M3U2导学案

必修3 Unit 2 Language

话题8 学校生活(2)

[话题词汇]

【常见单词】

1．convenience n．方便 2．purpose n．目的

3．benefit n．利益，好处 v．收益，有益于 4．distinguish v．使表现突出 5．motivate v．激励 6．promote v．促进

7．express v．表达，表示 8．develop v．开发，发展，培养 9．tough adj.艰苦的 10．abundant adj.丰富的 【常见短语】 1．head for 前往

2．consist of 由„„组成 3．take part in 参加 4．in spite of 尽管 5．for the sake of 为了

[经典语篇]

【写作要求】 (2014·陕西高考)假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词。

写作要点：

1．表示对客人的欢迎；

2．介绍此项活动(如活动目的、内容等)； 3．表达对客人的祝愿。 写作要求：

1．词数不少于100；

2．称呼已经给出，请写欢迎词正文； 3．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 【参考范文】

Dear_American_guests， On behalf of our school，I would like to express our warm welcome to you.We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week activities.

As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today.①The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.The programme consists of the following

activities：recitation，singing，word spelling，story telling and so on.The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Centre.Dear guests，you are welcome to take part in some activities.I hope we students will benefit from your presence.

②I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us.Thank you.

[一试身手]

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【句型转换】

1．将句型①改为非谓语动词作主语。

Developing_our_interest_in_English_learning_and_practical_abilities_in_listening_and_speaking is the purpose of this programme.

2．将句型②改为复合句。

I sincerely wish_that_you_could_have_a_pleasant_time_with_us. 【完成句子】

1．为了方便起见，我们将利用这片空间。

For_the_sake_of_convenience we shall work with the space. 2．这些活动对我们很有益。 These activities benefit_us_a_lot. 3．英语角让我有机会凭借说一口流利的英语而扬名。

The English corner gives me a chance to distinguish_myself by speaking English fluently.

一、单词速览

1.occupy vt. 占领；占用 2．defeat vt. 击败，战胜

3．replace vt. 替换，代替，取代 4．raise vt. 养育

5．conclusion n. 结论；推论 6．custom n. 风俗，习俗 7．interrupt vt. 插嘴，打断

8．mistaken adj. 错误的；误解的 9．represent vt. 代表；展示，描绘 10．combine v. 组合；联合

11．indicate vt. 显示，表示；象征，暗示 12．convenient adj. 方便的 13．drag vt. 拖，拉

14．practical adj. 切实可行的，实用的 →practise v. 实践 →practice n. 实践 15．embarrass vt. 使尴尬，使难堪 →embarrassed adj. 感觉尴尬/难堪的

→embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬/难堪的 →embarrassment n. 困窘；尴尬；难堪

16．mixture n. 混合；混合体 →mix v. 混合；掺入→mixed adj. 混合的；男女混合的 17．contribution n. 贡献，捐赠 →contribute v. 捐助；投稿 18．concern n. 关心；忧虑 vt. 涉及；使担忧

→concerned adj. 担忧的；关心的；关切的；有关的 →concerning prep. 关于，涉及 19．distinction n. 区别，差别 →distinct adj. 明显的；清晰的；不同的 →distinguish v. 区分，辨别

20．access n. 通道；使用 vt. 进入；使用→accessible adj. 可得到的；易接近的；可进入的 【看单词，学构词】

在16.mixture中－ure是动词构成名词的后缀，所构成的名词表示行为或结果，类似的词还有：failure失败；closure关闭；exposure暴露；departure离开，启程；pressure压力，压强；pleasure高兴，愉快等。

二、短语快译

1.be_made_up_of_ 由„„组成(构成) 2．aside_from 除„„之外

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3．take_control_of_ 控制，取得对„„的控制 4．lead_to 导致

5．show_concern_for 对„„关心；担心 6．differ_from_ 和„„不同，不同于 7．stand_for_ 代表，象征

8．as_a_whole_ 作为整体，总体上 9．name_after 以„„命名

10．hold/lift_up_ 举起；延迟；耽误

11．take_up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等) 12．consist_of 包括

13．come_into_use_ 投入使用

14．contribute_to_ 有助于；是„„的成因之一

15._in_conclusion/_in_a_word 一句话，总之，简言之 三、句式构建

1．why引导表语从句

That is why_English_has_so_many_difficult_rules that confuse people.那就是为何英语有如此多复杂的使人迷惑的规则的原因。

2．not all部分否定

Not_all_characters were developed from drawings of objects.不是所有的汉字都是象形文字发展来的。 3．if＋从句，主句＋虚拟语气(would/should/might do) 如果„„，就会„„ If_I_knew his language，I would_get_along_with him better! 如果我懂他的语言，我就会和他更好地相处了！ 4．while表“虽然”引导让步状语从句

While_the_students_found_the_soldier's_idea_interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这一方法太过复杂，并不实用。

解析7个考纲单词

1．occupy vt.占领；占用(时间或空间)；使忙碌

(教材P22) Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland — the Angles and the Saxons — occupied Britain.然后，来自欧洲的两个日耳曼部落——盎格鲁人和撒克逊人——占领了不列颠。

(1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.

忙于(做)某事 (2)occupied adj. 忙碌的；占用的 be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事 be occupied with sth. 从事/忙于某事 (3)occupation n. 占领；职业，工作

①I'm occupying_myself_in writing a novel. 我正忙于写小说。

②They were_occupied_in clearing up the business left over by the old board. 他们忙于料理前任委员们留下来的事务。 2．replace vt.替换；代替；取代

(教材P23) ...，which led to Old English replacing Celtic.它导致了古英语代替凯尔特语。

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(1)replace sth./sb.by/with sth./sb. 用„„代替 be replaced by/with 被„„所替代

(2)take the place of sb./sth.＝take sb.'s/sth.'s place 取代某人/某物 in place of ＝in one's place 代替；取代

①(牛津P1469)It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks. 不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。 ②Who's taking my place?

＝Who's taking the_place_of me？谁来接替我？

③The chairman was ill so his deputy spoke in_his_place.有病，所以由副代为致辞。 3．concern n．关心；忧虑 vt.涉及；使担忧；对„„感兴趣

(教材P29)King Henry Ⅶ was a poet who showed great concern for language.亨利七世是一个关注语言的诗人。

(1)none of one's concern 与某人无关

show/express concern about/for... 对„„表示关心/担心 It is no concern of mine/yours. 这不关我/你的事。

(2)as/so far as...be concerned 就„„而言；依„„之见 be concerned about/for sth. 担心„„；关心„„ be concerned in/with... 与„„有关 be concerned over/at sth. 为某事忧虑 (3)concern oneself about/for 担忧；关心 (4)concerning prep. 关于；有关 ①(2013·江苏高考·任务型阅读)They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with.他们遵守规则，帮助别人克服困难，并且关心同事。

②So_far_as_the_brain_is_concerned,_it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.

就大脑而言，工作8至12小时之后它仍和开始一样好、一样敏捷。

③Her latest documentary is_concerned_with/in youth unemployment.她最近的一部纪录片是关于青年人失业问题的。

4．ban vt.& n．禁止；取缔

(教材P29)At one time the department banned some “borrowed words” from English，including “weekend” and “e－mail”．曾经有关部门禁止一些来自英语的“借用词”，包括“weekend”和“e－mail”。

(1)ban (sb.'s) doing 禁止(某人)做„„ ban sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 (2)ban on sth. „„的禁令

announce a ban on 宣布对„„的禁令 put/place/lay a ban on 颁布„„的禁令 lift a ban on 解除„„的禁令 under a ban 被禁止

①(牛津P114)She has been banned from driving for six months.已禁止她开车，为期六个月。 ②We have put_a_ban_on swimming in this lake. 我们已下令禁止在此湖中游泳。

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③The magazine is under_a_ban.那本杂志被禁了。

5．access vt.进入；使用；存取；获得 n．通道；(使用的)机会，权利

(教材P29)Today，the spread of “borrowed words” is mostly due to the easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world.

今天，“外来词”的传播主要是由于来自世界各地的容易获得的互联网和电视节目。

(1)have access to... 能够利用/享用„„

obtain/gain/get access to... 有„„机会或权利；得以进入 give sb.access to... 答应让某人使用„„

(2)be accessible to sb. 对某人来说可接近的；可进入的；可使用的

①A study suggests that, by giving you access to emails at all times, the smartphone adds as much as two hours to your working day.

一项调查显示，智能手机能让你随时查收邮件，会让你每天的工作时间延长多达两个小时。 ②It's not easy to gain access to the house through the window.通过窗户进入室内很困难。 ③He wants his music to be_accessible_to everyone. 他想让人人都听到他的音乐。 6．convenient adj.方便的

(教材P39)The whole system was not convenient for use.整个系统使用起来不方便。

(1)(sth.)be convenient to/for... 对„„来说某事是方便的 It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 某人做某事方便 (2)at one's convenience 方便的时候，在适宜的地方 for convenience 为了方便起见

①(牛津P367)It is very convenient to pay by credit card. 用信用卡付款非常方便。

②When else shall we meet again，if Sunday is not convenient for you? 要是星期日你不方便，那我们什么时候再碰头呢？ ③Come by to pick me up at_your_convenience. 在你方便的时候来接我。

④I keep my reference books near my desk for_convenience.为了方便起见，我把参考书放在书桌旁。 高考链接 (2012·天津高考)The secretary arranged a(n) ____ time and space for the applicants to have an interview. A．important B．spare C．public D．convenient

【解析】 本题四个选项都为常见形容词。A项important意为“重要的”；B项spare意为“闲暇的”；C项public意为“公众的”；D项convenient意为“方便的”。句意：这位秘书为参加面试的所有应聘者安排好了方便的时间和地点。联系生活实际可推知，秘书的工作职责之一应该是做一些能够提供便利的事情。故答案为D。

7．consist vi.组成，构成

consist of＝be made up to 由„„组成

consist in 在于 consist with 与„„相一致 ①(2013·天津高考·阅读理解A)The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. 阅读的地方，主要由桌子和椅子组成。

②Happiness does not consist_in how many possessions you own.幸福不在于你有多少钱。

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[单词对点集训]

单项填空

1．With few people ________ pigs，the price of pork ________.

A．rising；rises B．raising；raises C．rising；raises D．raising；rises

【解析】 raise意为“饲养”。rise指日、月、星辰、价格等上涨。句意：由于养猪的人少，猪肉价格上涨。【答案】 D

2．Farmers began to use tractors to ________ cattle for farming work.

A．replace B．take place of C．in place of D．take the place

【解析】 replace＝take the place of意为“代替„„”；而in place of 是介词短语，此处应用不定式；take place 发生。【答案】 A

3．Several strong winds may ________ into a hurricane when the suitable temperature is met.

A．combine B．unite C．mix D．connect

【解析】 “combine into”指连接成为一体。句意：„„几股强风构成飓风。unite “团结，连接起来”，mix “混为一体”，connect “连接”，不和into连用。【答案】 A

4．Very generally，grammar is ________ with the relations between words in sentences.

A．regarded B．satisfied C．concerned D．suited

【解析】句意：一般来说，语法与句子中词与词之间的关系有关。be concerned with与„„有关 C 5．Her mother ________ the girl to leave the house before she had finished her homework.

A．prevented B．banned C．forbade D．prohibited

【解析】 句意：母亲不许女儿做完作业之前离开家。forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事，其他选项后不能跟不定式作复合宾语。【答案】 C

6．According to a UN report,30 percent of the world population have no ________ to clean drinking water and health care.

A．sense B．chance C．access D．standard 【解析】 句意：根据一份联合国的报告，世界上30%的人口没有干净的饮用水和健康保障。have no access to没有机会利用，access使用。sense意义，感觉；chance机会；standard标准，均与句意不符 C 7．The house hasn't been ________ by anyone for a few months.

A．employed B．hired C．occupied D．rent

【解析】 句意：这套房子已经好几个月没有人住了。这里occupy意为“占据，居住”，符合语境。employ和hire指“雇人”；rent表示“租房子”，形式不对，它的过去分词应为rented，故选C。 8．It has been proved that every substance，no matter what it is，________ of atoms.

A．consists B．is consisted C．is consisting D．has been consisted

【解析】 考查语态和时态。consist of意为“由„„组成”，不能用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。句意：现已证明，无论是什么物质，都是由原子组成的。【答案】 A 9．—Would it be ________ for you to come at 9：00 am tomorrow?

—Can we make it a little earlier？I have another meeting at 10：30 am. A．convenient B．comfortable C．vacant D．free

【解析】 考查形容词辨析。句意：——你方便明早九点来吗？——我们能早一点儿吗？我十点半还有一个会。convenient便利的，方便的，常用于it is convenient for sb.to do sth.结构。comfortable舒服的；vacant空的，空缺的；free自由的，均不符合题意。【答案】 A

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10．She always differs ________ me ________ how to spend the vacation.

A．on；with B．with；on C．at；with D．from；in

【解析】 differ with sb. on...关于„„和某人意见不同。【答案】 B

分析3个高考短语

1．be made up of 由„„组成(构成)

make up组成，表示“部分构成整体”，用于主动语态；如果用整体作主语，必须用被动结构be made up of，这时可以和consist of互换。

(教材P22)The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.

英语是由这些人带到英国的语法和词汇构成的。

be made of/from/out of 由„„制成 be made into 被制成

make up 组成；编制；弥补；化妆；和解 make up for 补偿；赔偿

make for 走向„„；有助于„„ make out 理解，辨认出

①I couldn't make_out what he wanted on earth. 我不明白他到底要什么。

②When the bell for supper rang，all the students made_for the dining－room.晚饭铃响了，学生们都涌向食堂。

2．lead to 导致；通向 (2013·江苏高考·任务型阅读)But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. 但是缺乏社交技巧的责任心会导致问题。

和介词to搭配的动词短语

be addicted to 沉溺于„„，对„„上瘾 belong to 属于

contribute to 为„„做贡献，为„„撰稿 devote to 献身，致力于„„

get down to 开始做某事，认真处理某事 look forward to 盼望，期待

refer to 提到，涉及，关系到；参考，查阅 stick to 坚持，不改变或不放弃 turn to 转向，求助于，转而做 see to 负责

①We are so much looking forward to seeing you again. 我们非常盼望再见到你。

②What I have to say refers_to all of you. 我要说的事和你们大家都有关。

③He has devoted_his_life_to helping disabled people. 他一生献身于帮助残疾人。

④It's time I got_down_to some serious work.

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我该认真干点正事了。 高考链接 (2012·湖北高考)I'm so glad you've come here to ________ this matter in person. A．lead to B．see to C．turn to D．refer to

【解析】 lead to“导致，引起”；see to“负责，注意，照料，处理”；turn to“转向，求助于”；refer to“提到，谈起，参考，咨询”。由句意“我很高兴你亲自来这儿处理这件事情。”可知此处选B。 3．stand for 代表，象征；赞同，支持；容忍，忍受

(教材P38)The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that，instead of an alphabet，it uses characters which stand for ideas，objects or deeds.

汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。

stand against 靠„„站着；反对 stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观 stand out 突出，显眼，引人注目 stand up for 支持

①Some people stood against the project.有些人反对这项工程。

②You cannot stand_by and allow such a thing.你不能袖手旁观，听任发生这样的事。

③Her bright red hair made her_stand_out_from the others.她那亮红色的秀发使她格外显眼。

[短语对点集训]

单项填空

1．This kind of software for English study ________ a lot of students who are weak in oral English. A．leads to B．appeals against C．contributes to D．appeals to

【解析】 句意：这种学习英语的软件对许多英语口语不好的学生有很大的吸引力。lead to 导致； contribute to贡献，捐款； appeal to吸引，上诉。【答案】 D 2．We have ten players，so we need one more to ________ a team.

A．make for B．make out C．make up D．make up for

【解析】 句意：我们已有十名运动员，尚需一名才能组成一个队。make up意为“凑够，补足”；A项“向„„前进”；B项“看清，分清”；D项“补偿”。A、B、D三项意义与句意不符。C

3．To be honest，I really don't know what SOS ________.Can you explain it? A．stands by B．stands for C．stands up D．stands with

【解析】 句意：老实说，我真不知道SOS代表什么。你能解释一下吗？stand by支持；stand for代表；stand up起立；stand with和某人在一起。【答案】 B

4．The whole book he wrote ________ three parts.It's mainly about Ming Dynasty. A．consists in B．makes up C．consists of D．is consisted of

【解析】 consist of “由„„组成”，没有被动式和进行时。consist in在于；make up组成。句意：他写的整部书由三部分组成，主要是有关明朝的。【答案】 C 5．They took the wrong train and ________ at a small station. A．picked up B．ended up C．held up

D．died up

【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。pick up“捡起，偶然学会”；end up“最终成为，最后处于”；hold up“举起，抬高，承担”；die up无此搭配。句意：他们坐错了火车，结果来到了一个小站。故B项符合。【答案】 B

6．—You're coughing badly，Martin.Why not give up smoking?

—Give up smoking？Easier said than done，Amy.Once you ________ the habit of smoking，it is very

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hard for you to ________.

A．keep up；break it away B．take up；drop it out

C．pick up；get rid of it D．build up；do away with it

【解析】 句意：——马丁，你咳嗽得很厉害，为什么不戒烟呢？——戒烟？说起来容易做起来难，艾米。你一旦养成了这个习惯，就很难戒掉。pick up在此句中表示“养成，形成”；keep up表示“保持”；take up表示“从事”；build up表示“发展，增大”；break away表示“脱离”；drop out表示“退出”；get rid of表示“摆脱，除去”；do away with表示“摆脱，废除，取消”。【答案】 C 7．_____ the technological requirements of the new system, other important problems have to be resolved. A．Next to B．Aside from C．Rather than D．Contrary to

【解析】 句意：除了新系统的技术要求，其他重要问题也需要解决。Next to隔壁，相邻；Rather than而不是；Contrary to与„„相反。【答案】 B

剖析2个高考句型

1．(教材P38)Not_all characters were developed from drawings of objects.不是所有的汉字都是象形文字发展来的。

句法分析：这是一个部分否定句。not all＝all...not，意思是“并非所有„„都”。所以原句还可以说成However，all characters are not used to describe objects。

(1)在英语里有一些用来表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词，如all，every(及everybody，everything等)，both，always，quite，wholly，entirely，altogether，completely等与not 连用时，句子并非表示全部否定。

(2)all，both，every，always，以及entirely，altogether，completely，quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如no，none，neither，no one，never，not (never)．..at all 等。

(3)含有seldom，hardly，little 等词的句子也有表示部分否定的情况。 ①(2013·安徽高考·阅读理解E)Though not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.虽然不是每个人都赞成新的舞蹈，说它太令人震惊，但这种舞蹈的确找到了足够的支持者使它受到了欢迎。

②Not all birds can fly.并不是所有的鸟都会飞。

③Although these were good students，none had a score above 60.虽然这些都是好学生，但没一个人得分超过60。

④I can't_catch_everything in the book.我没有完全掌握书中的内容。 高考链接 (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)It's an either－or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can't do ______.

A．others B．either C．another D．both

【解析】 句意：这是一个二选一的情况——我们要么今年买一辆新车要么去度假，但是我们不能二者兼得。分析句意可知，这是在两者之间进行选择，所以排除A、C两项，either用在否定句中表示全部否定，而both用在否定句中表示部分否定，所以选D。

2．(教材P39)While the students found the soldier's idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.

虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这一方法太过复杂，并不实用。

句法分析：while放在了句首，引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然„„，尽管„„”。

9

while用法小结

(1)引导时间状语，while后的从句谓语动词只能是延续性动词，强调主从句的两个动词同时发生。 (2)引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然„„但是„„”、“尽管„„但是„„”(多放于句首)。 (3)引导条件状语，意思是“只要”。

(4)作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而”，表对比。而but表转折。

①(牛津P2011)While I was waiting at the bus stop，three buses went by in the opposite direction. 我在汽车站等车时，相反方向驶过了三辆汽车。

②While_there_is_life，there is hope.只要生命存在，就有希望。

③Some people waste food while_others_don't_haveenough.有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。

[句型对点集训]

单项填空

1．How nice it ________ if you ________ a bit longer!

A．would be；could stay B．is；can stay C．should be；stay D．was；are able to stay 【解析】 考查虚拟语气。句意：要是你能多待会儿那该多好啊！由句意可知，对方不能再待了，所以后边应用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去时，主句用情态动词＋动词原形。【答案】 A

2．(2011·陕西高考)________ all of them are strong candidates，only one will be chosen for the post. A．Since B．While C．If D．As

【解析】 考查让步状语从句。while的意思是“虽然，尽管”，相当于though或although。句意：虽然他们都是很有实力的候选人，但只有一个人会被选中担任这个职务。【答案】 B 3．In our daily life，money is very important in a way, but it isn't ________ . A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing

【解析】 not...everything表示部分否定，由but可知部分否定形式合乎题意。该题易误选C项。not...anything＝nothing表示全部否定。【答案】 A

4．I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer，which is ________ he never finishes anything. A．that B．when C．where D．why

【解析】 考查表语从句。句意：与其说他是个实干家不如说他更像个空谈家，恐怕那就是他一事无成的原因。本句“which is...”引导的一个非性定语从句中有一个表语从句，根据句意用“why”引导。 D

[教材语法集训]疑问词引导的名词性从句

单项填空

1．It hasn't been made clear ________ the new underground line is to be open to traffic.

A．when B．that C．what D．where

【解析】 句意：新的地铁线路何时开放还不清楚。句中it是形式主语，空处引导的是主语从句。根据句意可知选when。【答案】 A 2．(2014·安徽马鞍山两校联考)China is developing fast. That's ________ I think those of my colleagues who deal with Chinese affairs should visit China.

A．because B．why C．when D．how

【解析】 句意：中国在飞速发展，那是我认为我的那些跟中国打交道的同事应该访问中国的原因。引导词在表语从句中作原因状语，故选B。

3．You could see the runners very well from ________ we stood.

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A．which B．where C．that D．when

【解析】 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作地点状语，所以用where。句意：从我们站的这个地方可以很好地看见赛跑的运动员。【答案】 B

4．Please remember ________ wins your respect is not your background but your knowledge and virtues.

A．that B．what C．which D．where

【解析】 考查主语从句。句意：请记住，为你赢得尊重的不是你的背景，而是你的知识和美德。题干中remember之后为宾语从句，在从句中，what wins your respect又为主语从句。【答案】 B 5．I just wonder ________ that makes him so excited.

A．why it does B．what he does C．how it is D．what it is

【解析】 句意：我只是想知道什么使他如此的兴奋。此句中含有what引导的宾语从句，在宾语从句中又有个强调句型it is that...，强调主语。【答案】 D

6．It is not immediately clear ________ the financial crisis will soon be over.

A．since B．what C．when D．whether

【解析】 it作形式主语，空格处为主语从句的引导词。句意：金融危机是否会很快结束不会立刻明了的。若主语从句中去掉soon，也可以选C项，即“金融危机什么时候会结束”。what在从句中不能与其他成分搭配；since“自从„„以来”，不符合句意。【答案】 D

[高考24话题微写作]

话题(八) 语言学习——语言的使用

【写作素材】

提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇或句型表达。

1．“汉字和汉语作为载体把最好的中国文化推向全世界起了不可估量的作用。”中国常驻联合国代表李保东说。

_______________________________________________ 2．我们看到中国和其他国家之间的交流越来越多。 _______________________________________________ 3．中国国际地位的增加激起了其他国家学汉语的热情。 _______________________________________________

4．学习和理解对方的语言无疑有助于不同文明的交流和融合。 _______________________________________________ 5．掌握汉语会促进世界和平、合作和繁荣。

_______________________________________________

双基达标卷

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．We should develop the children's ability of ________ (结合)theory with practice. 2. A red sky at night ________(表明) fine weather the following day.

3．The quality－oriented education will ________(取代)the present education. 4．All ________(捐资；捐款)will be gratefully received.

5．Most of the field work ________(构成；由„„组成)of making tape recordings. 6．How does he ________ (忙于) himself now that he's retired?

7．A bicycle's often far more ________ (方便) than a car in busy cities. 8．The only ________(通道) to the farmhouse is across the fields. 9．In her last days the poet expressed ________(关爱) for her father.

10．The sudden noise from the next room ________(打断)my train of thinking.

11．She was picked out from the whole class to __________(代表)them at the other school.

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12．It's not the beauty so much as the range of his voice that ____________(区分) Hanks from other singers.

13. Do you think you can ____________(招募) an army quickly enough to defend us against attack?

14．We all thought Ben would __________ (打败) all the other competitors and win first place, but somehow he lost.

15. Let me see all the ____________ (正式的) documents concerning the sale of this land.

【答案 1.combining 2.indicate 3.replace 4.contributions 5.consisted 6.occupy 7.convenient 8.access9．concern10.interrupted11.represent 12.distinguishes 13.raise 14.defeat 15.official

Ⅱ.选词填空

make up；concentrate on；as a whole；take control of；stand for；depend on；in that；consist of；aside from；lead to

1．________，the weather has been fine this month. 2．The table ________ of three parts is easy to carry.

3．The company，________ by a wise manager，develops very smoothly. 4．What do the initial QC ________？

5．________being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.

6．A medical team ________ two doctors and three nurses are setting out for Africa.

7．Traditional Chinese sports are similar to the western sports ________ both are meant to improve people's health.

8．Whether we will hold a sports meet tomorrow ________ the weather.

【答案】 1.As a whole 2.made up 3.taken control of 4.stand for 5.Aside from 6.consisting of 7.in that 8．depends on

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．在新浪微博上传播谣言，这就是为什么秦火火被捕的原因。

He spread rumors on Sina Weibo. ____________ Qin Huohuo was arrested. 2．她喜欢高富帅，然而他却不喜欢白富美。

She likes a tall, rich and handsome guy __________ he doesn't like a white, rich and beautiful girl. 3．并不是所有的年轻人都喜欢相亲大会。

__________ the young people like match－making event.

4．让全国人民感到平易近人。President Xi is ________________ the whole Chinese people. 5．鸟通常只和其他同类的鸟一起飞翔。

Birds usually only fly together with other birds ________________.

【答案】 1.That's why 2.while 3.Not all 4.kind/ accessible to 5.of the same kind

考能提升卷

Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2014·苏州实验中学模拟)—May I speak to Mr. Smith?

—I am afraid not. He is at a meeting now. It's not ________. A．reliable B．convenient C．beneficial D．available

【解析】 句意：——我可以和史密斯先生讲话吗？——恐怕不行，他现在正在开会。不太方便。reliable“可靠的”；convenient方便的；beneficial有益的；available可利用的，可得到的。【答案】 B 2．(2014·南通第一中学摸底)Eating too much fatty food and smoking can ________ your future risk of heart disease.

A．rise B．stop C．move D．raise

【解析】 句意：吃太多油腻的食物和吸烟会增加你未来患心脏病的风险。raise ...risk意为“增加„„的风险”。【答案】 D

3．Stephen was chosen to ________ the company at the conference.

12

A．express B．represent C．expose D．relate

【解析】 句意：Stephen被选出代表公司参加会议。represent“代表(某人或团体等发言)”，符合语境。express“表达，陈述”；expose“揭发，揭露(事实、等)”；relate“把„„联系起来，有关联；讲述”。【答案】 B 4．(2014·天一中学高三检测)I regret to inform you that your brother is just the one we'll get someone ______.

A．replace B．replacing C．to replace D．replaced

【解析】 句意：很抱歉通知你，我们要找人替换的那个人就是你哥哥。由句意可知应选C项。get sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”。we'll get someone to replace是省略了that的定语从句。修饰限定先行词the one, that在从句中作replace的宾语。【答案】 C 5．(2014·镇江高三模拟)The old couple used to live deep in the countryside, without easy ________ to shops.

A．arrival B．access C．transport D．convenience

【解析】 句意：这对老夫妇过去住在偏远的乡村里，没有去商店的便捷通道。access“通路；通道”，符合语境。arrival“到达，抵达”；transport“交通运输”；convenience“方便”。【答案】 B 6．(2014·盐城高三模拟)After a day's exhausting climb we arrived at ________ we had been told was “Garden in the Air”．

A．what B．which C．that D．where

【解析】 句意：经过一天筋疲力尽的攀登，我们到达了被告知是“空中花园”的那个地方。此处为what引导宾语从句，作arrived at的宾语。【答案】 A 7．(2014·湖北黄冈部分中学高三调研)The concept of a data shadow has become a(n)________ because it is difficult to control who is looking at a person's data shadow, what conclusions he is drawing and what actions he is taking based on those conclusions.

A．promise B．anxiety C．worry D．concern

【解析】 句意：阴影数据这个概念引起关注，是因为谁在查看个人的阴影数据、他会从中得出什么结论以及基于那些结论他会采取何种行动都是难以控制的。concern“关注；担忧；重要的事情”，符合句意。【答案】 D 8．(2014·苏州模拟)The growth of GDP in China will be largely slowed down in the next few years ________ it mainly relies on the exploration of the resources available.

A．except that B．in that C．thanks to D．due to

【解析】 句意：在今后的几年中，中国的GDP增长会大大减慢，因为它主要依靠可用资源的开发。in that“因为，由于”，符合题意。except that“除„„之外”；due to与thanks to都表示原因，但to为介词，后不能跟从句。【答案】 B 9．(2014·合肥八中模拟)We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only ________ violence.

A．runs into B．comes from C．leads to D．begins with

【解析】 句意：我们坚决认为战争不会解决任何事情，只会导致暴力。run into“撞上”；come from“来自”；lead to“导致”；begin with“以„„开始”。【答案】 C 10．(2014·宿迁高三模拟)As we all know, the English language ________ the grammar and vocabulary that people from different countries and cultures brought to Britain.

A．consists of B．is consisted of C．makes up of D．makes up

【解析】 句意：我们都知道，英语是由来自不同国家和文化的人们所带到英国的语法和词汇组成的。consist of“由„„组成”，不用于被动语态，相当于be made up of；make up“组成”。故选A。

13

11．(2014·常州高级中学检测)The doctor thought ________ would be good for you to have a holiday.

A．this B．that C．one D．it

【解析】 句意：医生认为度假对你有好处。不定式短语“to have a holiday” 在宾语从句中作真正的主语，it作形式主语，故选D。 12．(2014·安徽名校联考)I haven't read ________ of his two books, but judging from the one I have read, I think he's a very promising writer.

A．any B．none C．both D．either

【解析】 句意：我没有全部读完他的两本书，但从我读的那本来看，我认为他是一位很有前途的作家。not ...both“两者不都是”，表示部分否定，符合句意。not ...any全部否定(三者或三者以上)；not ...either也表示全部否定(用于两者)；而not ...none双重否定表肯定。【答案】 C 13．(2014·皖南八校第三次联考)It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man ______ the other animals.

A．with B．from C．between D．among

【解析】 句意：正是高超的智力和语言的使用把人和其他动物区别开来。distinguish ...from ...“把„„和„„区分开”。【答案】 B

14．________ himself with routine tasks, he had no time to accompany his children.

A．Occupying B．Occupied C．Being occupied D．To be occupied

【解析】 句意：因忙于日常工作，他没时间陪伴孩子。occupy oneself with ...“忙于某事”，he与occupy之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式作原因状语。【答案】 A 15．—You can have a pet dog，but suppose you get bored with it in a few days.________？

—We won't，we promise!

A．Then what B．All right C．How come D．So what

【解析】 考查交际用语。句意：——你们可以养只宠物狗，但是假如过了几天你们厌烦了。下一步会怎么样呢？——我们保证不会厌烦的。A项为“下一步会怎样？下一步怎么办？”；B项为“好吧”，表示赞同别人的建议；C项为“怎么会呢？”表示惊讶；D项为“那又怎样？”表示对某事不关心或认为某事不重要。根据句意应选择A项。

14

必修3 Unit 2 Language（学生版）

话题8 学校生活(2)

[话题词汇]

【常见单词】

1．convenience n．方便 2．purpose n．目的

3．benefit n．利益，好处 v．收益，有益于 4．distinguish v．使表现突出 5．motivate v．激励 6．promote v．促进

7．express v．表达，表示 8．develop v．开发，发展，培养 9．tough adj.艰苦的 10．abundant adj.丰富的 【常见短语】 1．head for 前往

2．consist of 由„„组成 3．take part in 参加 4．in spite of 尽管 5．for the sake of 为了

[经典语篇]

【写作要求】 (2014·陕西高考)假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词。

写作要点：

1．表示对客人的欢迎；

2．介绍此项活动(如活动目的、内容等)； 3．表达对客人的祝愿。 写作要求：

1．词数不少于100；

2．称呼已经给出，请写欢迎词正文； 3．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 【参考范文】

Dear_American_guests， On behalf of our school，I would like to express our warm welcome to you.We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week activities.

As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today.①The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.The programme consists of the following

activities：recitation，singing，word spelling，story telling and so on.The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Centre.Dear guests，you are welcome to take part in some activities.I hope we students will benefit from your presence.

②I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us.Thank you.

[一试身手]

【句型转换】

15

1．将句型①改为非谓语动词作主语。

Developing_our_interest_in_English_learning_and_practical_abilities_in_listening_and_speaking is the purpose of this programme.

2．将句型②改为复合句。

I sincerely wish_that_you_could_have_a_pleasant_time_with_us. 【完成句子】

1．为了方便起见，我们将利用这片空间。

For_the_sake_of_convenience we shall work with the space. 2．这些活动对我们很有益。 These activities benefit_us_a_lot. 3．英语角让我有机会凭借说一口流利的英语而扬名。

The English corner gives me a chance to distinguish_myself by speaking English fluently.

一、单词速览

1.occupy vt. 占领；占用 2．defeat vt. 击败，战胜

3．replace vt. 替换，代替，取代 4．raise vt. 养育

5．conclusion n. 结论；推论 6．custom n. 风俗，习俗 7．interrupt vt. 插嘴，打断

8．mistaken adj. 错误的；误解的 9．represent vt. 代表；展示，描绘 10．combine v. 组合；联合

11．indicate vt. 显示，表示；象征，暗示 12．convenient adj. 方便的 13．drag vt. 拖，拉

14．practical adj. 切实可行的，实用的 →practise v. 实践 →practice n. 实践 15．embarrass vt. 使尴尬，使难堪 →embarrassed adj. 感觉尴尬/难堪的

→embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬/难堪的 →embarrassment n. 困窘；尴尬；难堪

16．mixture n. 混合；混合体 →mix v. 混合；掺入→mixed adj. 混合的；男女混合的 17．contribution n. 贡献，捐赠 →contribute v. 捐助；投稿 18．concern n. 关心；忧虑 vt. 涉及；使担忧

→concerned adj. 担忧的；关心的；关切的；有关的 →concerning prep. 关于，涉及 20．distinction n. 区别，差别 →distinct adj. 明显的；清晰的；不同的 →distinguish v. 区分，辨别

20．access n. 通道；使用 vt. 进入；使用→accessible adj. 可得到的；易接近的；可进入的 【看单词，学构词】

在16.mixture中－ure是动词构成名词的后缀，所构成的名词表示行为或结果，类似的词还有：failure失败；closure关闭；exposure暴露；departure离开，启程；pressure压力，压强；pleasure高兴，愉快等。

二、短语快译

1.be_made_up_of_ 由„„组成(构成) 2．aside_from 除„„之外

3．take_control_of_ 控制，取得对„„的控制

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4．lead_to 导致

5．show_concern_for 对„„关心；担心 6．differ_from_ 和„„不同，不同于 7．stand_for_ 代表，象征

8．as_a_whole_ 作为整体，总体上 9．name_after 以„„命名

10．hold/lift_up_ 举起；延迟；耽误

11．take_up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等) 12．consist_of 包括

13．come_into_use_ 投入使用

14．contribute_to_ 有助于；是„„的成因之一

15._in_conclusion/_in_a_word 一句话，总之，简言之 三、句式构建

1．why引导表语从句

That is why_English_has_so_many_difficult_rules that confuse people.那就是为何英语有如此多复杂的使人迷惑的规则的原因。

2．not all部分否定

Not_all_characters were developed from drawings of objects.不是所有的汉字都是象形文字发展来的。 3．if＋从句，主句＋虚拟语气(would/should/might do) 如果„„，就会„„ If_I_knew his language，I would_get_along_with him better! 如果我懂他的语言，我就会和他更好地相处了！ 4．while表“虽然”引导让步状语从句

While_the_students_found_the_soldier's_idea_interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这一方法太过复杂，并不实用。

解析7个考纲单词

1．occupy vt.占领；占用(时间或空间)；使忙碌

(教材P22) Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland — the Angles and the Saxons — occupied Britain.然后，来自欧洲的两个日耳曼部落——盎格鲁人和撒克逊人——占领了不列颠。

(1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.

忙于(做)某事 (2)occupied adj. 忙碌的；占用的 be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事 be occupied with sth. 从事/忙于某事 (3)occupation n. 占领；职业，工作

①I'm occupying_myself_in writing a novel. 我正忙于写小说。

②They were_occupied_in clearing up the business left over by the old board. 他们忙于料理前任委员们留下来的事务。 2．replace vt.替换；代替；取代

(教材P23) ...，which led to Old English replacing Celtic.它导致了古英语代替凯尔特语。

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(1)replace sth./sb.by/with sth./sb. 用„„代替 be replaced by/with 被„„所替代

(2)take the place of sb./sth.＝take sb.'s/sth.'s place 取代某人/某物 in place of ＝in one's place 代替；取代

①(牛津P1469)It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks. 不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。 ②Who's taking my place?

＝Who's taking the_place_of me？谁来接替我？

③The chairman was ill so his deputy spoke in_his_place.有病，所以由副代为致辞。 3．concern n．关心；忧虑 vt.涉及；使担忧；对„„感兴趣

(教材P29)King Henry Ⅶ was a poet who showed great concern for language.亨利七世是一个关注语言的诗人。

(1)none of one's concern 与某人无关

show/express concern about/for... 对„„表示关心/担心 It is no concern of mine/yours. 这不关我/你的事。

(2)as/so far as...be concerned 就„„而言；依„„之见 be concerned about/for sth. 担心„„；关心„„ be concerned in/with... 与„„有关 be concerned over/at sth. 为某事忧虑 (3)concern oneself about/for 担忧；关心 (4)concerning prep. 关于；有关 ①(2013·江苏高考·任务型阅读)They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with.他们遵守规则，帮助别人克服困难，并且关心同事。

②So_far_as_the_brain_is_concerned,_it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.

就大脑而言，工作8至12小时之后它仍和开始一样好、一样敏捷。

③Her latest documentary is_concerned_with/in youth unemployment.她最近的一部纪录片是关于青年人失业问题的。

4．ban vt.& n．禁止；取缔

(教材P29)At one time the department banned some “borrowed words” from English，including “weekend” and “e－mail”．曾经有关部门禁止一些来自英语的“借用词”，包括“weekend”和“e－mail”。

(1)ban (sb.'s) doing 禁止(某人)做„„ ban sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 (2)ban on sth. „„的禁令

announce a ban on 宣布对„„的禁令 put/place/lay a ban on 颁布„„的禁令 lift a ban on 解除„„的禁令 under a ban 被禁止

①(牛津P114)She has been banned from driving for six months.已禁止她开车，为期六个月。 ②We have put_a_ban_on swimming in this lake. 我们已下令禁止在此湖中游泳。

③The magazine is under_a_ban.那本杂志被禁了。

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5．access vt.进入；使用；存取；获得 n．通道；(使用的)机会，权利

(教材P29)Today，the spread of “borrowed words” is mostly due to the easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world.

今天，“外来词”的传播主要是由于来自世界各地的容易获得的互联网和电视节目。

(1)have access to... 能够利用/享用„„

obtain/gain/get access to... 有„„机会或权利；得以进入 give sb.access to... 答应让某人使用„„

(2)be accessible to sb. 对某人来说可接近的；可进入的；可使用的

①A study suggests that, by giving you access to emails at all times, the smartphone adds as much as two hours to your working day.

一项调查显示，智能手机能让你随时查收邮件，会让你每天的工作时间延长多达两个小时。 ②It's not easy to gain access to the house through the window.通过窗户进入室内很困难。 ③He wants his music to be_accessible_to everyone. 他想让人人都听到他的音乐。 6．convenient adj.方便的

(教材P39)The whole system was not convenient for use.整个系统使用起来不方便。

(1)(sth.)be convenient to/for... 对„„来说某事是方便的 It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 某人做某事方便 (2)at one's convenience 方便的时候，在适宜的地方 for convenience 为了方便起见

①(牛津P367)It is very convenient to pay by credit card. 用信用卡付款非常方便。

②When else shall we meet again，if Sunday is not convenient for you? 要是星期日你不方便，那我们什么时候再碰头呢？ ③Come by to pick me up at_your_convenience. 在你方便的时候来接我。

④I keep my reference books near my desk for_convenience.为了方便起见，我把参考书放在书桌旁。 高考链接 (2012·天津高考)The secretary arranged a(n) ____ time and space for the applicants to have an interview. A．important B．spare C．public D．convenient 7．consist vi.组成，构成

consist of＝be made up to 由„„组成

consist in 在于 consist with 与„„相一致 ①(2013·天津高考·阅读理解A)The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. 阅读的地方，主要由桌子和椅子组成。

②Happiness does not consist_in how many possessions you own.幸福不在于你有多少钱。

[单词对点集训]

单项填空

1．With few people ________ pigs，the price of pork ________.

A．rising；rises B．raising；raises C．rising；raises D．raising；rises 2．Farmers began to use tractors to ________ cattle for farming work.

A．replace B．take place of C．in place of D．take the place

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3．Several strong winds may ________ into a hurricane when the suitable temperature is met.

A．combine B．unite C．mix D．connect 4．Very generally，grammar is ________ with the relations between words in sentences.

A．regarded B．satisfied C．concerned D．suited

5．Her mother ________ the girl to leave the house before she had finished her homework.

A．prevented B．banned C．forbade D．prohibited

6．According to a UN report,30 percent of the world population have no ________ to clean drinking water and health care.

A．sense B．chance C．access D．standard 7．The house hasn't been ________ by anyone for a few months.

A．employed B．hired C．occupied D．rent 8．It has been proved that every substance，no matter what it is，________ of atoms.

A．consists B．is consisted C．is consisting D．has been consisted 9．—Would it be ________ for you to come at 9：00 am tomorrow?

—Can we make it a little earlier？I have another meeting at 10：30 am. A．convenient B．comfortable C．vacant D．free 10．She always differs ________ me ________ how to spend the vacation.

A．on；with B．with；on C．at；with D．from；in

分析3个高考短语

1．be made up of 由„„组成(构成)

make up组成，表示“部分构成整体”，用于主动语态；如果用整体作主语，必须用被动结构be made up of，这时可以和consist of互换。

(教材P22)The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.

英语是由这些人带到英国的语法和词汇构成的。

be made of/from/out of 由„„制成 be made into 被制成

make up 组成；编制；弥补；化妆；和解 make up for 补偿；赔偿

make for 走向„„；有助于„„ make out 理解，辨认出

①I couldn't make_out what he wanted on earth. 我不明白他到底要什么。

②When the bell for supper rang，all the students made_for the dining－room.晚饭铃响了，学生们都涌向食堂。

2．lead to 导致；通向 (2013·江苏高考·任务型阅读)But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. 但是缺乏社交技巧的责任心会导致问题。

和介词to搭配的动词短语

be addicted to 沉溺于„„，对„„上瘾 belong to 属于

contribute to 为„„做贡献，为„„撰稿

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devote to 献身，致力于„„

get down to 开始做某事，认真处理某事 look forward to 盼望，期待

refer to 提到，涉及，关系到；参考，查阅 stick to 坚持，不改变或不放弃 turn to 转向，求助于，转而做 see to 负责

①We are so much looking forward to seeing you again. 我们非常盼望再见到你。

②What I have to say refers_to all of you. 我要说的事和你们大家都有关。

③He has devoted_his_life_to helping disabled people. 他一生献身于帮助残疾人。

④It's time I got_down_to some serious work. 我该认真干点正事了。 高考链接 (2012·湖北高考)I'm so glad you've come here to ________ this matter in person. A．lead to B．see to C．turn to D．refer to 3．stand for 代表，象征；赞同，支持；容忍，忍受

(教材P38)The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that，instead of an alphabet，it uses characters which stand for ideas，objects or deeds.

汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。

stand against 靠„„站着；反对 stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观 stand out 突出，显眼，引人注目 stand up for 支持

①Some people stood against the project.有些人反对这项工程。

②You cannot stand_by and allow such a thing.你不能袖手旁观，听任发生这样的事。

③Her bright red hair made her_stand_out_from the others.她那亮红色的秀发使她格外显眼。

[短语对点集训]

单项填空

1．This kind of software for English study ________ a lot of students who are weak in oral English.

A．leads to B．appeals against C．contributes to D．appeals to 2．We have ten players，so we need one more to ________ a team.

A．make for B．make out C．make up D．make up for 3．To be honest，I really don't know what SOS ________.Can you explain it?

A．stands by B．stands for C．stands up D．stands with 4．The whole book he wrote ________ three parts.It's mainly about Ming Dynasty.

A．consists in B．makes up C．consists of D．is consisted of 5．They took the wrong train and ________ at a small station.

A．picked up B．ended up C．held up D．died up 6．—You're coughing badly，Martin.Why not give up smoking?

—Give up smoking？Easier said than done，Amy.Once you ________ the habit of smoking，it is very hard for you to ________.

A．keep up；break it away B．take up；drop it out

C．pick up；get rid of it D．build up；do away with it

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7．_____ the technological requirements of the new system, other important problems have to be resolved.

A．Next to B．Aside from C．Rather than D．Contrary to

剖析2个高考句型

1．(教材P38)Not_all characters were developed from drawings of objects.不是所有的汉字都是象形文字发展来的。

句法分析：这是一个部分否定句。not all＝all...not，意思是“并非所有„„都”。所以原句还可以说成However，all characters are not used to describe objects。

(1)在英语里有一些用来表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词，如all，every(及everybody，everything等)，both，always，quite，wholly，entirely，altogether，completely等与not 连用时，句子并非表示全部否定。

(2)all，both，every，always，以及entirely，altogether，completely，quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如no，none，neither，no one，never，not (never)．..at all 等。

(3)含有seldom，hardly，little 等词的句子也有表示部分否定的情况。 ①(2013·安徽高考·阅读理解E)Though not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.虽然不是每个人都赞成新的舞蹈，说它太令人震惊，但这种舞蹈的确找到了足够的支持者使它受到了欢迎。

②Not all birds can fly.并不是所有的鸟都会飞。

③Although these were good students，none had a score above 60.虽然这些都是好学生，但没一个人得分超过60。

④I can't_catch_everything in the book.我没有完全掌握书中的内容。 高考链接 (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)It's an either－or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can't do ______.

A．others B．either C．another D．both

2．(教材P39)While the students found the soldier's idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.

虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这一方法太过复杂，并不实用。

句法分析：while放在了句首，引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然„„，尽管„„”。

while用法小结

(1)引导时间状语，while后的从句谓语动词只能是延续性动词，强调主从句的两个动词同时发生。 (2)引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然„„但是„„”、“尽管„„但是„„”(多放于句首)。 (3)引导条件状语，意思是“只要”。

(4)作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而”，表对比。而but表转折。

①(牛津P2011)While I was waiting at the bus stop，three buses went by in the opposite direction. 我在汽车站等车时，相反方向驶过了三辆汽车。

②While_there_is_life，there is hope.只要生命存在，就有希望。

③Some people waste food while_others_don't_haveenough.有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。

[句型对点集训]

单项填空

1．How nice it ________ if you ________ a bit longer!

A．would be；could stay B．is；can stay C．should be；stay D．was；are able to stay 2．(2011·陕西高考)________ all of them are strong candidates，only one will be chosen for the post.

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A．Since B．While C．If D．As 3．In our daily life，money is very important in a way, but it isn't ________ .

A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing 4．I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer，which is ________ he never finishes anything.

A．that B．when C．where D．why

[教材语法集训]疑问词引导的名词性从句

单项填空

1．It hasn't been made clear ________ the new underground line is to be open to traffic.

A．when B．that C．what D．where 2．(2014·安徽马鞍山两校联考)China is developing fast. That's ________ I think those of my colleagues who deal with Chinese affairs should visit China.

A．because B．why C．when D．how 3．You could see the runners very well from ________ we stood.

A．which B．where C．that D．when

4．Please remember ________ wins your respect is not your background but your knowledge and virtues.

A．that B．what C．which D．where 5．I just wonder ________ that makes him so excited.

A．why it does B．what he does C．how it is D．what it is 6．It is not immediately clear ________ the financial crisis will soon be over.

A．since B．what C．when D．whether

[高考24话题微写作]

话题(八) 语言学习——语言的使用

【写作素材】

提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇或句型表达。

1．“汉字和汉语作为载体把最好的中国文化推向全世界起了不可估量的作用。”中国常驻联合国代表李保东说。

_______________________________________________ 2．我们看到中国和其他国家之间的交流越来越多。 _______________________________________________ 3．中国国际地位的增加激起了其他国家学汉语的热情。 _______________________________________________

4．学习和理解对方的语言无疑有助于不同文明的交流和融合。 _______________________________________________ 5．掌握汉语会促进世界和平、合作和繁荣。

_______________________________________________

双基达标卷

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．We should develop the children's ability of ________ (结合)theory with practice. 2. A red sky at night ________(表明) fine weather the following day.

3．The quality－oriented education will ________(取代)the present education. 4．All ________(捐资；捐款)will be gratefully received.

5．Most of the field work ________(构成；由„„组成)of making tape recordings. 6．How does he ________ (忙于) himself now that he's retired?

7．A bicycle's often far more ________ (方便) than a car in busy cities. 8．The only ________(通道) to the farmhouse is across the fields.

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9．In her last days the poet expressed ________(关爱) for her father.

10．The sudden noise from the next room ________(打断)my train of thinking.

11．She was picked out from the whole class to __________(代表)them at the other school.

12．It's not the beauty so much as the range of his voice that ____________(区分) Hanks from other singers. 13. Do you think you can ____________(招募) an army quickly enough to defend us against attack?

14．We all thought Ben would __________ (打败) all the other competitors and win first place, but somehow he lost.

15. Let me see all the ____________ (正式的) documents concerning the sale of this land. Ⅱ.选词填空

make up；concentrate on；as a whole；take control of；stand for；depend on；in that；consist of；aside from；lead to

1．________，the weather has been fine this month. 2．The table ________ of three parts is easy to carry.

3．The company，________ by a wise manager，develops very smoothly. 4．What do the initial QC ________？

5．________being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.

6．A medical team ________ two doctors and three nurses are setting out for Africa.

7．Traditional Chinese sports are similar to the western sports ________ both are meant to improve people's health.

8．Whether we will hold a sports meet tomorrow ________ the weather.

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．在新浪微博上传播谣言，这就是为什么秦火火被捕的原因。

He spread rumors on Sina Weibo. ____________ Qin Huohuo was arrested. 2．她喜欢高富帅，然而他却不喜欢白富美。

She likes a tall, rich and handsome guy __________ he doesn't like a white, rich and beautiful girl. 3．并不是所有的年轻人都喜欢相亲大会。

__________ the young people like match－making event.

4．让全国人民感到平易近人。President Xi is ________________ the whole Chinese people. 5．鸟通常只和其他同类的鸟一起飞翔。

Birds usually only fly together with other birds ________________.

考能提升卷

Ⅰ.单项填空 1．(2014·苏州实验中学模拟)—May I speak to Mr. Smith?

—I am afraid not. He is at a meeting now. It's not ________. A．reliable B．convenient C．beneficial D．available 2．(2014·南通第一中学摸底)Eating too much fatty food and smoking can ________ your future risk of heart disease.

A．rise B．stop C．move D．raise 3．Stephen was chosen to ________ the company at the conference.

A．express B．represent C．expose D．relate 4．(2014·天一中学高三检测)I regret to inform you that your brother is just the one we'll get someone ______.

A．replace B．replacing C．to replace D．replaced 5．(2014·镇江高三模拟)The old couple used to live deep in the countryside, without easy ________ to shops.

A．arrival B．access C．transport D．convenience 6．(2014·盐城高三模拟)After a day's exhausting climb we arrived at ________ we had been told was “Garden in the Air”．

A．what B．which C．that D．where

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7．(2014·湖北黄冈部分中学高三调研)The concept of a data shadow has become a(n)________ because it is difficult to control who is looking at a person's data shadow, what conclusions he is drawing and what actions he is taking based on those conclusions.

A．promise B．anxiety C．worry D．concern 8．(2014·苏州模拟)The growth of GDP in China will be largely slowed down in the next few years ________ it mainly relies on the exploration of the resources available.

A．except that B．in that C．thanks to D．due to 9．(2014·合肥八中模拟)We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only ________ violence.

A．runs into B．comes from C．leads to D．begins with 10．(2014·宿迁高三模拟)As we all know, the English language ________ the grammar and vocabulary that people from different countries and cultures brought to Britain.

A．consists of B．is consisted of C．makes up of D．makes up 11．(2014·常州高级中学检测)The doctor thought ________ would be good for you to have a holiday.

A．this B．that C．one D．it 12．(2014·安徽名校联考)I haven't read ________ of his two books, but judging from the one I have read, I think he's a very promising writer.

A．any B．none C．both D．either 13．(2014·皖南八校第三次联考)It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man ______ the other animals.

A．with B．from C．between D．among 14．________ himself with routine tasks, he had no time to accompany his children.

A．Occupying B．Occupied C．Being occupied D．To be occupied 15．—You can have a pet dog，but suppose you get bored with it in a few days.________？

—We won't，we promise!

A．Then what B．All right C．How come D．So what

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