新概念一Lesson113-114

Lesson 113-114 Small change 零钱

Key words [词汇]

conductor n. 售票员 fare n. 车费，车票

change v. 兑换 note n. 纸币

passenger n. 乘客 none pron. 没有任何东西

neither adv. 也不 get off 下车

tramp n. 流浪汉 except prep. 除…外

★change v. 兑换

① v. 兑换

I want to change the pounds into dollars.

Could you change me a one-pound note, please? 能否请你换一镑的零钱给我？

② v. 改变；更改

He changed his mind at last.

This plan is to change the desert into farmland. 这个计划是要将沙漠变为农田。

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③ v. 交换；改换

Shall we change our seats?

You’ve got to change your bus at the next stop. 你得在下一站换车。

★none pron. 没有任何东西

none代词，可与可数名词连用，也可与不可数名词连用。

None of our passengers can change this note.

none在句中通常单独使用：

I bought none. 我没买什么东西。

no形容词，在句中一般修饰别的名词

no= not…any

not否定副词

I have got some envelops.

I haven’t got any envelops.

I have got no envelops.

I have got none.

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★except prep. 除……外（不包括）(着重于“排除之外”)

The shop is open everyday expect Sunday.

I like him except when he’s gloomy. 除了他满脸阴沉的时候之外，我挺喜欢他。

besides prep. 除……之外（包括）（着重“另外还有”）

There are three girls besides two doys.

Key structures

Haven't you got any small change? I've got no small change, I am afraid.

I haven't got any either. Neither can I. You must get off the bus.

Text

1．I can't change a ten-pound note. 我找不开 10英镑的钞票。

这里 change是动词，意为“兑换”。change还可作名词，意为“零钱”，如课文中的 I've got no small change, I'm afraid。此外，no +名词表示所指的东西全然没有。以上这句话比 I haven't got any small change更强调没有任何一点儿零钱。

2．I've got none．我没有。

这里指零钱（不可数名词）。none也可与可数名词连用

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None of our passengers can change this note.

我们的乘客中没有一个能破开这张钞票的。

none在句中通常单独使用

3．Except us．我们俩除外。

意思是：除了我们，他们都是百万富翁。

四、Grammar focus

1. as...as/ not as/so…as 像…一样；不像…一样

例：The green apple is as sweet as the red one.

The green apple isn’t as sweet as the red one.

2. 多音节形容词或副词的比较级

pleasantly – more pleasantly – the most pleasantly

注意：less/the lease的形式

例：This book is interesting.

That book is less interesting.

That one is the least interesting book. I have ever read.

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3. no, not, none与not…any

（1）none是一个代词，意思为一个都没有。能构成句子的成分，不能直接做定语（修饰名词使用）。如果修饰名词，则用none of，比如课文中：

None of our passengers can change this note. 我们之中没有人能兑开这张纸币。

（2）no是一个形容词，用来修饰名词。起强调作用。= not…any

例：I’ve not got any small change. = I’ve got no small change. 我没有任何的零钱。

（3）not 一个最基础的购成否定句的简单副词。以下三者的用法相似：

例：I have got some envelopes.

I haven’t got any envelopes.

I have got on envelopes.

I’ve got none.

4. 省略回答与倒装

以so或neither开头的简短回答，必须用倒装形式。Neither 用于否定；So 用于肯定。

句式：肯定句：So+助动词+主语 否定句：Neither+助动词+主语

假如前一句是肯定的，后一句就用so开头；如前一句是否定的，后一句则用neither/nor开头。前后两句的时态要一致。

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例：I’m going to swim tomorrow. 我明天打算去游泳。 So am I. 我也是。

I’ve never been to Paris. 我从没去过巴黎。So has Tom。汤姆也是。

I don’t like vegetables. 我不喜欢蔬菜。Neither dose he. 他也是。

I can’t speak English. 我不会说英语。Neither can I. 我也是。

五、Background knowledge 练习答案 Key to written exercises

A

1 There are no books on that shelf.

2 I have got no money.

3 There is no coffee in this tin.

4 I saw no cars in the street.

B

1 No, I haven't got any milk.

I've got no milk. I've got none.

六、Recite the dialogue

Lesson 114

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2 No, I haven't got any envelopes.

I've got no envelopes. I've got none.

3 No, I haven't got any magazines.

I've got no magazines. I've got none.

4 No, I haven't got any bread.

I've got no bread. I've got none.

C

1 Neither am I. I'm not hungry, either.

2 Neither did I. I didn't meet him, either.

3 Neither was I. I wasn't at church yesterday, either.

4 Neither do I. I don't like ice cream, either

5 Neither can I. I can't swim, either.

6 Neither am I. I'm not a doctor, either.

D

1 So am I. I' m hungry, too.

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2 So did I. I met him, too.

3 So was I. I was at church yesterday, too.

4 So do I. like ice cream, too.

5 So can I. I can swim, too.

6 So am I. I'm a doctor, too.

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