高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

主谓一致

在英 的句子中，

的形式 与主 的人称和数保持一致。

近几年来， 高考对于

内容的考 主要集中在形式一致、承前一致以及就近一致三个方面。

一、使用复数谓语动词的状况

1． 由 and, both

⋯ and接两⋯个主 ， 用复数形式。如：

Both the teacher and the students are working hard.

但当 and 接的两个名 指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一观点，且第二个名 前没有冠

等 ；此外， 数。如：

and 接的两个名 前有 each ， every 等修 ， 用

The knife and fork lies on the table.

2 ． “ the＋形容 或 去分

”指一 人 ， 用复数形式。如：

The wounded were sent to the hospital at once.

3 ． the people/cattle/police

作主 ， 用复数形式。如：

After hearing the news, the people present were all crying.

二、使用单数谓语动词的状况

1． 数名 、 不行数名 、 不定代 ， 如 something/somebody, everything/everybody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody

作主 ， 用 数形式。如：

Anybody who breaks the law is to be punished.

2 ． 不定式、 名 、主 从句作主 ， 用 数形式。如：

Looking after the baby is my job.

3 ． 名 ，以 -s 尾的 数名 ，以 -s 尾的 名、 志名、地方、 名称作主 ， 用 数形式。如： Physics is hard to study.

4 ． 数名 ＋ with, along with ， together with ， as well as ，rather than, as much as,

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

but, except, besides, such as, like, including

等作主 ， 仍用 数形式。如：

Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party.

三、使用就近原则的状况

or, either

⋯ or, neither

⋯ nor, not only ⋯接两but个主also, not， ⋯ but

与凑近它的主 保持一致。如：

Either the students or their teacher dislikes basketball take part in the basketball match.

， otherwise they would

四、集体名词作主语时主谓一致的状况

若看作一个整体， 用 数形式；

集体名 有： class, family

， population, mittee

若 重于个体，

等。如：

用复数形式。常 的

The whole family are farmers.

五、几个详细状况

1． none 作主 ， 多用复数形式，也可用 数形式。如：

None of this money is yours.

None of these suggestions are very helpful.

2 ． a number of ＋复数名 ， 用复数形式，

the number of

＋复数名 ，

用 数形式。如：

A number of students study at home nowadays on weekends.

The number of students in my class is 63.

3 ． one of ＋复数名 ， 后边跟定 从句 ，

用复数形式， 即与复数名 一致；

the

(only) one of ＋复数名 ， 用 数形式，即与

He is one of the students who are against the plan.

the (only) one 一致。如：

The only one of the students who is to be punished is Tom.

4 ．“

some＋复数名 ”作主 ， 用复数形式； some ＋ 数名 作主 ， some

意 “某个 ”， 用 数形式。如：

Some student is on duty today.

Some students in my class are very lazy.

5 ． trousers, shoes, glasses, scissors pair of

的 ⋯构作主 ， 用 数形式。如：

等复数名 作主 ， 用复数形式，但

a

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

This pair of glasses is expensive.

6 ．单复数同形的名词作主语。

英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时，应依据其表达的意义来决定谓语动词的单复

数，常有的这种名词有

works( 工厂 ) ， police( )， sheep( 绵羊 )， deer( 鹿 )， fish( 鱼 ) ，

means( 方法 ) ， species( 种类 ) ， Chinese( 中国人 )， Japanese( 日自己 ) ； Swiss( 瑞士人 ) ； series( 系列 )等。如：

Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is

still not clear.

7 ． what /whoever /which

指引的主语从句充任主语时， 有时要看 what /whoever /which

所指代的词的意义来决定谓语动词的数。如：

What he said is true.

What we need are more volunteers.

8 ． “分数 ( 百分数 ) ＋ of

＋名词 ”作主语时，谓语动词的形式要依据名词确立。如：

One-third of us are boys. Two-fifths of water is clear.

9 ． “ more than one /many a ＋单数名词 ”作主语时，只管其意义复数，但谓语动词仍是用

单数形式。但 “more than ＋ 复数名词 ”作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。

数词

数词分为基数词、序数词、分数、小数和概数。复习时要注意下边问题：

1． 基数词的意义：表示事物数目的多少，特别是

hundred ， thousand ， million 等，前方

如有基数词或某些表示数目的形容词时，它们只好用单数。 2 ． 序数词一般由基数词＋ eth 。如 twentieth; fiftieth

th 构成。以 y 结尾的基数词构成序数词时，先把

y 变成 i，再加

。常用的不规则的序数词有： first, second, third, fifth, eighth,

“再一；又一 ”

ninth, twelfth 。序数词前往常要加定冠词the ，但序数词不表示次序而表示 时，前方要用不定冠词 a(an) 。 3 ． 此外要注意年月的表达

“ the＋年月 s 或 the ＋年月 's 和”名词与数词的关系： “ the＋序

”等。

数词＋名词 ”或 “名词＋基数词

4 ． 分数的形式：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当基数词大于

“ 时1”，序数词要用复数形

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

式。

5 ． 小数的构成和读法：小数点读作

point ，小数点前方的数按基数词的方法读，小数点后

面的数按数字读。

1． 单句改错

(1) One or perhaps more pages is missing.

【分析】

主语一致。

is 改为 are 。由 or 连结两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与凑近它的

(2) Large quantities of food was carried to the city.

【分析】

was 改为 were 。“ large quantities of ＋复数名词或不行数名词

quantities

一致。

”作主语，谓

语动词用复数形式，即与 (3) All he said are wrong.

【分析】 are 改为 is 。all

作主语时，若 all 为复数观点，谓语动词用复数形式，若

all 为一个整体观点，谓语动词用单数形式。

(4) The teacher, as well as his students, are going to see the film this afternoon.

【分析】

一致。

are 改为 is 。当 as well as 连结两个名词时，谓语动词与前方一个名词保持

2 ． 【误】

Several millions people in the world are sending information by e-mail

every day.

【正】

Several million people in the world are sending information by e-mail

every day.

【分析】 在 million ， hundred 等前假如有详细数字或

形式。但在表示不切实数目时用复数，如：表示

several 等词修饰时，要用单数

。

“数百万 ”，应为 millions of

3 ． The pany had about 20 puters but only one-third ________ used regularly. Now

we have 60 working all day long.

A ． is

B． are C． was D ． were

【误】 学生可能认为 是分数，谓语动词应当用单数而误选

A 或

此外学

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

生也可能不确立句子的时态而误选

B。

【正】 答案为 D 。

【分析】 此题中的 one-third 指代的是 puters 的三分之一， 所以此处谓语动词要用复数形式，且该句话说的是过去的事情。

1． [2009 山·东卷 ] number

Theof foreign students attending Chinese universities

________ rising steadily since 1990.

A ． is

B． are

C． has been

D ．have been

【分析】

C 主语是 the number ，故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是 since 1990 ，

所以用达成时态。

2 ． —Did you go to the show last night?

—Yeah. Every boy and every girl in the area ________ invited.

A ． were

B． have been

C．has been

D． was

【分析】

D 由 and 连结的两个名词同时被

last night

every ， each 或 no 修饰时，谓语动词用

单数。再从问句的

能够看出，应为过去时。

3 ． [2009 四·川卷 ] The teacher the students

together with________ discussing

Reading Skills that ________ newly published in America.

A ． are; were

B． is; were

C．are; was

D． is; was

【分析】

D

第一空谓语要和

the teacher

一致；第二空

that 指代 Reading Skills

这

本书， 谓语应用单数形式。

4 ． Shortly after the accident

，two ________ police were sent to the spot to keep

order.

A ． dozens of

B． dozens

C．dozens' of D． dozen

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

【分析】 D

dozen, score ，hundred, thousand ，million 等名词前方有数词或 several

等词修饰时， 这些词一般不用复数形式， 但在以下短语中加

s，并与 of 连用： dozens of ( 许

多的 )， hundreds of ( 成百的 )， thousands of ( 上千的 ) ， millions of ( 数百万的 )。

5 ． He did it ________ it took me.

A ． one third a time B． one third time

C．the one third time

D． one third the time

【分析】 D

考察句子构造剖析和倍数表达法。句意为：他做这件事只用了我 (做这件

事) 三分之一的时间。这句话包括一个定语从句，修饰 the time ，不过关系词已省略。

6 ． [2010 四·川卷 ] Such poets as Shakespeare

________ widely read ， of whose

works ， however ， some ________ difficult to understand.

A ． are ； are

B． is ； is

C．are ；is

D． is ； are

【分析】 A

考察主谓一致。第一空 poets 作主语，谓语用 are ，第二空 some of his are 。

works 作主语，表示复数的观点，依旧用

7 ． [2010 湖·南卷 ] Listening to loud music at rock concerts________ caused hearing

loss in some teenagers.

A ． is B． are

C． has D． have

【分析】 C 考察主谓一致和时态。依据动名词短语作主语，句子的谓语动词用单数形式，由此清除 B、D 两项。依据主语与 caused 的主动关系，清除 A ，选 C。

8 ． The secretary and headmaster of the school ________the meeting.

A ． were going to

B． are going to D． is to attend

C．are having

【分析】 D

只有 and 前的名词前有冠词，表示 “兼校长 ”，指同一个人，选 D。

9 ． [2009 陕·西卷 ] Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ________visit

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

Beijing this summer.

A ． is going to B． are going to C．was going to D． were going to 【分析】 A

考 和主 一致。主 是 Dr. Smith ，表 数， 用 数

形式； 状 是

this summer,

表 划性的未来，故 用一般未来 ，

A 。

10． Either you or one of your students ________to attend the match that is due Tuesday.

A ． are B． is C． have

D ． be

【分析】

B

考 主 一致的用法。

either

⋯ or接⋯两个主 ，按就近原 来确立

的 复数。

11． An average of 130,000 Chinese ________ abroad for studies every year over the past few years, boosting exchanges in the educational fields.

A ． was going B． have been going C．has been going D． are going 【分析】

B

考 主 一致及 。 句的主 是 An average of 130,000 Chinese

故 将答案 定在

B、D 中。因为短

over the past few years

知用 在达成 行 。

12 ． What the science teacher does and says ________ of great importancecollege students.

A ． was B． are C． is

D ． were

【分析】

C 考 主 一致。句意 ： 个科学老 所做的和所 的 大学生很重要。

and 接的主 表示同一件事的两个方面，表示 数含 ， 用 数形式。

13． Since he became a taxi driver, his ine is________ as before.

，to

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

A ． three times as many

B． more than three times C．three times as much D． as three times

【分析】

C

考 倍数的表达方法。正确形式 ：倍数＋

as

＋形容 、副 的原

＋as; 倍数＋形容

/ 副 比 ＋ than ⋯故答案 C

。

14． [2010 ·西卷 ] It is reported that many a new house ________at present in the disaster area.

A ． are being built B． were being built C．was being built D． is being built

【分析】

D 本 考 和主 一致。 many a 加名 数， 要用 数 形式，清除 A 、 B，at present

表示了 “ 在 ”清除 C。

15． —What is the model plane like?

—Well, the wings of the plane are ________ of its body.

A ． more than the length twice

B． more than twice the length C．more than the twice length D． more twice than the length

【分析】

B

考 倍数句型。 依据倍数句型的构成 “A＋ is ＋倍数 ＋ the ＋ length

of ＋ B”

B 。答 意 “机翼的 度是机身 度的两倍多

”。 more than twice 意

倍多 ”。

1．（石家庄二中 2011 届高三一模） Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of puters _______ to ten Hope Schools in South China

．

等＋

“两

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

A ． were sent

B ． was sent

C． have sent D ． had

been sent

【答案】 B

2.（ 2011 ·河北正定中学第一次月考）

6 ． It is you, rather than he, that for the

accident ．

A ． is to blame

B． are to blame

C．is blame

D． are blame

【答案】 B

3.（ 2011 ·广西玉林、南宁二中

9 月联考） 31． Between

the two mountains

the

factory where my father used to work.

A ． stand

B． stands C． to stand

D． standing

【答案】 B

4. （ 2011 ·浙江温州八校返校联考）

34 ． Chen Fang , as well as his two colleagues,

________ for a trip to in a month

．

A ． goes

B． go C． is going

D ． are

going

【答案】C考察主谓一致实时态。 此处 Chen Fang 是主语，故用单数谓语动词； 依据 in a month

可知用未来时。

5（. 2011 ·四川绵阳中学第一次月考）

29. Some equipment as well as a number of maps and

books

to Zhouqu since the mud-rock flow occurred.

B. have been offered

A. has been offered

C. are offered

D. is being offered

【答案】 A

6.（ 2011 ·四川成都市摸底） 32 ．Atlanta, as well as many other big cities,

again being one of the mercial and cultural centers of the USA right now.

once

A ． is

B． are C． has been D． have been

A

7.（2011 ·湖南雅礼中学第一次月考） 26 ．More than one student in our class _________

to Shanghai Expo.

A ． has been B． have been C． is D． are

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

【答案】 A

8.（ 2011 ·江西南昌一中第一次月考）

31． More than _______ of the classmates in my

class ____ fond of pop music

．

A ． two-third, is

B． two-thirds, is

C．second-third, are

D． two-thirds, are

【答案】 D

9. （ 2011 ·福建福州三中第一次月考）

41 ． The teacher

together with the students

discussing Writing skills that

newly published in America.

A ． are; were

B． are; was C． is; was

D． is; were

【答案】 C

10.（2011 ·福建福州三中第一次月考）

36 ．One third of the deer

by the wolves

last night. A ． was eaten

B． is eaten C． were eaten D． are eaten

【答案】 C

11. （浙江省慈溪中学 2010 届高三第二次月考）

The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as _______ its soil and water of its

lakes, rivers and oceans.

A. has

B. do

C. is D. are

答案

D

考察主谓一致。此处

soil and water

是主语，故用

are 。

12. （广西桂林十八中 2010 届高三第五次月考）

According to recent exploration

thought.

A. twice as much 答案

A

to Mars, it may hold ______ water as previously

B. as much twice C. twice much as D. much as twice

考察数词的用法。此句型倍数

twice 应置于 as 以前。

13. （陕西省镇安中学 2010 届高三上学期第三次月考）

In fact, not only Mary and I but also Jane___ having one exam after another.

A. Is tired with B. are tired with

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

答案

C

考察主谓一致。此处考察就近一致，

Jane 是主语故用

is。

14. （河南省驻马店高中 2010 届高三摸底考试）

Either you or one of your students ___ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.

A. are

B. is C. have D. be

答案

B

考察主谓一致。此处考察就近一致，真实的主语是

one of your students

，故用 is 。15. （上海市六校 2010 届高三联考）

The lady was so keen on the fur coat that she would have bought it even if it cost

__________

A. as twice much

B. much as twice

C. as much twice D. twice as much

答案

D

考察数词的用法。此处倍数应置于

as

以前。

16. （四川省绵阳南山中学

2010 届高三 1 月月考）

At the bus stop ________ a soldier and two young people on their way to the village.

A ． were

B． was

C． is

D． sits

答案

A

17. （江西省九江一中 2010 届高三上学期第四次月考）

Butter and bread ____their daily food, but the bread and the butter ______ up now.

A. is; is eaten

B. are; have been eaten C. are; are eaten D. is; haveeaten

答案

D

18．（陕西省户县三中 2010 届高三第二次月考）

________of the money______

my parents.

A. Two fifth, belongs to

B. Two five, belongs

C. Second fifths, is belonged to

D. Two fifths, belongs to

答案

D

19. （甘肃省皋兰一中 2010 届高三上学期第三次月考）

Even though you offered _______ you have just offered, 1 would not sell it to you.

A. the money twice that B. twice the money that

been

高中英语2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题14主谓一致与数词教案

C. twice the money what

D. the money that twice

答案

B

offer’s.

20. （辽宁省抚顺一中 2010 届高三 12 月月考）

An average of 200 letters

a week ____ received by the newspaper Such

_____

the case with us at present.

A. are; is

B. has been; has been C. have been; is D. is; are

答案

A