英语：语法——比较级与最高级用法总结

比较级的相关用法；

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1．一般单音节词和少数以-est；（1）单音节词

small →smaller →smallest tall →

taller

→tallest

short →shorter →　shortest great →　greater →greatest

-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加

-er，最高级在后面加

（2）双音节词

clever →cleverer →cleverest

narrow →narrower →narrowest

-st；

2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加

large →larger →　largest nice →nicer →nicest

able →abler →ablest

3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加高级加-est；

big →bigger →biggest fat →fatter →fattest

4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，

把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；hot →hotter →hottest

-er，最

easy →easier →easiest busy →busier →busiest5．其他双音节词和多音节词，

heavy →heavier →heaviest happy →happier →happiest

比较级在前面加

more，最高级在前面加

most；

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beautiful →more beautiful →most beautiful

different →more different → most different easily →

more easily →

most easily

the，副词最高级前可不用。

注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词

The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

（2）形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示\"非常\"。

It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。good/well →better →best old →older/ elder →oldest/eldest

bad/ill →worse →worst many/much →more →most

little →less →least far →further/fartherfurthest/farthest→　

修饰比较级和最高级的词

1. far用于比较级之前，加强语气；

It is far colder today than yesterday . 2. by far

最高级之前，加强语气；

放在前面时，则常需在比较级之前

用来强调比较级，放在比较级之后；

加上定冠词the .

The Pacific is by far the largest ocean in the world . The old woman became better by far .

Riding a bicycle is by far the easier than driving a car .

3.very 与

much 区别联系；

very ，不用much .

1）. 修饰形容词或副词的原级用

In his early childhood , Einstein did not seem to be very bright . 在童年时代，爱因斯坦似乎不很聪明。

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2）.修饰动词时，应用much ，不用very ，但可用very much 。

I don’t like football much (very much ). 我不很喜欢踢足球。3）.much放在形容词或副词的比较级之前，起强调作用；或修饰形容词或副词的最高级，放在定冠词very 修饰形容词的最高级，放在定冠词

the 之前; the 之后;

It is much hotter today than (it was ) yesterday . 今天比昨天热得多。

Mr. Smith is much the best teacher in the school .

Mr. Smith is the very best teacher in the school . 史密斯先生是该学校最好的老师。

典型例题;

----I hear your aunt likes travel ,music , clothes and fine food . ----Oh , Yeah, and music may have been A. the rather more respectable C. very the most respectable

of her tastes .

B. much the most respectable D. even more respectable

[B]

4.比较级前面不能再加more important.

more了,more只能和原级形容词构成比较级.

5. a lot, lots , a great deal 修饰比较级，表示程度，词组中不带of .

6. rather 一词与比较级及too连用，fairly / quite 则不能。

7. a little , a bit, a few , slightly 稍微，一些，一点,比较级前起强调作用。

This kind of bicycle is slightly more expensive than that kind . 8. even , much , still , yet 甚至，更，还要；比较级前起强调作用，That job is so easy , and this job is yet easier . 9. some , any 也可以修饰比较级；

some常用于肯定的陈述句以及表示建议或邀请的疑问

句；any 常用于否定句，疑问句，条件句中。

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-----Is he any better？

------Yes . He is some better today .

10.用分数，百分数，倍数或时间，长度的名词词组来修饰比较级，可确切表示比较程度。

He is one inch taller than I .

Our classroom is two feet wider than theirs . 11. much more +不可数名词than ---;

many more + 可数名词

than ----

比较级作定语修饰名词

He has made more progress this year than he did last year . more 句中是much 的比较级，作不可数名词多”就要用much 来强调。

I have many more books than you .

It takes many more hours to go by train from Beijing to Nanjing than to Tianjin.

progress 的定语，若要说“比去年进步大得

比较级作定语修饰可数名词，more 是many的比较级，若强调，就用many 来加强语气。

典型例题

1）---- Are you feeling ____? A. any well

B. any better

---- Yes，I'm fine now. C. quite good

D. quite better

答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.

2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much 答案C. much可修饰比较级，因此因此C为正确答案。

3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school. A. the happiest time pier time [D]

B. a more happier time

C. much happiest time

D. a much hap

D. more much B,C都说得通，但

easier本身已是比较级，不需

more，

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4.------- Look , I have got a rare stamp here . It cost me two hundred dollars .

------Oh , I have a rarer one ; my uncle gave it to me as a birthday gift .

A. much B. yet C. very D. more [B]

比较级和最高级的用法

1.两者相比（甲=乙），用“as+原级+as”表示Tom is as tall as Mike.2.两者相比（甲〈

乙），用“not as(so) +原级+as”或“less than”表示

I didn’do t my homework so(as) carefully as you.The picture is less attractive than that one.3.两者相比（甲〉乙），用

“比较级+than”表示

Our city is more beautiful than any other city in our country.注意：1) 为了避免重复，在从句中常用

one, that, those等词来代替前面提过的名词。

The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.

The radios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.

4比较级前一般不用冠词，但若表示“两者中较……时”，比较级前要加定冠词。

若比较级后有名词，常在比较级前加不定冠词，表示泛指。He is the taller of the two.他是两者中较高的一个

How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.她唱得真动听！我可从未听过比这更好的嗓音了。

5在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式

Who is taller, Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?

6.no more ---than ---和---都不，和---一样部（都不好）

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not more --- than ---不及/不比---更---（都好）级的代替词

注意；more 为adj./adv. 比较

Tom is no more hard-working than Mike .一样不用功。（都不用功）

Tom is not more hard-working than Mike .Tom 不比Mike更用功。（俩人都用功）

(2019陕西.7) Though he started late , Mr. Guo played the piano as well as ,if ____, Miss Liu.

A. not better than B. not better

C. no better than D. no better

[A]

7. as +adj./ adv .+ as----;

many+可数名词

as +

much +不可数名词

+-------

adj +an/a +单数可数名词

You may borrow as many books as you can.

“Drink as much water as you can.”　the doctor said to him.read as many books as possible典型例题；

2019北京Our neighbour has ______ ours.

A. as a big house as C. the same big house as

B. as big a house as

D. a house the same big as [B]

8.表示倍数的比较级用法：

①. A is …times the size /height/length/wid

th of B.

The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。

(新楼是旧楼的四倍高

as B.

)

②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large

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Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)

③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider thanB.

Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。9.比较级+ and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”

It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 了。

It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.

春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和

我们的学校变得越来越美丽。

10.the +比较级……, the+比较级”-----. 表示“越……越……”这一句型表示前者和后者在程度上同样增加或减小，越

---越---；

这一句型的前半句是从句，后半句是主句，比较级可以是adj,也可是adv.

主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

The harder you work ,the greater progress you’ll make .

The more one has ,the more one wants .越有越贪（人欲无穷）

此结构可省略的成分较多。

The more ,the better .The sooner ,the better.

(2019.4.20/27)_____anxious and _____relaxed the learners,____ their language acquisition.

A. The less; much ;the better

B. Less ; more ; better

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C. More ; less ; worse D. The more ; less ; the worse [D]

比较级形式表示最高级含义1.

; 主语所描述的事物比其他任何一个都……

any other + 单数名词

all the other + 复数名词

主语+比较级

+ than

anyone else/ any + 名词+ else

any of the other + 复数名词

注意；比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。若主语与比较对象在统一范围内，必须加other / else ，以排除掉本身，若不在同一范围，则不需用

other / else.

Li Ming is much cleverer than any other student in their class.李明是班上最聪明的学生。

Shanghai is bigger than all the other cities in China . He jumps higher than anyone else in his class .

China is larger than any countries in Africa.中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。

2.not,never之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用，词语+ so…　as\" ，表示最高级，含义为：再没有比not / never -----+

a/ an + 比较级+单数名词

即；\"否定词语+比较级\"，或\"否定

…更…的了。

常在比较级前加不定冠词，表示泛指。

Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing.

It is not a better idea.这是再好不过的一个办法了。

I have never heard such an interesting story.我从没听过比这更有趣的故了。

No other book has a greater effect on my life.没有哪一本书比这本书对我的影响更大的了。

=This book has the greatest effect on my life.

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典型例题；

1.—Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?

--_____. I love getting close to nature.

A.I couldn’agree t more B. I’m afraid not. C.I believe notD.I don’t think so.[A]

2. China is larger than A. any country

in Asia .

C. any country else D. any counties else [C]

B. any other counties

3. How beautifully she sang ! I have never heard A. the better

B. a better

C. the best

D. a best [B]

song .

3.would rather…than“”prefer, …to…”“prefer , to do…rather than…”这三个句型表示“宁愿…而不愿…；喜欢…胜过…；宁愿做…而不愿做…”含义。虽无比较级形式，但表示比较级含义。

He would rather die than give in.他宁死不屈。

He preferred to go out rather than stay home.他宁愿出去也不愿呆在家里。

4.形容词+to”结构也可表示比较含义

This kind of car is superior in quality to that.这种汽车的质量比那一种好得多

Li ping is three years senior to Liu Gang.李平比大三岁。三者或三者以上相比，表示最高级时，用示比较范围的介词短语。

Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works (the) hardest in his class.

That was the least exciting football game I’ve ever watched.This hotel is the most comfortable I’ve ever stayed.注意：当最高级的前面无限定词

the或有不定冠词

a/an时，仅表示“很……，非常……”

“the +最高级”的结构表示，这种句式一般常有表

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Monday is my busiest day. 星期一是我很忙的一天。

Qingdao is a most (very) beautiful coastal city.青岛是一个非常美丽的海滨城市。

最高级的特殊用法

1> \"…　+ be + one of the +最高级+复数名词\表示\"最……的……之一\"。

The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河流之一。

2> \"…+ be +the + 序数词+最高级+单数名词+ 范围\表示\"……是……．的第几…＂。

She is the second tallest student in our class. 她是我们班第二高的学生。

3> \"…　+ be + the 最高级~ that 某人have/ has ever + 过去分词\".

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