国家公共英语(四级)笔试模拟试卷256(题后含答案及解析)

国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷256 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. Use of English 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Writing

Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfe

PART ADirections: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.

听力原文：Buckingham Palace is in London, England. It was built around 1705. It’ s famous because Queen Elizabeth of England fives there. She became queen in 1952. Buckingham Palace is a big and beautiful building, a flag flies on the palace. It flies on top of the palace when the queen is there. Queen Elizabeth and her family lives on the second floor of the palace. The queen also has her office in the palace where she meets with presidents, kings, and politicians. Queen Elizabeth often asks some important people to have dinner at the palace. She also has three garden parties in the summer. She invites 9000 people to each party. Queen Elizabeth’ s day starts at 7:00 in the morning. Seven people take care of her. One person prepares her clothes. Another person takes care of her dogs. The queen loves dogs. Right now she has eight dogs. Everyday a man brings food for the dogs to Queen Elizabeth’ s room. The queen puts the food in the bowls with a silver spoon. At 8:30 every morning, the queen has breakfast with her husband, Prince Philip. They drink a special coffee with hot milk. During breakfast, a musician plays Scottish music outside. Then Queen Elizabeth works in her office the rest of the morning. After lunch, she visits hospitals or schools.

1．

正确答案：1952

2．

正确答案：summer

3．

正确答案：seven

4．

正确答案：breakfast

5．

正确答案：hospitals

PART BDirections: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below.

听力原文：W: Good afternoon, everyone. In the last of this series of High School Forum we are discussing the problem of unemployment and how it will change the lives of our audience. What’s the opinion of the young? Let’s ask our audience, John?Ml: Well, I’m going to study business at college. You see, I don’t think that the unemployment problem will get any better. I think it’ll probably get worse and I want a job. ..W: Do you think that business studies will help?Ml: Oh yes, it’ll definitely help; I mean, it’s very practical subject.W: Thank you, John. What are you going to do, Thomas?M2: I don’t know. You see, my brother left university four years ago and he still hasn’t found a job, so I don’t think he’ll stay here.W: So, where’ll he go?M2: Well, he’ll probably go to America. He says there are lots of jobs there. I think I’ll go with him. W: Thank you, Thomas. What about you, Steven? M3: I’m going to be a teacher.W: You sound very definite. Do you think unemployment will get better? M3: No, I don’t but there’ll always be jobs for teachers. You know, when people can’t find jobs, they stay on at school, so they’ll need teachers. W: Thank you, Steven. And you, Simon? M4: Well, I think the problem will get better. I don’t think we’ll ever have full employment again, but I think there will be more jobs in some subjects, like computers. W: So you want to work with computers? M4: Yes, I’m going to take a computer training course. I’ll probably start it this summer, and I’ll definitely get a job afterwards. W: That’s very good. Peter, you’re not so optimistic, are you?M5: Well, I won’t get a job, will I? It’s depressing. You know, my friends can’t find jobs now, and there’ll be even fewer jobs when I leave. W: Thank you, Peter.

6．

正确答案：business

解析：从对话中两个句子“Well，I’m going to study business at college．”和“Do youthink that business studies will help?”中可以判断他要学business。

7．

正确答案：America

解析：因为他哥哥找不到工作，所以“he’ll probably go to America．He says there arelots of jobs there．I think I’ll go with him．”，因此可知他也要去America。

8．

正确答案：be a teacher

解析：说他要成为老师，因为“I don’t but there’ll always be jobs for teachers．Youknow，when people can’t find jobs，they stay on at school，so they’ll need teachers．”。此处teacher重复多次，利于考生判断。

9．

正确答案：computer

解析：当问及什么工作前景较好时，Simon说“but I think there will be more jobs insome subjects，like computers．”，下文再次重复computer的信息。

10．

正确答案：It’s depressing

解析：整篇短文在讨论失业问题，所以最后问Peter对找工作有何看法时，Peter说“It’s depressing．You know，my friends can’t find jobs now，and there’ll be even fewer jobs when I leave．”，因此答案是It’s depressing。

PART CDirections: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

听力原文： Poe was born in Boston in 1809. He attended the University of Virginia, where he was a distinguished student and developed his lifelong taste for liquor. Afterward, he enlisted in the U. S. Army and rose to the rank of sergeant major. He was expelled from West Point after a year, loosing his hopes of becoming a career officer. Poe started publishing his poetry and stories in the early 1830s and pursued a career in journalism to ensure some sort of financial security. In 1843, he published several works, including “The Tell-Tale Heart” and “The Gold Bug”, which won a $ 100 prize in a contest sponsored by the Philadelphia Dollar Newspaper. The story made Poe famous with the fiction-reading public. His poem “The Raven”, which appeared in the New York Evening Mir-ror in January 1845, was a critical and commercial success. Along with “To Helen” and “Annabel Lee”, “The Raven” is considered one of Poe’s finest poems. “The Fall of the House of Usher” and “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” are arguably two of his best short stories. But both Poe’s

and his wife Virginia’s poor health kept the pair in financial and emotional distress. Poe died in 1849.

11． When did Poe start publishing his poetry and stories and pursue a career in journalism?

A．In the early 1810s. B．In the early 1820s. C．In the early 1830s. D．In the early 1840s.

正确答案：C

解析：问题是“Poe何时开始发表诗歌和故事，并在新闻业谋求职业?”，正确答案是“1830s”，其依据是“Poe started publishing his poetry and stories in the early 1830s andpursued a career in journalism to ensure some sort of financial security．”

12． How old was he when Poe died? A．30 B．40 C．50 D．60

正确答案：B 解析：问题是“Poe在去世时是几岁?”，正确答案是“40岁”，其依据是“Poe was born inBoston in 1809．”和“Poe died in 1849．”，由此判断，Poe在世40年。

13． Which is not considered as Poe’s finest poems? A．To Helen B．Annabel Lee C．The Raven

D．The Tell-Tale Heart

正确答案：D 解析：问题是“哪一首不被认为是Poe最好的诗歌?”，正确答案是“‘The Tell—TaleHeart’”，其依据是“Along with‘To Helen’and‘Annabel Lee，’‘The Raven’is considered one of Poe’s finest poems．”。这一题可以采取排除法进行判断。

听力原文：Questions 14 — 16 are based on a report about the death rate from influenza. The death rate from influenza rose markedly in the 1990’s, federal scientists reported. The explanation, they said, is that a greater proportion of the population is elderly and thus particularly susceptible to flu. There was an average of 36,000 flu deaths a year in the 1990’s as compared to 20,000 a year in previous decades, the investigators, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Ninety percent of influenza deaths were in people 65 and older, said Dr. Keiji Fukuda, the principal

researcher for the study. But Dr. Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the virus was especially deadly in people over 85, who might be up to 32 times more likely than those 65 to 69 to die from a flu infection. The researchers also concluded that there were large numbers of deaths among the elderly from another virus, respiratory syncytial virus, known as R. S. V. As many as 78 percent of the 11,000 people who died from R. S. V. each year were 65 and older, the researchers concluded. In an editorial accompanying the paper, Dr. David M. Morens of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said that many people who were particularly vulnerable to influenza did not get flu vaccines, the only method of preventing the disease. Many mistakenly believe that the vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give them the flu. Over the last few years, Dr. Fukuda said, just 65 percent to 67 percent of people 65 and older were immunized. Even when they do get the vaccine, he added, it is less effective in the elderly than it is in younger people. And there is no vaccine to protect against R. S. V. Dr. Morens was not optimistic about the immediate future. The best hope, he said, is for improved flu vaccines and a vaccine for R. S. V. But for now, he said, doctors must do a better job of persuading older people to be vaccinated.

14． How many flu deaths a year in the 1990’s? ______ A．20,000. B．26,000. C．30,000. D．36,000.

正确答案：D

解析：问题是“在90年代，有多少人死于流感?”正确答案是“三万六千”，其依据是“There was an average of 36，000 flu deaths a year in the 1990’s as compared to 20，000 ayear in previous decades…．”。在同一句中出现了两个数字，分别表示90年代和80年代死于流感的人数，要注意辨析。

15． Dr. Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the virus was especially deadly in people over

A．55 B．65 C．75 D．85

正确答案：D

解析：问题是“Dr．Fukuda和他的同事报道说，病毒对于多大年纪以上的人最为致命?”正确答案是“85岁”，其依据是‘‘But Dr．Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the viruswas especially deadly in people over 85…．”容易混淆的是“65岁”，这是受感染最多的年龄段。

16． According to the report, which of the following sentences is true? ______ A．The only method of preventing the disease is to get flu vaccines.

B．Dr. Morens was optimistic about the immediate future.

C．As many as 87 percent of the 11,000 people who died from R. S. V. each year were 65 and older.

D．The vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give people the flu.

正确答案：A

解析：问题是“根据报道，以下哪一句是正确的?”正确答案是“防止疾病的惟一办法是注射感冒疫苗”，其依据是“．．．get flu vaccines，the only method of preventing thedisease．”

听力原文：M: I think that intermarriage is a good idea. After all, we are living in a cosmopolitan country. We have so many different races living together peacefully, don’t we? It is nothing new to us, and I feel that intermarriage will work out.W: Personally, I feel that it is not a very sound idea. It is difficult tor two people of entirely different religions to live and share a life together. They will face so many problems that it would be better if they don’t get married in the first place. M: Of course there will be problems. Even two people of the same religion have problems. It is the same in this case, except that it will be slightly more difficult, I guess.W: I agree with you, Henry. Naturally, there will be arguments and personal differences. Marriage thrives on a give-and-take policy, so a couple will have to learn to adapt to each other’s customs and traditions.M: That’s right. Married people should be more tolerant towards each other and be willing to learn about each other’s religion. Only then can understanding and acceptance be achieved ultimately.W: You talk as if it were very simple. It isn’t, you know. I should know, as I am a child of a mixed marriage.M: All right, you tell us why it is not such a good idea.W: You see, Henry, it depends on the individuals concerned. If two people of different religions marry, they should be prepared for the consequences. It is only after marriage that the vast differences in the cultures begin to show. Little things, from food and clothes to bigger aspects like religious beliefs, tend to clash, leading eventually to a rift. Besides, this will be either personal pride or the reluctance to accept the other’s views. It may lead to a big gap between the parents, and their children may suffer a lot in between.M: You have a point there, but I can also tell you of several such couples who are living happily together.W: I suppose that you are right. Intermarriage can lead to happiness or sorrow, depending on how it is handled.

17． Which word may best describe two speakers’ positions on intermarriage? A．Comparison B．Contrast C．Causality D．Bias

正确答案：B

解析：归纳题。关于跨文化、籍的婚姻话题，男女交谈一开始就有不同意见。男的认为是个好主意，女的则认为不合适，所以答案选B。此题的关键要

理解sound(合理的、好的)的意思。

18． Why does marriage usually thrive concerning customs and traditions? A．On a give-and-take policy B．Beyond a give-and-take policy

C．In the manner of each other’s adaptation D．Due to religious beliefs

正确答案：A

解析：因果题，夫妻间应该互相妥协，这是维持良好夫妻关系的根本。

19． The cultural differences arise______. A．at the wedding

B．before intermarriage C．after people get married D．until recently

正确答案：C 解析：参见“It is only after marriage that the vast differences in the cultures begin toshow．”，可知C符合题意。

20． What negative effects may the intermarriage most probably cause? A．A quick divorce B．Cultural shock

C．A big gap between parents and children D．Much suffering in children’s minds

正确答案：D

解析：通婚或许导致父母之间的巨大隔阂，他们的子女也许夹在中间受害，所以D是正确答案。

Section II Use of English (15 minutes)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Even plants can run a fever, especially when they are under attack by insects or diseases. But 21 humans, plants can have their temperature 22 from 3,000 feet away— straight up. A decade ago, 23 the infrared(红外线的)scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley 24 a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine 25 ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmer 26 target pesticide spraying 27 rain poison on a whole field, which 28 include plants that don’t have the pest problem. Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became 29 to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet 30 , an infrared scanner

measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were 31 into a color-coded map showing 32 plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spot spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they 33 would. The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers 34 the new technology and long-term backers were hard 35 But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to 36 into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used 37 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,” says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks 38 infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But 39 Paley finds the financial backing 40 he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

21． A．as B．with C．like D．unlike

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语法题，unlike介词，根据下文，植物的体温可以从3，000英尺外被测到，绝对不同于人类，故选项[D]unlike正确。其他选项；[A]as，[B] with和[C]like均不符合题意。

22． A．taken B．take C．took D．taking

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语法题，have one’s temperature taken表示“量体温”，其他选项：[B]take，[C]took和[D]taking均不符合被动语态的用法。全句可译为：不过，与人有所不同的是，植物的体温可以从3，000英尺以外的高空测到。

23．

A．adopted B．adopting C．adapted D．adapting

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。adopt表示“采纳，收养，接受”，如：adopt a method／suggestions。该处需要一个动词与宾语the infrared scanning technology

搭配，故选项[B]adopting正确。选项[C]adapt表示“使适应，改编”，常与介词to／for连用，例如：adapt oneself to hot weather。

24．

A．put up with B．came up to C．came up with D．stood up to

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。come up with表示“想出(计划，答案，回答)”，如：He couldn’t come up with an answer when I asked him why he was late．原句需要与宾语aquick way搭配的短语动词，故选项[C]came up with正确。选项[A]put up with表示“忍耐，忍受”；选项[B]come up to表示“达到标准，等于”；选项[D]stand up to表示“勇敢地抵抗”。

25． A．whose B．which C．what D．where

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语法题，在四个选项中，只有which可以放在ones前面，意指哪一些植物，故选项[B]which正确。全句可译为：十年前，物理学家佩利采用军用红外扫描技术为测量植物体温找到了一个快捷方式，从而可以确定哪些植物正受着病虫害的威胁。

26．

A．precisely

B．extraordinarily C．exceedingly D．extremely

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。precisely表示“准确地，精确地”，根据下文：target pesticidespraying…rain poison on a whole field可知，利用红外扫描技术是给“患病”庄稼定位，从而有利于定点施治，故选择表方式的副词，即选项[A]precisely正确。选项[B]extraordinary表示“格外地”；选项[C]exceedingly表示“非常地；极度地”；选项[D]extremely表示“极端地”；均属程度副词。

27．

A．more than B．less than

C．rather than D．other than

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语篇衔接题。rather than表示“而不是”，根据句意，其目的是为了让农民准确地定点喷洒农药，从而与在整块田上洒农药做对比，选择前者，放弃后者，故选项[C]rather than正确。其他选项：[A]more than；[B]less than指量的多少；[D]other than=except，anything but均与句意不符。

28．

A．dominantly B．deliberately C．accidentally D．invariably

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。invariably表示“不变地，一定地”，根据句意，如果整块田都洒上农药，那些没遭虫害的庄稼不可避免地会受到影响，故选项[D]invariably正确。选项[A]dominantly表示“占优势地”；选项[B]deliberately表示“故意地”；选项[C]accidentally表示“偶然地”；均与句意不符。

29．

A．seeming B．clear C．apparent D．visible

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。visible表示“看得见的”，根据句意：红外扫描技术可以在人们用肉眼看到病虫害之前就测出哪些庄稼会有问题，故选项[D]visible正确。选项[A]seeming表示“看起来”；选项[B]clear表示“清楚的”；选项[C]apparent表示“显然的，貌似的”。全句可译为：佩利的远红外遥感公司甚至可以在病虫害被肉眼发现之前就能找出哪些庄稼有问题。

30．

A．at night B．for the night C．in night D．over night

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语法题。根据句意，远红外扫描仪在晚上工作，故选项[A]at night正确。其他选项：[B]for the night，[C]in night和[D]over night均属搭配不当。全句可译为：安装在3000英尺高空飞行的飞机上的远红外扫描仪在晚上记录下

植物所散发的热度。

31．

A．transmitted B．transferred C．transformed D．transported

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。transform表示“改变，使变形”，根据句意，红外扫描仪记录下的数据被转换成一幅地图，显示出哪里的庄稼在发烧，故选项[C]transformed正确。选项[A]transmit表示“转播”；选项[B]transfer表示“转移，调动，转让”；选项[D]transport表示“运输”。

32． A．how B．where C．what D．when

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语法题。根据题意，地图可显示发烧的植物所在位置，故用表示地点的副词，故选项[B]where正确。其他选项：[A]how，[C]what和[D]when均不符合题意。全句可译为：这些数据被转换成一幅彩色地图，显示出哪些植物已在发烧。

33．

A．otherwise B．still C．thus D．therefore

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语篇衔接。otherwise=differently；in the other way表示“不同地，用别的方法”，如：I hate him and I won’t pretend otherwise．(=pretend I don’t)我恨他，而且我也不假装。根据原文，定点喷洒农药是采用其他方法所耗农药的50一70％，所以选项[A]otherwise正确。其他选项：[B]still；[C]thus；[D]therefore均不符合题意。全句可译为：这样，农民针对病害定点喷洒所耗的农药是采用其他方法所需农药的50—70％。

34．

A．persisted in B．resisted C．insisted on

D．assisted

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。resist表示“抵抗”，如：resist disease，根据句意，农民们抗拒这种新技术是佩利公司关门的原因，故选项[B]resisted正确。选项[A]persist in表示“坚持”；选项[C]insist on表示“坚持，坚决要求”；选项[D]assist sb．in doing／to do表示“帮助，援助某人”。

35．

A．to find out B．to be found C．to find

D．to be found on

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。to find不定式，表结果，原句意为：长期的支持者难于找到，故选项[C]to find正确。选项[A]to find out表示“找到(抽象的结果)”；选项[B]to befound不定式的被动形式；选项[D]to be found on无此搭配。全句可译为：农民们抗拒这种新技术，长期的支持者很难找到。

36． A．get off B．get out C．get away D．get back

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。根据上文，佩利公司关门了，但是随着对农产品残留农药的重新关注及红外线扫描技术的改良，佩利自然想重操旧业，因此选项[D]get back正确。选项[A]get off表示“下车，出发”；选项[B]get out表示“出去，秘密泄漏”；选项[C]getaway表示“离开”。

37． A．of B．in C．for D．on

正确答案：D

解析：此题属于语法题。此处需要一个与land搭配的介词，故选项[D]on正确。其他选项：[A]of，[B]in和[C]for均不符合题意。

38． A．remote

B．lonely C．removed D．desolate

正确答案：A

解析：此题属于语意搭配题。remote表示“遥远的”，根据文章内容，前面谈到红外线扫描技术是在3，000英尺的高空进行的，因此距离较远，故选项[A]remote正确。选项[B]lonely表示“(人)寂寞的；(地方)偏僻的”；选项[C]removed表示“远离的，分离的”，应与介词from连用；选项[D]desolate表示“无人烟的，荒凉的”。全句可译为：最近刚从农业部退休的雷·杰克逊认为，远红外技术在这个10年末能被人们所采用。

39． A．even if B．if only C．only if D．though

正确答案：C

解析：此题属于语篇衔接，根据文章内容，佩利想重操旧业，遥感技术也得到了专家的认同，但佩利还须取得别人在经济上的资助才能实现他的想法，故选项[C]only if符合题意。选项[A]even if表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句；选项[B]if only省略主句的条件句，表示期望，愿望，例如：If only he were with us!(如果他和我们在一起该多好呀!)选项[D]though表示“但是”，表示转折关系。

40． A．where B．which C．how D．when

正确答案：B

解析：此题属于语法题，此处需一个关系词引导定语从句，其先行词是financial backing，故选项[B]which引导定语从句，符合句意。全句可译为：但这只有当佩利找到他十年前没有找到的经济上的支持时，他才能实现他的想法。

Section III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes)

Part BDirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

The proportion of works cut for the cinema in Britain dropped from 40 percent when I joined the BBFC in 1975 to less than 4 percent when I left. But I don’t think that 20 years from now it will be possible to regulate any medium as closely as I

regulated film. The Internet is, of course, the greatest problem for this century. The world will have to find a means, through some sort of international treaty of United Nations initiative, to control the material that’s now going totally unregulated into people’s homes. That said, it will only take one little country like Paraguay to refuse to sign a treaty for transmission to be unstoppable. Parental control is never going to be sufficient. I’m still very worried about the impact of violent video games, even though researchers say their impact is moderated by the fact that players don’t so much experience the game as enjoy the technical manoeuvres (策略) that enable you to win. But in respect of violence in mainstream films, I’m more optimistic. Quite suddenly, tastes have changed, and it’s no longer Stallone or Schwarzenegger who are the top stars, but Leonardo DiCaprio—that has taken everybody by surprise. Go through the most successful films in Europe and America now and you will find virtually none that are violent. Quentin Tarantino didn’t usher in a new, violent generation, and films are becoming much more prosocial than one would have expected. Cinemagoing will undoubtedly survive. The new multiplexes are a glorious experience, offering perfect sound and picture and very comfortable seats, things which had died out in the 1980s. I can’t believe we’ve achieved that only to throw it away in favor of huddling a-round a 14-inch computer monitor to watch digitally-delivered movies at home. It will become increasingly cheap to make films, with cameras becoming smaller and lighter but remaining very precise. That means greater chances for new talent to emerge, as it will be much easier for people to learn how to be better film-makers. People’s working lives will be shorter in the future, and once retired they will spend a lot of time learning to do things that amuse them—like making videos. Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as producers as well as audience; instead of writing letters, one will send little home movies entitled My Week.

41． Which of the following about Internet is true according to the passage? A．The Internet is the greatest progress for this century. B．Efforts are needed to control Internet.

C．Paraguay refused to sign a treaty for transmission.

D．The United Nations has found ways to prevent Internet from developing.

正确答案：B 解析：文章第二段开门见山提到因特网是个大问题，整段内容都与因特网有关，所以不难判断出作者的意见是对因特网要采取一定的控制。

42． What kind of film does the author dislike? A．Violent films. B．Comedy.

C．European films.

D．Films acted by Leonardo.

正确答案：A

解析：提到暴力游戏的时候，作者表示深切的担忧，虽然他说对电影里的暴力还是比较乐观的，但接下去一段又提到欧美成功的电影几乎是没有暴力的，说明作者不喜欢暴力电影。

43． What does “that” in “I can’t believe we’ve achieved that only to throw it away I favor. . . “(Para. 5) refer to?

A．Digitally-delivered movies B．Multiplexes

C．Advanced camera D．Sound

正确答案：B

解析：第五段提到新式多幕电影院，后面以14英寸的电脑屏幕作对比，说明that指代的是电影院，而非其他东西。

44． What is the author’s attitude toward the future of film? A．Positive B．Negative C．Uncertain D．Worried

正确答案：A 解析：最后一段作者提到以后大概连信也不用写，而用拍一些家庭影片来传递信息，说明他认为电影不会被淹没。

45． What does “media-saturated” in “Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as ... “ (Para. 6) mean?

A．Be tired of media

B．Be fully affected by media C．Be driven mad by media D．Be benefited by media

正确答案：B

解析：关键是saturated这个词，意思是饱和。因此从上下文“Firty years on we could wellbe media—saturated as producers as well as audience；instead of writing letters，one willsend little home movies entitled My week．”可以判断答案是B。

In the relationship of education to business we observe today a fine state of paradox. On the one hand, the emphasis which most business places upon a college degree is so great that one can almost visualize the time when even the office boy will have his baccalaureate. On the other hand, we seem to preserve the belief that some deep intellectual chasm separates the businessman from other products of the

university system. The notion that business people are quite the Philistines sounds absurd. For some reason, we tend to characterize vocations by stereotypes, none too flattering but nonetheless deeply imbedded in the national conscience. In the cast of characters the businessman comes on stage as a crass and uncouth person. It is not a pleasant conception and no more truthful or less unpleasant than our other stereotypes. Business is made up of people with all kinds of backgrounds, all kinds of motivations, and all kinds of tastes, just as in any other form of human endeavour. Businessmen are not ambulatory balance sheets and profit statements, but perfectly normal human beings, subject to whatever strengths, frailties, and limitations characterize man on the earth. They are people grouped together in organizations designed to complement the weakness of one with strength of another, tempering the exuberance of the young with the caution of the more mature, the poetic soarings of one mind with the counting house realism of another. Any disfigurement which society may suffer will come from man himself, not from the particular vocation to which he devotes his time. Any group of people necessarily represents an approach to a common denominator, and it is probably true that even individually they tend to conform somewhat to the general pattern. Many have pointed out the danger of engulfing our original thinkers in a tide of mediocrity. Conformity is not any more prevalent or any more exacting in the business field than it is in any other. It is a characteristic of all organizations of whatever nature. The fact is the large business unit provides greater opportunities for individuality and require less in the way of conformity than other institutions of comparable size—the government service, or the academic world, or certainly the military.

46． The paradox in the relationship of education to business is______. A．businessmen are both unmindful of history and sophisticated in it B．businessmen show both contempt and respect for noble activities C．there are both highly intellectual and uneducated businessmen

D．there are both noticeable similarities and differences between businessmen and intellectuals

正确答案：C 解析：本题所涉及的相关信息在第一段。从文中可以看到教育与商业的关系的悖论在于同时存在受过高等教育的商人和没受过什么教育的商人，所以正确答案应当为C。

47． According to the passage, a typical businessman is usually considered to be______.

A．obstinate and hostile B．sociable and sympathetic

C．ill-mannered and simple-minded D．shameless and ungraceful

正确答案：C 解析：根据第一段倒数第二句“In the cast of characters the businessman comes on stageas a crass and uncouth person”可以看出人们在塑造商人形象时总把他们刻画成粗俗无理的人，所以正确答案应当为C。

48． There isn’t a stereotyped businessman because______. A．they represent a cross section of society B．they are not ordinary people

C．they are people with strong personal characters D．there is considerable mobility in the vocation

正确答案：A

解析：根据第二段第一句话，因为商人有着不同的背景、不同的动机、不同的品位，和其他普通人一样，所以商人没有固定的模式，据此可以判断正确答案为A。

49． According to the passage, the distortion of the image of the businessmen is the result of

A．prevalent egoism among businessmen B．the fierce social competition C．racial discrimination

D．sheer misunderstanding of other people

正确答案：D

解析：从第二段最后一句“Any disfigurement which society may suffer will come fromman himself，not from the particular vocation to which he devotes his time”可以看出人的偏见都是因为人自身的原因而与职业无关，由此可见只有选项D符合题意。

50． According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A．People in all vocations are unwilling to conform to a general pattern. B．Conformity is a special characteristic of business. C．Businessmen are all original thinkers.

D．Businessmen are provided with greater opportunities than people in other profession.

正确答案：D

解析：从文章最后一句“The fact is the large business unit provides greater opportunitiesfor individuality and require less in the way of conformity than other institutions of com-parable size—the government service，or the academic world，or certainly the military”可以判断只有D符合题意。

In one very long sentence, the introduction to the U. N. Charter expresses the ideals and the common aims of all the people whose governments joined together

to form the U.N. . “We the people of the U.N. determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war which twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations, large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, and for these ends, to practise tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of economic and social advancement of all peoples, have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims. “ The name “United Nations” is accredited to U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the first group of representatives of member states met and signed a declaration of common intent on New Year’s Day in 1942. Representatives of five powers worked together to draw up proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944. These proposals, modified after deliberation at the conference on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945, were finally agreed on and signed as the U. N. Charter by 50 countries on 26 June 1945. Poland, not represented at the conference, signed the Charter later and was added to the list of original members. It was not until that autumn, however, after the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the U. S. S. R. , the U. K. and the U. S. and by a majority of the other participants that the U. N. officially came into existence. The date was 24 October, now universally celebrated as United Nations Day. The essential functions of the U. N. are to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving international economic, social, cultural and human problems, promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to be a center for co-ordinating the actions of nations on attaining these common ends. No country takes precedence over another in the U. N.. Each member’s rights and obligations are the same. All must contribute to the peaceful settlement of international dispute, and members have pledged to refrain from the threat or use of force against other states.

51． Under its Charter, the first stated aim of the U. N. was______. A．to promote social progress B．to prevent a third world war C．to revise international laws D．to maintain international peace

正确答案：B

解析：从第二段第一句“to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war”可知。

52． What did President Roosevelt have to do with the United Nations? ______ A．He established “The United Nations”.

B．He was given the name “The United Nations”. C．He was a credit to “The United Nations”.

D．He probably devised the name “The United Nations”.

正确答案：D

解析：从第三段第一句话说“The name‘United Nations’is accredited to U．S．PresidentFarnkiln

D．Roosevelt”，be accredited to的意思是“归功于”。

53． When did the U. N. come into existence? ______ A．26 June, 1945. B．24 October, 1945.

C．New Year’s Day in 1945. D．April, 1945.

正确答案：B

解析：从第三段最后两句话可以知道10月24日是联合国正式成立的日子。

． Which of the following is true as to the essential functions of the U. N. ? ______

A．It’s only concerned with human rights.

B．It only solves economic and cultural problems. C．It co-ordinates actions of nations where necessary. D．It only aims to develop friendly relations.

正确答案：C

解析：从第四段第一句话谈到了联合国的基本作用。

55． Large member countries like China and the U. S. ______. A．have a stronger voice than other countries B．have more freedom in the U. N. C．can use force against other states

D．have the same rights and duties as other members

正确答案：D 解析：最后一段的第一句话说到没有一个国家可以在联合国内凌驾于其他国家之上，所以[A]项是不正确的；第二句话说到每个成员的权利和义务都是相同的，所以[B]项是不正确的；第三句话提到所有国家都必须促进国际争端的和平解决，所以[C]项也是不正确的。

Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning

tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves— goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, “says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can’t yet give a robot enough ‘common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world. “ Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer system on Earth can’t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.

56． Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in______. A．the use of machines to produce science fiction

B．the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry C．the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work D．the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。答案在第一段第一句：自从开始发明创造以来，人们一直在设计越来越多的工具来应付危险的、枯燥乏味的、繁重的或是令人讨厌的工作。由此可知，C为正确答案。

57． The word “gizmos” (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means______. A．programs B．experts C．devices D．creatures

正确答案：C

解析：语意题。文章第一段说：人类发明了各种工具，利用各种机器为人类服务；第二段第一句说，“结果，当今世界出现了越来越多的智能化gizmos”由此可以推断，gizmos最有可能是机械工具一类的东西，因此，选项C应为正确答案。

58． According to the text, what is beyond man’s ability now is to design a robot that can

A．fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery B．interact with human beings verbally C．have a little common sense

D．respond independently to a changing world

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。答案在第三段最后一句：Dave Lavery说，我们现在还没法设计出能有足够的常识去应付一个动态世界的机器人。D项：地应付一个不断变化的世界，符合此意。

59． Besides reducing human labor, robots can also______. A．make a few decisions for themselves

B．deal with some errors with human intervention C．improve factory environments D．cultivate human creativity

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。还是引用第三段第二句Dave Lavery的话：我们知道怎样让机器人去应付一个具体的错误。接下来第五段第二句说：科学家已制造出的机器人能以不到一毫米的精确度识别机器面板上的误差。可见B为正确答案。

60． The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are______. A．expected to copy human brain in internal structure B．able to perceive abnormalities immediately

C．far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information D．best used in a controlled environment

正确答案：C 解析：作者观点态度题。作者在最后一段第二句开始向我们传达了这样一个信息：机器人、人工智能，虽然能为人类做很多工作，但与人的大脑智能、感知

能力相比，还相差甚远。人类能在瞬间识别出猴子或可疑的面孔。所以，C：机器人就识别相关信息而言，比人脑差得多，为正确答案。

Part DDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Ecological economics recognizes that humans and their economies are parts of larger natural ecosystems and co-evolve with those natural systems. 【T1】There is a material and energy basis for the relations between human economies and their ecosystems, defining not only economic, but social, structures and processes. Economies possess general ecosystem properties, such as dynamism, evolution, integrity, stability and sustenance. Economies are embedded in larger natural ecosystems, and exchange flows of materials and energy with natural systems. 【T2】What makes humans and their economies unique as a sub-ecosystem is their ability7 through willful effort, ignorance and human designed tools, to dramatically restructure and reform processes in ecosystems of which they are a part; The ability is to such a magnitude that human welfare can be diminished or enhanced by those original actions. Some types of economic activities, and the welfare that originates from them, would not be sustainable ff they substantially adversely impact natural systems. 【T3】The willful effort to extract useful things from natural systems is motivated by the satisfaction of basic biological needs and the seemingly limitless search for pleasure through consumption of goods and through social associations. The magnitude of potential impact on their own welfare through effects on natural systems requires that human decisions be guided by some notion of the value of their actions and the value of their impacts on ecosystems, either in terms of benefits of use or costs of abuse. Some concept of value is required for rational activities of human economies within their natural systems. Both the structures and processes of natural systems have identifiable instrumental value to the human economy. These narrow use values may be reflected by the summation of individual values to the extent they are private. However, natural systems also have aesthetic, moral and cultural values. These values are more intrinsic and unmeasurable using traditional human preferences. 【T4】Valuation is made more complicated by the fact that our natural environment is highly likely to shape values through establishing social and economic relations, aesthetic standards and culture. If so, our decisions now about the natural environment will shape future value systems, making values endogenous and, therefore, a poor guide to behavior. 【T5】A way out of this dilemma is to make valuations of natural systems based on “What we would like to see society:become rather than to ask what current valuations are. The value of natural systems is then based on their ability to assist us in becoming what we wish to be.

61． 【T1】

正确答案：人类经济发展与生态体系之间的关系有一个物质与能源的基础，该基础不仅决定经济结构，也决定社会结构与过程。

62． 【T2】

正确答案：使人类与他们的经济成为独特次生态系统的是他们通过有意的努力与忽视，以及他们自己设计的工具，剧烈地改造与变革生态体系的过程的能力。而他们本身也是该体系的一部分。

63． 【T3】

正确答案：从自然系统之中选择有用事物的努力是由满足基本的生理需求和通过消费商品、进行社会活动，对享乐进行无止境的追求所激发的。

． 【T4】

正确答案：由于我们的自然环境很可能会通过建立社会与经济之间的关系、建立审美标准和文化来影响价值，做出衡量就变得更加复杂。

65． 【T5】

正确答案：解决这一困境的方法是使自然体系的价值基于“我们希望社会能够变成的模样”，而非探讨当前的价值是什么。

Section IV Writing (35 minutes)

66． Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures—National and International”. In the essay you should1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and2) give your comment on the phenomenon.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)An American girl in traditional Chinese costume(服装)

正确答案： A pretty American girl is presented in this picture. Interestingly, she is neither in Apple Jeans nor in Red Taps nor in anything typically American, rather, she prefers traditional Chinese costume. In my opinion, what the picture conveys is beyond a new fashion trend, and it carries cultural implications as well. On the process of globalization, to be national or to be international is a dilemma for almost every culture. While global economic integration has fostered thorough cultural interchanges and made purely national culture practically impossible, many countries with their distinct national culture still hold a conservative attitude toward being international for fear of losing their own national identity. Admittedly, as it is the reflection of the outlook of a people, national culture is especially to her people as priceless spiritual treasure and ought to be cherished and preserved. However, there are also positive reasons to advocate an international culture. As the traditional

Chinese costume in the picture adds some irresistible oriental glamour to her beautiful figure, the embracing of elements from other cultures will surely do great benefit to a culture. The fresh ideas coming in, controversial or even unreasonable as they may seem at first sight, provide a different perspective for us to observe the world, which is essential to social progress. It is multiculturalism in a society that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful, vigorous, and open-minded. As the picture raises the thought-provoking question in a light manner, the answer to the question is also implied in it. In my eyes, to be international is undisputedly the better choice if the nation wishes to adopt an open-minded way of progressing.