2) on occasion 4) In retrospect 6) phenomena 8) make up for 10) exception 12) promote 14) in due course
1) There is a striking contrast between the standard of living in the north of the country and the south.
2) Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3) The city's importance as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4) His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
5) The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines.
3. 1) Chinese isn't a subject that can be picked up in a month. You can't accomplish your goal of mastering the language unless you work at it for years. Well, it sounds as if I'm exaggerating the difficulties, but the fact is I'm only telling the truth. 2) The principal is somewhat disappointed with the performance of the children. From what she has gathered, some of the teaching staff have neglected their pupils. She has just announced that strict work regulations have been made and that they apply to both Chinese and overseas teachers. 3) The teacher-directed and the child-directed approaches to teaching art represent two extremes of opinion. Too many teacher-directed activities cannot be expected to effectively assisLchildren in learning because of the rigid structure. On the other hand, too many child-directed activities may see a curriculum that is totally unstructured and out of control. There are valid reasons to believe a teacher-guided approach would be a superior way
Appendix I - 95 -
to guide children's development. This approach combines some form of structure with the child leading the direction. II. Confusable Words 1.
1) continual 3) continual 2
1) principal 3) principle 5) principal 2) continuous 4) continuous 2) principal 4) principles III. Usage
1. themselves3. herself/by herself/on her own5. ourselves 2. himself/herself4. itself6. yourself/by yourself/on your own Structure
1. 1) Simon's ill — so much so that he can't get out of bed.
2) She herself believed in freedom, so much so that she would rather die than live without it.
3) Piles of work have kept us busy — so much so that we can't manage to take a holiday this year.
4) Many contestants later failed drug tests, so much so that the race had to be rerun.
2. 1) Assuming (that) this painting really is a Picasso 2) Assuming (that) the proposal is accepted
3) assuming, of course, that she's prepared to listen 4) Even assuming (that) smokers do see the health warnings Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)
1. contrast 2. exaggerating3. priority 4. on the other hand 5.promoting 6. pick up 7. assist 8. accomplish 9. on occasion 10. neglecting 11. worthwhile 12. superior (B)
1. to 2. affect/influence 3. others 4. each/them 5. without 6. controlled7. about 8. value 9. They 10. little 11. right 12. but 13. in 14. what 15. worth 16. and II. Translation
I consider it worthwhile trying to summarize our experience in learning English. Here I would like to make three relevant points. First, wide reading should be taken as a priority in the learning process, because it is through reading that we get the most language input. Next, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. On the one hand, rote learning/learning by rote is indeed of little help, but on the other hand, memorization/learning by heart with a good understanding will certainly be of benefit/do good to us. With an enormous store of excellent essays in our heads, we will find it much easier to express ourselves in English. Finally, it is critical that we should put what we have learned into practice. By doing more reading, writing, listening and speaking, we will be able to accomplish the task of perfecting our English. Part III TextB Comprehension Check 1. c 2. c 3. d 4. a 5. c 6. b
Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks Model paper
How I Learn at College
I went to school in a small town near Chengdu and now I am studying law at Fudan University in Shanghai. Passing from one to the other you have to get used to many new things, not the least being the different way of learning.
At school I found my timetable full throughout the day. One lesson came close on the heels of
another with little time to call one's own. At university, in contrast, only a few hours of each day are
taken up with classes or lectures. In the time made available you are expected to learn on your own.
When and where is up to you. At the same time what you are meant to learn shifts from memorizing
masses of facts to developing an ability to understand theories and present arguments. There are, of
course, still facts to be learned. One should not exaggerate the differences. Nevertheless, learning at
university certainly teaches me greater self-reliance and to think for myself. Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) local 3) deserved 5) system 7) remote 2) headlines 4) folks 6) steer clear of 8) get away with Appendix I
9) open up 10) hold to 11) retire 12) rally 13) reserved 14) qualify 15) cultivate
2. 1) These serious problems deserve careful consideration in restructuring our educational sys- tems.
2) The college is liable to stop her scholarship because of her failure in the final examination.
3) San Francisco is, by all accounts, a city easy to fall in love with.
4) Snow White received such bad treatment from her step-mother that she had to flee from her home.
5) The United States, Canada, and Mexico make up North America.
3. 1) The principal's daughter didn't receive special treatment from her teachers. She was re- warded for her excellent performance. When she graduated from high school in 1998, she had straight A's and scholarship offers from some of the most famous universities in the country.
2) Our boss is fully aware that his employees feel a lot of loyalty to the company because they are treated right. Besides a handsome pay check and a stock option, he has laid down a system under which employees are granted stock for their retirement.
3) You are liable to be offered a discount or a reduction on things you buy at the local supermarket on weekends.
II. Collocation
1. about 3. at/on 5. with 7. from 2. for 4. into 6. to 8. with III. Usage
1. a savings account 3. a goods train 5. a sales tax 7. a current affairs program 2. arms race
4. communications equipment 6. a customs officer 8. a clothes shop
Appendix I - 101 -
Struclurc
1. 1) Only by rewarding success can you bring out the best in your employees. 2) Only by working at evenings and weekends was Mary able to complete the report by the deadline.
3) Only when I myself became a mother did I realize the value of my parents' advice.
4) Only after they had finished watching the football game did they begin to prepare for the math examination.
2. 1) The young woman described to the policemen the way the man ran up to her and grabbed the bag from her hand.
2) All the people working for Sam Walton admire the way he manages Wal-Mart and the way he treats his employees.
3) The neighbors were disgusted at the way he talked to his old father. 4) It's amazing the way the eight-year-old boy managed to stay so calm when he faced the emergency.
Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze
(A)1. cheerful3. executive5. reward7. loyalty9. qualified 11. folks
(B)1. from3. spent5. through7. built9. led/lived11. millionaires 13. answer 15. by
2. threw his weight around 4. treatment 6. cultivate 8. stock 10. scholarships 12. local 2. their 4. away 6. to 8. who 10. it 12. then 14. wealth 16. character II. Translation
George was on the run since the moment he came aboard. He was always cheerful and devoted himself heart and soul to his work. Because of his excellent performance he was promoted to CEO. From then on he tried hard to blend in with the workers and never threw his weight around. He also laid down/ introduced a reward system to encourage the workers to work hard. He believed that loyalty and hard work would greatly contribute to the success of the company. By all accounts he was an outstanding chief executive officer. Part III TextB Comprehension Check l.c 3. a 5. d 2. b 4. d 6. c Language Practice
1. replace 2. take ... on 3. selected 4. involved 5. conducted 6. range 7. additional 8. tremendous 9. confronted 10. call... in 11. crisis 12.
naturally 13. resolve 14. related 15. appeals to 16. former 17. In the opinion of 18. of their choice 19. factors 20. project
Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks Model paper Informal invitation
1324 ShuiDian Road Shanghai 200434 21/11/01 Dear Tom,
I'm having a party to celebrate my birthday in a couple of weeks time on Saturday 2nd December, starting at seven. It would be lovely if you could make it, please let me know whether you can or not. Best wishes, Bob
Informal acceptance
Dear Bob,
I'd love to come to your party then. Bye for now, Tom
- 104 - Appendix I Informal regrets
Dear Bob,
and help celebrate your birthday. Look forward seeing you
to
I'd love to come to your party but unfortunately I've
already agreed to make a visit to
my
you have a lovely
relatives in Suzhou that weekend and won't be able away. 3ut I to get
birthday and that we can get together some time soon. All the best, Tom Unit 3 Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) swallow 2) dumb 3) Overall 4) glorious 5) welfare 6) repeatedly 7) interference 8) fading 9) junior 10) frank 11) distract 12) at any rate 13) has narrowed down 14) in unison 15) has come over
hope
2. 1) The security council consists of five generals and four police officers. 2) The new hotel will be in a location overlooking the lake.
Appendix I - 109 -
3) I was embarrassed by her comments about my clothes. 4) Do you have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer? 5) The boy was exhausted after the long cycle ride.
3. 1) That exceptional stamp was handed down by your grandfather , and is worth a fortune. You should have known better than to trade it for a few drinks. 2) Company executives are always looking out for talented college graduates to hire as junior employees. 3) The doctor in charge of his case asked him to fill out one form after another, but kept him in suspense as to what they were for. II. Collocation
1. adequate 2. anxious 3. certain 4. content 5. crazy 6. likely 7. fortunate 8. keen III. Usage
1. be admitted 2. live 3. be postponed 4. buy
5. be banned 6. be Structure
1. 1) I do whatever I can 2) Whatever does that mean 2. 3) Whatever had happened 4) Whatever it is that you like 3. 1) You ought to know better than to go swimming right after lunch.
2) Aunt Betty certainly knows better than to invest all her money in one company's stock.
3) Jenny is old enough to know better than to spend all her time playing computer games.
4) Allen should have known better than to lend such a large sum of money to that untrustworthy cousin of his. ► ■ ■ Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)
1. welfare 2. constant
- 110 - Appendix I
3. frank 5. embarrassing 7. repeatedly 9. interference 11. Overall (B) 1. send 3. picture 5. as 7. too 9. But 11. from 13. jacket 15. never II. Translation
4. talent 6. dumb 8. constant 10. bet 12. trade 2. should 4. His 6. worse 8. consider 10. However 12.it 14. after
George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, and the noise interrupted the sleep of other residents in the community. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking. Embarrassed. Mr. Johnson scolded his son: \"What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for the sake of your own interest.\" As a result George traded his records for computer games software from his classmates. Overall. the whole thing has worked out quite satisfactorily. Part III TextB Comprehension Check
l.d 2. a 3. b 4. c 5.d 6. b Translation (#ja Appendix III)
Appendix I -111- Language Practice 1. sake 3. aware 5. mood 7. polished off 9. legal 11. justify 13. disturbs 15. look forward to 17. have ... to yourself 19. for her sake
2. acknowledged 4. embraced 6. to the contrary 8. beneath 10. rare 12. define 14. notion 16. respond 18. Let go of 20. contrary
Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks Model paper
Mother: Nancy, you've been home from school for three days now. Why don't you clean up your room?
Nancy: We don't have to clean up our rooms at school.
Mother: That's all very well, Nancy. But while you're at home, your Dad and I would like you to
keep your room clean.
Nancy: What difference does it make? It's my room.
Mother: That's as may be, but you might give a thought to your father. He's frightened to death of
the plague and now says if it is going to start anywhere in the country, it's going to start in your room.
Nancy: Mother, you people aren't interested in anything that's relevant. Do you realize how the
major corporations are polluting our environment?
Mother: Your father and I are very worried about it. But right now we're more concerned with the pollution in your room.
Nancy: For heaven's sake, Mother, I'm grown up now. Why do you have to treat me like a child? Mother: We're not treating you like a child. But it's very hard for us to think of you as an adult when
you go round throwing all your clothes on the floor.
unit4
Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) conversely 3) but then 5) spitting 7) tone 9) editing 11) Internet 13) stretched 15) angles 2. 1) The sight of teenagers smoking cigarettes jars on me.
2) I turned on the TV just to relax a little bit after a heavy dinner, but soon I found myself getting sucked in by the fascinating plot of a science fiction film.
3) Jeffrey's computer crashed again this morning. The manager has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.
4) During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fled their country to avoid military service. Or: During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fled to other countries to avoid military service.
5) The new government is planning an anti-corruption campaign so as to restore people's confidence in it.
3. 1) The traditional school will never go away, but the virtual classroom is playing a more and more important role. Obviously, the online student relies on the computer. To get started, he must have his computer hooked up to the Internet through a phone line and modem. To be successful, he must keep up with the class and complete all work on time. Once he gets behind, it is almost impossible to catch up.
2) When the economy slows down, the worst nightmare for an employee is losing his job. In addition to money problems, the emotional stress is hard to bear. Hunting for a job is now the daily routine of many workers like Henry Smith. He fills out applications and writes resumes and submits them to various companies, expecting an interview. But in times of rising unemployment, even job interviews are hard to get. He takes great care not to miss any appointment, for if he missed it, it would be all but impossible to arrange for another one. 3) \"The dot.com bubble has burst. Venture capitalists have become cautious in putting more Appendix I - 115
money into the IT industry and small investors are taking their cue,\" said the chairman in his concluding speech. It is clear from these remarks that the ever-optimistic economist has changed his tune. II. Collocation
1. We came here all the way on foot.
2. Private cars are not allowed on campus. 3. They are on vacation in Florida.
4. Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour. 5. Don't worry, Lucy is always on time. 6. Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise. III. Usage
l.hard 2. difficult 3. impossible 4. tough 5. hard 6. easy Structure
1. 1) Anyone who has talked with him will see Mark is a person of remarkable intelligence. 2) The book is of no value to one who is not familiar with the subject. 3) She is a woman of wealth. She never has to worry about money.
4) In today's job market, basic skills in computer science and foreign languages are of great importance.
2. 1) you will find yourself penniless in a month. 2) he found himself lying in a hospital ward
3) she found herself faced with the toughest job she had ever taken 4) Susan found herself in a trap from which she could not escape. Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A)
1. Internet 2. click 3. nightmare 4. sucked 5. email 6. rely
7. communicating 9. At times 11. on line (B) 1. between 3. to
8. emotional 10. flee 2. The 4. away
5. on 7. enables 9. reach 11. because 13. does 15. making 17. Nor
II. Translation
6. work 8. local 10. benefits 12. provides/brings 14. in 16. with 18. virtual
Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frus-trating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret. Language Practice
1. vehicle 2. hooked on 3. intense 4. communication 5. worldwide 6. overnight 7. individual 8. slipped 9. version 10. on the whole 11. called forth 12. outwards 13. acquaintances 14. Needless to say
15. to my knowledge 16. On top of that 17. innocent 18. tendencies 19. plot 20. Scattered Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks Model paper
The Internet Will Not Isolate Us from One Another
Since I bought a computer last month, a new world has opened up before me, a world that reaches far beyond my immediate surroundings.
Every morning, the first thing I do after opening my eyes is to access the Internet to look at the top news stories of the day. In the evening, I will again sit by my computer and roam the world. The Internet brings me live World Cup football games and the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center. It also enables me to communicate with my friends via email. The other day I got a message from an old classmate whom I hadn't heard from for years. She got my email address just by searching the website of my university! In addition to helping us keep up old ties, it also brings me new friends with whom I meet virtually in chat rooms. We exchange views on topics of interest and pour our hearts out to one another like intimate friends.
So, instead of isolating us from one another, the Internet serves to shorten or eliminate distance, and helps to bring friends closer.
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