高级英语第二册词汇及短语

Lesson One Face to Face with Hurricane Camille Joseph P. Blank 词汇：

hurricane (n.): a violent tropical cyclone with winds moving at 73 or more miles per hour，often accompanied by torrential rains，and originating usually in the West Indian region飓风 --------------------------------------------------------------------- lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击；拍打 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

course (n.): a way of behaving；mode 0f conduct行为；品行；做法 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

demolish (v.): pull down．tear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc．)，destroy：ruin拉倒；打碎；拆毁；破坏；毁灭

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motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆

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gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech；harsh and throaty；hoarse粗暴的，粗鲁的；粗哑的。嘶哑的

--------------------------------------------------------------------- batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定) ---------------------------------------------------------------------

methodically (adv.): orderly，systematically有秩序地；有条理地 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc(自来水，煤气，电等的)总管

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bathtub (n.): a tub，now usually a bathroom fixture，in which to take a bath浴盆，浴缸 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy；dynamo发电机，发动机

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scud (v.): run or move swiftly；glide or skim along easily疾行，飞驰；掠过 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton，hair，foam rubber，etc．床垫；褥子

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pane (n.):a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame；such a sheet of glass窗格；窗格玻璃

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disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up；disunite，分解，裂成碎块 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(气流)；一阵(风) ---------------------------------------------------------------------

douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid；drench; pour liquid over把…浸入液体里；使浸透；泼液体在…上

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brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function。。“unit in some work(组织起来执行某种任务的)队

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scramble (v.): climb，crawl，or clamber hurriedly爬行；攀(登) ---------------------------------------------------------------------

litter (n.): the young borne at one time by a dog，cat or other animal which normally bears several young at a delivery(狗、猫等多产动物)一胎生下的小动物 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently，as in horror or extreme disgust震颤，战栗

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ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty；ferociousness凶猛；凶恶，残忍；暴行 --------------------------------------------------------------------- swipe (n.):a hard，sweeping blow[口]猛击，重击

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maroon (av.): leave abandoned，isolated，or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

devastate (nv.): destroy；lay waste；make desolate毁坏,摧毁；使荒芜 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device刈幅(挥动镰刀所及的面积)

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huddle (v.): crowd，push，or nestle close together。as cows do in a storm(如风暴中的牛群)挤成一团；拥挤；互相紧贴

--------------------------------------------------------------------- slashing (a.): severe；merciless；violent严厉的；猛烈的 --------------------------------------------------------------------- implore (v.): ask or beg earnestly; beseech恳求，哀求，乞 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

bar (v.): a vertical line across a staff，dividing it into measures；a measure小节线(五线谱上的纵线把五线谱分成小节); 小节

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trail (v.):grow gradually weaker，dimmer，less direct，etc．渐弱；渐小；渐暗 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

debri (复：debris )(n.): a rough，broken bit and piece of a stone，wood，glass，etc．，as after destruction：rubble碎片，瓦砾

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sanctuary (n.): a place of refuge or protection：asylum 避难所，庇护所 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

cedar (n.): any of a genus of widespreading coniferous trees of the pine family，having clusters of needlelike leaves，cones, and durable wood with a characteristic fragrance雪松(属) ---------------------------------------------------------------------

extinguish (v.): put out(a fire，etc．)；quench；smother熄灭(火等)，灭(火)；扑灭 waver v. swing or sway to and fro；flutter摇摆；摇晃；摇曳

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topple (v.): fall top forward；lean forward as if on the point of falling向前倒；摇摇欲坠 --------------------------------------------------------------------- lean—to (n.): a roof with a single slope，its upper edge abutting a wall or building；a shed with a one—slope roof单坡 屋顶；单坡屋顶的棚

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prop (v.): hold up，support or hold in place with or as with a prop支撑；维持；支持 --------------------------------------------------------------------- tilt (v.): aslope；incline；slant；tip倾斜；倾侧；翘起 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

cower (v.): crouch or huddle up，as from fear or cold(因害怕或寒冷而)蜷缩；退缩 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

slant (v.):incline or turn from a direct line or course, esp, one that is perpendicular or level；slope(使)倾斜；(使)变歪

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hinge (v.): equip with or attach by a hinge靠铰链转动(或附着) ---------------------------------------------------------------------

diminish (v.): reduce in size. degree，importance, etc.；lessen使变小；减少，缩减 --------------------------------------------------------------------- thrust (n.): a sudden，forceful push or shove猛推

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strew (v.): spread about here and there by or as by sprinkling：scatter．be scattered or dispersed over(a surface)撒(布)；散播；被撒满(表面)

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festoon (v.): adorn or hang with flowers, leave, paper, etc．饰以(或悬挂)花彩，结彩于 --------------------------------------------------------------------- coil (v.): wind around and around成卷状；盘绕•卷 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

spaghetti (n.): paste in the form。f long，thin strings, cooked by boiling or steaming and served with a sauce细条实心面

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salvation (n.): a saving 0r being saved from danger, evil，difficulty，destruction。etc．；rescue救助•拯救；援救

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canteen (n.):a place where cooked food is dispensed to people in distress，as in a disaster area(在灾区给灾民分配熟食的)赈灾处

--------------------------------------------------------------------- staffer (n.): a member of a staff职员

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rake (v.): scrape or sweep；move forward swiftly掠过；急速穿过；迅速向前移动 --------------------------------------------------------------------- rampage (v.): rush violently or wildly about横冲直撞 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

pitch (v.): [colloq] set to work energetically[口]拼命干起来，开始大干特干 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

wreckage (n.): the remains of something that has been wrecked残骸；漂浮物 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

salvage (v.): save or rescue from shipwreck, fire，flood, etc．雷救•抢救；打捞 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

wrath (n.): intense anger；rage；fury愤怒；暴怒；勃然大怒 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

the blues: [colloq]a depressed．unhappy feeling[口]沮丧；忧郁 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

afflict (v.):cause pain or suffering to；distress very much 使痛苦，使苦恼．折磨 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

weld (v.): unite(pieces of metal，etc．)by heating until molten and fused or until soft enough to hammer or press together焊接；熔接

--------------------------------------------------------------------- reflect (v.): think seriously；contemplate认真思考；沉思

短语：

reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem，by thinking of all the possibilities寻找解决途径

例：Let’s reason this out instead of quarrelling．让我们不要争吵，商量出事情的解决方案

--------------------------------------------------------------------- a good: at least，full至少，最少

例：They waited a good eight hours他们等了至少8个小时。 --------------------------------------------------------------------- sit out: stay until the end of坐到结束

例：We forced ourselves to sit the play out．我们强迫自己坐到演出结束。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

come by: to make a short visit to a place on one’s way顺便拜访

例：I’ll come by the house and get my stufflater，OK?我会顺便过来取材料，好吗? ---------------------------------------------------------------------

by the minute: every minute，minute by minute一分钟一分钟地 例：I’m feeling better by the minute．我每分钟都感觉好多了。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

on the verge of: on the edge of，on the brink of接近于，濒临于

例：Scientists are on the verge of a major breakthrou曲．科学家们即将取得一项重大突破。

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break apart: break up into piecesdisintegrate裂开，解散

例：The grounds broke apart in earthquake．地面在地震时裂开了。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

break up: to break or make sth break into many small pieces

例：The ice will break up when the warm weather comes. 天气转暖，冰层就会破裂。 --------------------------------------------------------------------- come through: to continue to live，exist，be strong，or succeed after a difficuh or dangerous time经历过……仍活着，经历，脱险

例：John was so iu but he was lucky to come through．约翰病得很厉害，依然活着算是很幸运的了。

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pitch in: to set to work energetically拼命于起来，开始大干特干

例：If we pitch in，we will have it finished in no time．我们如果拼命干活，就会马上做完

Lesson Two Marrakech George Orwell 词汇：

thread (v.) : pass through by twisting，turning，or weaving in and out穿过，通过 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- pomegranate (n.) : a round fruit with a red，leathery rind and many seeds covered with red，juicy，edible flesh；the bush or small tree that bears it石榴；石榴树 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

chant (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌

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bier (n.) : a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed棺材架；尸体架 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe，mattock，etc．(用锄等)翻地，挖(土) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oblong (adj.) : longer than broad；elongated长方形的

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lumpy (adj.) : full of lumps；covered with lumps多块状物的；凹凸不平的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

hummocky (a.) : full of or looking like low，rounded hills布满小丘的；似小圆丘的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owner；abandoned；forsaken无主的；被遗弃的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lot (n.) : a plot of ground一块地

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undifferentiated (adj.) : without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics无区别的；无显著特点的

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mound (n.) : a heap or bank of earth，sand，etc．built over a grave，in a fortification，etc．土堆；堤；坟堆

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prickly (adj.) : full of prickles多刺的

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prickly pear : any of a genus of cactus plants having cylindrical or large，flat，oval stem joints and edible fruits仙人掌(属)

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bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps；rough；jolting崎岖不平的；颠簸的；震摇的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- gazelle (n.) : any of various small，swift，graceful antelopes瞪羚 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

hindquarter (n.) : either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of a carcass of veal，beef，lamb，etc．；[p1.]the hind part of a four—legged animal(牛、羊、猪等 的)后腿肉；[复](四肢动物的)后躯

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nibble (v.) : take small，cautious，or gentle bites小口地咬；谨慎地咬(啃) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

butt (v.) : strike or push with the head or horns：ram with the head(用头或角)撞击；顶撞 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mid—air (n.) : any point in space，not in contact with the ground or other surface空中；上空 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

navvy (n.) : n unskilled laborer，as on canals，roads，etc．劳工；无特殊技术的工人 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

sidle (v.) : move sideways，esp．in a shy or stealthy manner(羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

stow (v.) : pack or store away；fill by packing in an orderly way装载；装进；收藏 municipality n．a city，town. etc．having its own incorporated government for local affairs自治市(或镇) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ghetto (n.) : (in certain European cities)a section to which Jews were formerly restricted(某些欧洲城市中从前的)犹太人居住区

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sore (adj.) : giving or feeling physical pain；painful疼痛的；感到疼痛的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

skull—cap (n.) : a light，closefitting，brimless cap，usually worn indoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- infest (v.) : overrun or inhabit in large numbers，usually so as to be harmful or bothersome；swarm in or over(虫害等)侵扰；骚扰；蔓延

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booth (n.) : a stall for the sale of goods，as at markets or fairs(市场或集市上的)货摊；摊店，摊棚

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prehistoric (adj.) : pertaining to ancient times，very old-fashioned老式的；古旧的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- warp (v.) : become bent or twisted out of shape变弯曲；变歪 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

frenzied (adj.) : full of uncontrolled excitement疯狂的，狂乱的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

clamour (v.) : make a loud confused noise or shout；cry out喧嚷，喧嚣，吵闹 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

grope (v.) : feel or search about blindly，hesitantly，or uncertainly摸索；探索 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

self-contained (adj.) : having within oneself or itself all that is necessary；self-sufficient，as a community自给自足的

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witchcraft (n.) : the power or practices of witches: black magic；sorcery巫术；魔法 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

square (adj.[colloq.]) : satisfying；solid；substantial[口]令人满意的；充实的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

conspicuous (adj.) : attracting attention by being unexpected，unusual，outstanding惹人注目的，显眼的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- grove (n.) : orchard果园

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- legionnaire (n.) : a member of a legion军团的成员

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back—breaking (adj.) : requiring great physical exertion；very tiring费劲的；辛苦的，累人的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- desolate (adj.) : uninhabited；deserted荒无人烟的，荒凉的

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lucerne (n.) : a type of plant whose leaves grow in groups of three and which is used for feeding farm animals紫花苜蓿

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fodder (n.) : gorse food for cattle，horses，sheep，etc. as cornstalks，hay and straw(牛、马、羊的)粗饲料；饲草

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- yoke (v.) : put a yoke on；join together；link用轭连起；连合；连结 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

harrow (n.) : a heavy frame with spikes or sharp—edged disks，drawn by a horse 0r tractor and used for breaking up and leveling plowed ground，covering seeds，rooting up weeds，etc．耙 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

furrow (n.) : a narrow groove made in the ground by a plow沟，畦；犁沟 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

trickle (n.) : the act of trickling；a slow，small flow滴，淌；细流 ； ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- subsoil (n.) : the layer of soil beneath the surface soil底土，下层土， ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- mummify (v.) : shrivel or dry up干瘪；枯干；成木乃伊状

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hobble (v.) : go unsteadily，haltingly，etc．蹒跚

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leathery (adj.) : 1ike leather in appearance or texture. tough and flexible(外观或质地)似皮革的；坚韧的，粗硬的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- infuriate (v.) : cause to become very angry；enrage(使)发怒，激怒 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- damnably (adv.) : execrably该诅咒地；极坏地

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packsaddle (n.) : a saddle with fastenings to secure and balance the load carried by a pack animal驮鞍

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- bridle (n.) : a head harness for guiding a horse马勒

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- halter (n.) : a rope，cord，strap，etc．，usually with a headstall，for tying or leading an animal；a bitless headstall，with or without a lead rope缰绳；(马)笼头 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- gut (n.[usu．in p1.]) : the bowels；entrails[常用复]内脏

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plight (n.) : condition or state of affairs；esp，now, an awkward．sad，or dangerous situation情况；状态；(现尤指)苦境；困境或险境

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- gall (v.) : injure or make sore by rubbing；chafe擦伤，擦痛；磨 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- stork (n.) : any of a family of large，long—legged，mostly old—world wading birds．having a long neck and bill，and related to the herons鹳

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reach-me—down (adj．[colloq.]) : second—hand or ready—made(衣服)用旧的；别人用过的；现成的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- khaki (adj.) : made of khaki(cloth)卡其(布)制的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- squash (v.) : force one’s way；squeeze挤进，挤入

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- slump (v.) : have a drooping posture or gait低头弯腰(而行)；消沉 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

inquisitive (adj.) : inclined to ask many questions or seek information；eager to learn好询问的；好奇的

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syphilis (n.) : an infectious venereal disease，caused by a spirochete and usually transmitted by sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally梅毒

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garrison (n.) : troops stationed in a fort or fortified place驻军；卫戍 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- charger (n.) : a horse ridden in battle or on parade战马, 军马

短语：

square meal: a complete and satisfying meal美餐丰盛的、令人满足 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

in a cloud: a large number of small things moving through the air as amass一团 例： a cloud of locusts一群蝗虫

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- get at: to approach or reach到达，得到 例： You have to use a little ladder to get at the jars on the top shelves．你得使用一把小梯才可以拿到架子上面的坛子。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- next door to: almost the same as几乎

例： Leaving a man to die is next door to murder．让一个人等死无异于谋杀。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

in this connection: while speaking of such things关于这一点，就此而论 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- it doesn’t matter twopence: it doesn’t matter a bit无关紧要

例： It doesn’t matter twopence if he doesn’t accept the invita-tion．他接不接受邀请都不要紧。

lesson 3 Pub Talk and the King' s English 词汇(Vocabulary)

intricate (adj) : hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships错综复杂的；难以理解的，难懂的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- indulge (v.) : give way to one’s own desire尽情享受；从事于 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- meander (v.) : wander aimlessly or idly；ramble漫步；闲逛

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conversationalist (n.) : a person who converses；esp．，one who enjoys and is skilled at conversation交谈者；(尤指)健谈者

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anecdote (n.) : a short，entertaining account of some happening，usually personal or biographical轶事，逸事

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- intimate (n.) : a close friend or companion密友，知己

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on the rocks [colloq．] : in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe (婚姻)破坏的；失败的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- musketeer (n.) : (formerly)a soldier armed with a musket火手 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- delve (v.) : investigate for information；search发掘；调查(研究) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

recess (n.) : a secluded，withdrawn，or inner place幽深处

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- desultorily (adv.) : aimlessly；at random随意地；无目的地

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alchemy (n.) : an early form of chemistry，whose chief aims were to change baser metals into gold：a method or power of transmutation; esp. the seemingly miraculous change of a thing into something better炼金术；变化物质的方法或魔力

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tart (adj.) : sharp in taste；sour；acid辛辣的；尖酸的；刻薄的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

convict (n.) : a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court罪犯 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- churl (n.) : a farm laborer；peasant农民；庄稼人，乡下人

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rift (n.) : an open break in a previously friendly relationship；失和 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- scamper (v.) : run or go hurriedly or quickly急驰，快跑

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- rendering (n.) : a translation翻译

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- bilingual (adj.) : of，in or using two languages(用)两种语言的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

intercept (v.) : seize or stop on the way，before arrival at the intended place拦截；截断；截击。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

abuse (v.) : use wrongly；use insulting，coarse or bad language；scold harshly滥用；辱骂，口出恶言

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coin (v.) : make up；devise；invent(a new word，phrase，etc．)编造；杜撰(新词、新短语等) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

tussle (v.) : fight，struggle，contend，etc．vigorously or vehemently斗争，搏斗；竞争 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

dandelion (n.) : any of several plants of the composite family，common lawn weeds with jagged leaves，often used as greens，and yellow flowers蒲公英(属) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- pejorative (adj.) : disparaging or derogatory轻蔑的；贬低的

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facetious (adj.) : joking or trying to be jocular，esp．at an imappropriate time滑稽的；诙谐的；(尤指在不适当的时候)开玩笑的

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underling (n.) : a person in a subordinate position；inferior disparaging(通常作蔑词)下属； ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

edict (n.) : an official public proclamation or order issued by authority；decree法令；命令；布告 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

immune (adj.) : exempt from or protected against something disagreeable or harmful不受影响的；

可避免的

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ultimatum (n.) : a final offer or demand，esp．by one of the parties engaged in negotiations，the rejection of which usually leads to a break in relations and unilateral action，the use of force etc．by the party issuing the ultimatum最后通牒

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chimpanzee (n.) anthropoid ape of Africa，with black hair and large，outstanding ears(非洲)黑猩猩

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短语 (Expressions)

make a point: explain fully what one is proposing充分解释

例： All fight，you’ve made your point；now keep quiet and let the others say what they think．好啦，你已经把话说清楚了；那就别说了，让别人谈谈看法。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- in a flash: suddenly，very quickly转瞬间，立刻

例： Just wait here．I’u be back in a flash．就在这儿等我，我马上就回来。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

on the rocks : (colloq．)in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe(婚姻)破坏的，失败的 例： Tim’s marriage is on the rocks．提姆的婚姻亮起了红灯。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

get out the bed on the wrong side: to be cross or grouchy早晨起来便心情不好 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lay down : to assert or declare声明，颁布

例： The regulations lay down a rigid procedure for checking safety equipment．法令规定了一套严格的安检程序。

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on wings : in flight；continually moving about像飞一样地，飘飘然 例： The birds are on wings in the sky．鸟儿在空中展翅高飞。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- turn up one’s nose at : to sneer at，scorn嘲笑，轻蔑

例： The children turned up their noses at my home cooking．孩子们嘲笑我的厨艺。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- in the shoes of : in another’s position站在别人的立场上，设身处地

例： I’m glad I’m not in his shoes with all those debts to pay off．我庆幸不用像他那样去偿还所有的债务。

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come into one’s own : to receive what properly belongs to one，esp．acclaim or recognition得到自己该得的东西，如荣誉或世人的口碑

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sit up : (colloq．)to。become suddenly alert；be surprised or startled吃惊，警觉

例： I called her a damned hypocrite and that made her sit up．我骂她惺惺作态，她马上警觉起来。

Lesson Four Inaugural Address 词汇：

inaugural (adj.) : of an inauguration就职(典礼)的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- signify (v.) : be a sign or indication of；mean表明；意味

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almighty (adj.) : having unlimited power；all—powerful有无限权力的；全能的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- forebear (n.) : an ancester 祖先，祖宗

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prescribe (v.) : set down as a rule or direction；order；ordain；direct命令；指示；规定，订立 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- generosity (n.) : the quality of being generous慷慨；宽宏大量 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

heir (n.) : person who appears to get some trait from a predecessor or seems to carry on in his tradition继承者；后嗣

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- foe (n.) : enemy；opponent敌人

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undoing (n.) : the act of bringing to ruin，disgrace，or destruction毁灭；破坏 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- at odds : in disagreement；quarreling意见不一致；有争执

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- asunder (adv.) : into parts or pieces分成碎片；分散

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prey (n.) : a person or thing that falls victim to someone or something牺牲品；掠夺品 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

subversion (n.) : a subverting or being subverted．ruin (活动)；破坏 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- sovereign (adj.) : independent of all others自主的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- outpace (v.) : surpass；exceed在速度上超过；胜过

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invective (n.) : a violent verbal attack．strong criticism，insults, curses, etc.; vituperation 抨击；辱骂，谩骂

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shield (n.) : any person or thing that guards，protects，or defends; protection保护人；防护物；保护

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writ (n.) : a formal legal document ordering or prohibiting some action命令；律令；文书；传票 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

adversary (n.) : a person who opposes or fights against another; opponent；enemy对手，反对者；敌手，敌方

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anew (adv.) : again重新，再

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- unleash (v.) : release from or as from a leash(解开皮带以)释放 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- engulf (v.) : swallow up；overwhelm 吞没，淹没，压倒

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- civility (n.) : politeness．esp. in a merely formal way 礼貌，客气 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- belabor (v.) : talk about at unnecessary length唠唠叨叨地反复讲 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

formulate (v.) : put together and express (a theory．plan ,etc.)a systematic way系统地阐述(或提出)(理论、计划等)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tap (v.) : draw upon；make use of开发、发掘

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heed (v.) : pay close attention to；take careful notice of注意, 留神，留心 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

beachhead (n.) : a position established by invading troops on an enemy shore；a position gained as a secare starting point for any action；foothold滩头堡，登陆场；立足点 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- endeavor (n.) : an earnest attempt or effort努力，尽力

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testimony (n.) : any form of evidence，indication. etc.；proof证明，证据 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

embattle (v.) : [常用于被动语态]prepare，array，or set in line for battle使准备战斗，使严阵以待

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tribulation (n.) : great misery or distress, as from oppression；deep sorrow苦难；困苦；忧伤 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

forge (v.) : move forward steadily，as if against difficulties; form；produce(似乎迎着困难)稳步前进；形成；结成

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alliance (n.) : a close association for a common objective as of nations，political parties，etc．联盟，联合，同盟

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 短语：

at issue : in dispute；to be decided；at variance；in disagreement意见不一致

例： What is at issue is the extent to which exam results reflect a student’s ability.意见的分歧之处在于考试对于学生能力的影响程度。

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at odds : in disagreement；quarrelling；antagonistic意见不一致，有争执 例： IHe was at odds with his colleagues．他与同事意见不合。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

east off : to discard；abandon；disown丢弃，摆脱

例： A haven of tranquility where you can cast off the strains and stress of life．一个可以摆脱生活重负的宁静港湾

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- beyond doubt : certainly毫无疑问

例： She was beyond doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school．毫无疑问，她在学校里游泳游得最棒。

Lesson Five Love is a Fallacy

Max Shulman 词汇(Vocabulary)

fallacy (n.) : a false or mistaken idea，opinion，etc.；error谬论，谬见；错误 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

enterprising (adj.) :full of energy and initiative；willing to undertake new projects有进取心的；充满首创精神的；有胆量的

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unfetter (v.) : free from fetters；free from restraint of any kind；liberate除掉…的脚镣；；使获得自由

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limp (adj.) :1acking or having lost stiffness；flaccid；drooping，wilted柔软的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

flaccid (adj.) : hanging in loose folds or wrinkles：soft and limp；flabby不结实的；松驰的；松软的

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spongy (adj.) :of or like a sponge；soft and porous海绵(状)的；柔软有弹性的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- pedantic (adj.) : of or like a pedant迂腐的，书呆子气的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- trauma (n.) :a painful emotional experience，or shock．often producing a lasting psychic effect and sometimes a neurosis(精神)心灵创伤

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calculating (adj.) : shrewd or cunning. esp. in a selfish way；scheming精明的；(尤指)专为自己打算的；有算计的

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perspicacious (adj.) :having keen judgement or understanding；acutely perceptive聪颖的；敏锐的

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astute (adj.) : having or showing a clever or shrewd mind：cunning；crafty；wily 聪明的，敏锐的；精明的；狡猾的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- dynamo (n.) :generator发动机

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scale (n.) : either of the shallow dishes or pans of a balance秤盘；天平盘

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- penetrating (adj.) :sharp；piercing锐利的

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scalpel (n.) : a small，light，straight knife with a very sharp blade，used by surgeons and m anatomical dissections解剖刀，手术刀

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- faddist (n.) :a person who follows fads赶时髦的人

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- fad (n.) : a custom，style，etc．that many people are interested in for a short time；passing fashion；craze一度时髦的风尚，风行一时的东西；一时的狂热

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craze (n.) :something that is currently the fashion；fad一时的风尚；风行一时的东西；时髦 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- acme (n.) : the highest point；point of culmination顶点，极点 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- appendicitis (n.) :inflammation of the vermiform appendix阑尾炎 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- laxative (n.) : any laxative medicine；mild cathartic轻泻药；通便剂 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

raccoon (n.) :a small，tree—climbing, chiefly flesh—eating mammal浣熊 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mumble (v.) : speak or say indistinctly and in a low voice；mutter喃喃地说；含糊地说 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

temple (n.) :either of the flat surfaces alongside the forehead，in front of each ear太阳穴，鬓角 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

incredulous (adj.) : unwilling or unable to believe; doubting；skeptical不相信的；怀疑的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

unsanitary (adj.) :not clean；harmful to health不卫生的；对健康有害的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- shed (v.) : shed a natural growth or covering，as hair(毛发等)脱落 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

unsightly (adj.) :not sightly；not pleasant to look at；ugly不美观的；难看的；丑陋的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

swim (n.) : current fashion潮流，时髦／砌the swim conforming to the current fashion赶时髦 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- gear (n.) :a specific adjustment 0f a toothed wheel(汽车等的)排挡 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- narrowly (adv.) : closely；carefully；thoroughly仔细地；严密地 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

attic (n.) :the room or space just below the roof of a house； garret顶楼，阁楼 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- covet (v.) : want ardently；long for with envy垂涎；觊觎

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- cerebral (adj.) :appealing to the intellect rather than the emotions；intellectural理智的；凭理智行

事的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- pin—up (adj.[colloq．]) : designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness makes her a subject for the kind of pictures often pinned up on walls[口](女子)其照片可供倾慕者钉在墙上的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- proportions (n.) :1ines；shape of the body线条；身材

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making (n．[often in p1．]) : the material or qualities needed for the making or development of something[常用复]素质；内在因素

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- carriage (n.) :conduct；behaviour；posture行为；举止；姿态 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

bearing (n.) : way of carrying and conducting oneself：carriage；manner举止，风度，姿态 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- breeding (n.) :good upbringing or training良好的教养(或培养) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

exquisite (adj.) : very beautiful or lovely，esp．in a delicate or carefully wrought way优美的，高雅的，精致的

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specialty (n.) :an article characterized by special features，superior quality，novelty, etc．特产；特制品

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- gravy (adj.) : the juice given off by meat in cooking肉汁，调味汁 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

dipper (n.) :a long—handled cup or similar container for dipping长柄杯或类似容器 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

sauerkraut (n.) :chopped cabbage fermented in a brine of its own juice with salt泡菜 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

veer (v.) :change direction：shift；turn or swing around改变方向；转向；变向 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

gamy (adj.) :having a strong，tangy flavor like that of cooked game；strong in smell有猎物气味的；气味强烈的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Holy Toledo adj.[colloq.]) :excellent[口]好极了

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reverent (adj.) :feeling。showing，or characterized by reverence恭敬的；虔诚的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

greasy (adj.) :smeared with or containing grease涂(或含)有油脂的；油污的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

pelt (n.) :the skin of a fur—bearing animal，esp. after it has been stripped from the carcass毛皮；生皮

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canny (adj.) :careful and shrewd in one’s actions and dealings；clever and cautious谨慎的；机警的；精明的

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waif (n.) :a person without home or friends，esp．a homeless child流浪汉；无家可归者；(尤指)流浪儿

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- swivel (v.) :turn on旋转

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wax (v.) :grow gradually larger；increase in strength，lntensity，volume．ere．渐渐变大；增加 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- wane (v.) :become．1ess intense，strong，bright，etc．变弱；减少 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- kick (n.[colloq.]) :pleasure高兴，兴奋

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- loom (v.) :appear，or come in sight indistinctly隐约出现

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dimension (n.) :extent，size，or degree}scope体积，容积，面积；范围，规模；方面 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

tryst (n.) :an appointment to meet at a specified time and place，esp。one made secretly by lovers约会；幽会

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- wince (v.) :shrink or draw back slightly，usually with a grimace．as in pain，embarassment, etc．(因疼痛、窘迫等)畏缩；退缩

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tug (v.) :pull hard；drag；haul用力拉，拖，拖曳

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- desist (v.) :cease；stop；abstain停止

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contrite (adj.) :feeling deep sorrow or remorse for having sinned or done wrong；penitent懊悔的；忏悔的

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premise (n.) :a previous statement or assertion that serves as the basis for an argument(尤指逻辑)前提

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- chirp (v.) :speak in a lively，shrill way嘁嘁喳喳地说

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- deposit (v.) :put，lay or set down放下，搁下

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- glum (adj.) :feeling or looking gloomy，sullen忧郁的，闷闷不乐的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ember (n.[usu．in p1.]) :the smoldering remains of a fire[常用复]余烬,余火 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

smolder (v.) :burn and smoke without flame；be consumed by slow combustion闷烧；熏烧 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- fraught (adj.) :filled，charged，or loaded充满…的；蕴含…的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

blubber (v.) :weep loudly, like a child(小孩般)大声哭

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analogy (n.) :an explaining of something by comparing it point by point with something similar类比

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brief (n.) :a concise statement of the main points of a law case，usually filed by counsel for the information of the court诉讼摘要；辩护状

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blueprint (n.) :a photographic reproduction in white on a blue background，as of architectural or engineering plans(建筑或工程设计用的)蓝图

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hypothesis (n.) :an unproved theory，proposition，supposition，etc．tentatively accepted to explain certain facts or to provide a basis for further investigation，argument，etc．假设；前提 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

yummy (adj.) :[echoic of a sound made in expressing pleasure at a taste][colloq．]very tasty；delectable；delicious[表示享受美味的象声词][口]美味的，可口的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

chunk (n.) :a short，thick piece，as of meat，wood，etc．一厚块(肉、木头等) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

pitchblende (n.) :a brown to black lustrous mineral，the massive variety of uraninite沥青铀矿 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- fracture (v.[Am．slang]) :cause to react with enthusiasm[美俚]使着迷 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

gurgle (v.) :make a bubbling sound in the throat，as a contented baby does(婴儿高兴时)发咯咯声 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

notorious (adj.) :widely but unfavorably known or talked about声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

indignation (n.) :anger or scorn resulting from injustice, ingratitude, or meanness; righteous anger愤慨，义愤

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exultant (v.) :exulting；triumphant；jubilant狂欢的；欣喜的；兴高采烈的 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

hamstring (v.) :disable by cutting a hamstring；lessen or destroy the power or effectiveness of割断…的腿腱以使残废；削弱(或破坏)…的力量(或功能)

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cretin (n.) :a person suffering from cretinism；a stupid person愚侏病者；白痴，傻瓜 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

let—up (v.) :a slackening or lessening。as of effort；a stop or pause放松(努力)；中止，休止 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- chink (n.) :a narrow opening；crack；fissure；slit缝隙；裂口 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

grueling (adj.) :extremely tiring；exhausting折磨人的；使人筋疲力竭的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- well—heeled (adj.) :[slang]rich；prosperous[俚]有钱的，富有的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- fashion (v.) :shape；mold塑造；做成

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constellation (n.) :the part of the heavens occupied by a number of fixed stars星座；星宿 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

languish (v.) :lose vigor and vitality；become weak变得萎靡不振；倦怠 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

hollow—eyed (adj.) :having deep—set eyes or dark areas under the eyes，as from sickness or fatigue(由于生病或疲倦)眼窝凹陷的，有黑眼圈的

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hulk (n.) :an abandoned wreck or shell废船

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surge (v.) :have a heavy，violent swelling motion；move in or as in a surge汹涌澎湃 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- perspiration (n.) :sweat汗

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wag (v.) :cause something to move rapidly and repeatedly back and forth，from side to side，or up and down摇摆。摇动

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bellow (v.) :cry out loudly, as in anger or pare。(由于愤怒或疼痛)大声叫 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

reel (v.) :give way or fall back；sway，waver, or stagger as from being struck倒退，退缩；站立不稳

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infamy (n.) : very bad reputation; notoriety; disgrace; dishonor臭名昭著；丢脸，耻辱；不名誉 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

turf (n.) :a surface layer of earth containing grass plants with their matted roots；sod草皮；草地 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

modulate (v.) :vary the pitch, intensity, etc.(of the voice), to a lower degree 使（声音）转调，是声音变低

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- knot-head (n.[slang]) :a foolish，stupid person笨蛋，痂汉

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jitterbug (n.) :a dance for couples；esp. in the early 1940’s，involving fast，acrobatic movements to swing music’[fig]an emotionally unstable person(尤指20世纪40年代的)吉特巴舞；[喻]变化无常的人

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短语 (Expressions)

nothing upstairs : (Am．slang)empty-headed；a nitwit没头脑的，愚笨的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- in the swinl : conforming to the current fashion赶时髦

例： She is always involved in the swim．她总是追求时髦。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

get one’s hands on : to obtain sth．得到，获得

例： They all want to get their hands on my money．他们都觊觎我的钱。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

go steady : to date someone of the opposite sex regularly and exclu-sively．be sweethearts约会，成为关系确定的情侣

例： When did you go steady with her?你和她是什么时候确定恋爱关系的? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

out of the picture : not considered as involved in a situation不相干的，不合适的

例： “Is Pam still with Eric?”“No，he’s out of the picture.”“帕姆还在跟埃里克在一起吗?”“没有，他们已经互不相干了。”

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get at : seem to be saying sth．that other people d0 not completely un-derstand暗示 例： What exactly are you getting at?你到底在暗示什么? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- have…at one’s finger tips : to be completely familiar with；精通 例： We have all the facts and figures at our fingers．我们已经掌握了所有的事实和数字。 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

go far : to accomplish much：achieve much success 成功，大有前途

例： Ginny’s a smart girl．and I’m sure she’u go far．吉尼是个聪明的姑娘，我相信她会成功的。

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knock out : to elicit enthusiasm or an emotional response，esp．deep sympathy or laughter使高兴，使情绪激动

例： The music was just brilliant it really knocked me out．这音乐太美妙了——它真让我激动。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- fire away : begin;start;esp.to talk or ask questions 开始谈话或提问 例： “I have some question.”“Fire away.”“我有问题。”“请问。” ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- hammer away(at) : t0 keep emphasizing or talking about一再强调

例： He kept hammering away at his demand for a public inquiry．他一再强调需要进行公众调查。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- month of Sundays : (colloq．)long time很久，很长的时间 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------