 细节题从第三段but offer advice only when it’s wanted.可知

细节题。从文中粗体字部分快速把握要拥有朋友的方式的信息，含括了ABC三项的内容，故选D

细节题从文中粗体字部分可知A错在same,应改为different,B，C在should 后加not。 词义猜测题。根据后面的adult-education course猜测，参加成人教育课程。 考点：教育说理性议论文

点评：友谊使人更健康，本文主要讲述如何交友。本文内容比较简单，集中考查细节较多，在阅读时注意关键的细节内容，做好标志，以提高阅读的效率。

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