初中英语短语动词的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)

一、短语动词

1．As a kind of important energy, coal（煤炭） can _______ one day.

A. keep out B. run out C. be run out D. run out of 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完，耗尽（主语是物）”，keep out“阻止……进入”， run out of “用完……东西（主语是人）”；选项C是被动形式，其后应加介词of，故选B。

2．— Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week? — You'd better take a train. the suitable trains in the timetable.

A. Set up B. Look up C. Take up D. Put up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——玛丽，下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁？——你最好坐火车去。在时间表中查找合适的列车。A. Set up建立；B. Look up查找；C. Take up从事；D. Put up张贴，举起。这里是表示查找，故答案为B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。

3．—I'm sorry that I forgot to turn off the light. —Don't worry. I'll have it __________.

A. turn off B. turned off C. turned on 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：---抱歉我忘记关灯了。---别担心，我将把它关掉。turn off关掉；turn on打开。短语：have sth done，请人做某事，使某事被做。此处宾语light与动词turn off之间构成被动关系，用过去分词，故答案为B。 【点评】考查过去分词作补语，牢记固定搭配。

4．Nowadays more and more people ________ food safety.

A. pay attention to B. look after C. take it easy D. look out 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：现在，越来越多的人注意食品安全。pay attention to注意；look after照顾；take it easy别着急；look out当心。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

5．We are getting ready __________ Christmas.

A. to B. with C. for D. of 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】get ready for……为固定短语，意为“为……做准备”。 【点评】考查介词辨析和固定搭配。

6．Scientists are trying to ___________ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.

A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：科学家正努力想出办法治疗叫H7N9的可怕疾病。come up with想出；提出；look forward to盼望；talk about谈论；give up放弃。根据句意可知选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

7．We must plant more trees after we _______ every year.

A. cut off them B. cut them off C. cut down them D. cut them down 【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须每年在砍掉树木之后种植更多的树。cut off切断；cut down砍倒。根据前文的trees可知砍伐树木用cut down，作宾语的代词them应放在cut与副词down之间，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析及动词短语的用法：“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语时，代词放在动词后副词前

8．—Do you know who _______ my umbrella? I can't find it.—Sorry. I went out just now. A. took away B. took up C. took off D. took out 【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：---你知道谁拿走了我的雨伞吗？我找不到了。---对不去，我刚才出去了。take away拿走；take up拿起；从事；take off脱掉；起飞；take out取出。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记take构成的短语，根据句意判断答案。

9．It's six o'clock．It's time to get up．Please ．

A. wake up him B. wake him up C. heat up him D. heat him up 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：6点了，该起床了，请把他叫醒。wake up叫醒；heat up加热。“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语是，注意代词放在动词后副词前，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语

10．Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor

students．

A. cleaned up B. set up C. fixed up D. cheered up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。clean up打扫干净；set up建起；fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

11．When you visit a museum, you should ___________ the instructions.

A. compare with B. look forward to C. pay attention to D. try out 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：当你参观博物馆的时候，你应该注意说明。compare with比较；look forward to盼望；pay attention to注意；try out试验。根据句意故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

12．I can find the meaning of new words by _______ in a dictionary.

A. look them up B. look up them C. looking them up D. looking up them 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：通过查词典，我可以查到新词的意思。介词by后跟动词时用doing，代词作动词短语的宾语时放在两词之间，故选C。

【点评】此题考查动词短语和代词用法。注意代词作宾语时的位置。

13．Don't waste water the river and the lake.

A. put; into B. pour; in C. pour; into D. put; to 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pour……into把……倒入；put……into把……放在……里。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

14．The students ought to wear school uniforms when they're at school.

A. are supposed to B. are allowed to C. would like to D. love to 【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。ought to的意思是应该，后跟动词的原形。be supposed to 被认为应该做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事；would like to 愿意去做某事；love to 喜欢去做某事。故选A。 【点评】考查动词。

15．– Jenny, the teacher will ________ your mobile phone if you use it in class. – Sorry, I won't do that again.

A. take out B. take away C. take off 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】A. take out取出，去掉，出发，B. take away带走，拿走，取走，C. take off起飞，脱下，离开。句意：Jenny，如果你在教室使用手机，老师将会把它拿走。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语的用法。

16．— Can I ______ a few minutes of yours to talk about how to deal with the old books? — Sure.

A. set up B. open up C. take up D. put up 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——我能占用你几分钟的时间谈谈如何处理旧问题吗？——当然可以。A创立，B开通，C占据，D建造，根据 a few minutes，可知是占用时间，故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 a few minutes 的语境选择合适的用法。

17．—Why did you come late again?

—Because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning.

A. go off B. go out C. go away D. go over 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off“发出响声”；go out“出去”；go away“离开”；go over“检查”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选A。

18．Jack is dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.

A. makes up B. sets up C. takes up D. picks up 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：Jack不诚实，他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。make up 编造；set up建立；take up拿起，从事，占据；pick up拾起，捡起，接某人。根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。

19．Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _____ and when it will land.

A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：看这么大的雨！没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞，什么时候降落。A. get off下来，下车；B. take off起飞，脱掉；C. turn off关掉；D. put off推迟，拖延。根据句意可知选B。

20．My daughter will call _______ as soon as she _______ Shanghai.

A. me up, will arrive in B. up me, arrives at C. up me , arrives at D. me up, arrives in 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：我的女儿一到达上海就会给我打电话。call sb. up是固定短语，给某人打电话，跟代词时，代词要放在中间；arrive in到达大地方；arrive at到达小地方。上海是一个大城市，应该用in。根据句意可知选D。

【点评】本题考查短语和动词短语的辨析。call sb up表示给某人打电话，但是当sb是代词形式时，要把代词放中间；arrive in到达城市或者国家，arrive at到达小的地方。

21．To make the hall brighter, they have decided to ______ two more lights.

A. put in B. put out C. put on D. put off 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：为了使大厅更加明亮，他们已经决定放入另外两盏灯。put in提出，提交，放入；put out扑灭；put on穿上，上演；put off推迟。根据句意To make the hall brighter可知，这里应是在大厅里再放两盏灯，故应选A。

22．—Hey, Tom. ______ the waste paper and throw it into the bin. You can't throw it here.

—Sorry.

A. Take up B. Pick up C. Make up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：--- 你好，Tom。请捡起废纸，把它扔进垃圾桶。你不能把它扔在这儿。--- 对不起。根据句意，结合短语区别：take up,占用时间，空间；pick up，捡起；make up，化妆，组成。故答案为：B.

23．— Did you have fun camping on that hill?

— Actually not. It's not easy to find a suitable place to _______ our tents.

A. give up B. put up C. turn up D. stay up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——你在山上野营玩得开心吗？ ——实际上不是。找一个合适的地方搭帐篷是不容易的。A. give up放弃；B. put up张贴; 举起，建造；C. turn up出现; 翻起; 开大；D. stay up熬夜。搭帐篷用put up tents表示。结合句意，故答案为B。 【点评】考查短语动词。掌握短语的意义和用法。

24．According to my brother, fishing is an excellent hobby to_______.

A. pick up B. take up C. put up D. turn up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：根据我哥哥的说法，钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。A.pick up捡起；B.take up从事；C.put up张贴；D.turn up出现。根据take up a hobby从事一种爱好，故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语动词。牢记动词短语。

25．—Mum, shall I leave today's homework till tomorrow?

—Better not, dear. Never ___________ what you can do today till tomorrow.

A. put on B. put out C. put off D. put up 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我要把尽头的作业留到明天吗？——最好不要，亲爱的。不要把今天能做的事留到明天。put on穿上，put out扑灭；put off推迟，put up张贴，我们不能把今天的事推迟到明天是常识，故选C。 【点评】此题考查动词短语。注意每个短语的意思。

26．A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed speech time. A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：为了提醒学生们改变演讲时间，学校贴了一张通知。A.sent up射出；B.given up放弃；C.set up建立；D.put up张贴；主语是a notice，张贴广告用动词词组put up，故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语辨析。牢记短语词义和用法。

27．Kelly doesn't _______ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face.

A. look after B. think about C. take after D. worry about 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲，她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有一个方的脸。A.look after照顾，B.think about考虑，C.take after长得像，D.worry about担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像，可知空缺处填入长起来像，take after，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语动词，注意take after的用法。

28．It's not a good habit to _______what you can do today till tomorrow. A. take off B. put off C. get off 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：把今天能做的事推迟到明天去做不是一个好习惯。A脱掉，B推迟，C下车，根据 what you can do today till tomorrow ， 可知是推迟，故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据what you can do today till tomorrow的语境选择合适的用法。

29．It's very hot. But I think it's impolite to _____ your clothes in public. A. set off B. turn off C. take off D. get off 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：天气虽然很热。但我认为当众脱衣服是不礼貌的。A. set off 动身；B. turn off 关上；C. take off 脱掉；D. get off 下车。根据 it's impolite to 可知是脱衣服，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 it's impolite to的语境选择合适的用法。

30．The company wants to a school for the poor children．

A. put off B. set up C. call in D. look after 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。put off推迟；延期；set up建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。