动词ing作宾语

动词ing作宾语(总4页)

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动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语

一、动词-ing形式作表语

1. 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语

Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. = keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job

His hobby is painting. = Painting is his job.

2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词），作表语用的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising, puzzling, exciting等（这类分词表示“令人….的”含义）。如： The problem is quite puzzling. The news sounds encouraging.

二、 动词-ing形式作定语

1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。① 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。

a reading room = a room which is used for reading running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋

a working method =a method for working 工作方法 reading material 阅读材料

No one is allowed to speak loud in the reading room. There is a swimming pool in our school.

② 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。（注意动名词作定语说明被修饰词作用意义；现在分词做定语说明被修饰词正在做什么）

developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家

a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题

sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 living room 起居室 running water 自来水

2.作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。

They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south) 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。

Do you know the boy playing basket（=Who is playing basket) 你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗

The man talking to(=the man who is talking to) the teacher is our monitor’s father. 正在与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。

三、动词-ing形式作宾补

1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。

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When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.

2、当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。 They found the film very exciting. = The film is found very exciting.

3、能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:

1) 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词，（常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, catch, listen to等）+ sb + doing sth（作宾补） I felt somebody standing behind me.

I caught a stranger sliding into the manager’s office.

2) 表示指使意义的动词使役动词，（常见的有have, set, keep, get, leave等）+sb/ sth + doing sth (作宾补）

We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。

I won‘t have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。

4、see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式(省to)作宾语补足语的区别： We heard the telephone ring. We heard the telephone ringing.

前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）动作的全过程。

四、动词-ing形式作状语

动词-ing形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等,相当于相对应的状语从句。

动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。

1 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。（有时可在动词-ing前加一个表时间的连词，如when, while等）

Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.

我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。 (= After we have made full preparations...)

2 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.

由于生病，他昨天没有上学。(= Since he was ill...)

Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.( =As he was poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.)

3 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。

His father died, leaving him a lot of money. = and left him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱.

4 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。

Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed. =If you work hard at your lessons. 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。

Using your head, you’ll find a good way. (= If you use your head, you’ll find a good way.)

5 表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。

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Although toiling all the year round (=Although he was toiling all theyear round), the poor peasant couldn't afford to send his children to school.

6 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。

He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. = ...and stared at the sky for a long time 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。

The six blind men stood all day long by the roadside, begging for money (=they were begging for money). 这六个盲人整天站在路边乞讨。

He went out, slamming the door (=he slammed the door). 他走出去，砰地一声把门带上。

即时强化练习

一、用方框中所给动词的适当形式填空，并指出在该句中所充当的句子成分（一词限用一次）

astonish, play, bark, direct, climb you hear the dog downstairs _______for most of the night has really learnt very fast. He had made ________progress.

I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children ________ musical instruments across the street.

boy _______the mountains is very tired and needs to rest.

father’s job is _______the movies in a film studio in Hollywood. 二、同义句转换（用动词-ing形式）

bus was held up by the snowstorm, so it caused the delay. The bus was held up by the snowstorm, ________the delay.

watched curiously and thought that the woman seemed a little crazy. John watched curiously, _______that the woman seemed a little crazy. I was waiting for the train, I had a long talk with him. _________for the train, I had a long talk with him. I was ill, I stayed at home. _________, I stayed at home.

you turn right at the second crossing, you will find the post office. _________ right at the second crossing, you will find the post office. she had been beaten by a snake, she was frightened at it.

_______ ______ _______ by a snake, she was frightened at it. 三、选择填空

1. Though I have often heard this song ______, I have never heard you ______ it. A. being sung; sang B. sang; singing C. sung; sing D. to be sung; to sing

2. It was so cold that they kept the fire ______ all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned

3. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 4. —Did you meet anyone ______ at the party

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—No, in fact, I found the party rather ______. A. interesting; boring B. interested; boring C. interesting; bored D. interested; bored 5. The salesman scolded the girl caught ______ and let her off. A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing

6. Don’t leave the water_______ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 7. The _______ boy was last seen _______ near the East Lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play

8. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked job is ________ all the children.

after after after looked after

10. ---Do you know the girl ______ near the window ---She is my deskmate.

sitting standing

11. What worried the boy most was ________to visit his father is the hospital. not being allowed not allowing

not been allowed being not allowed

12. Is it possible for a Chinese school to accept the policy _______the use of mobile phones on campus

permit permitted

13. ---Was yesterday’s conference successful

---Not really. The number of ________was much smaller than we had expected.

who attend attended attending attend

14. ________such a good chance, how could she let it slip

been given given

being given have given 15. Living near the sea, _________.

enjoy fresh air and beautiful sight. air and beautiful is what we enjoy

is fresh and beautiful sight is what we enjoy we enjoy fresh and beautiful sight

about the fact that I was not well prepared ,and ________ to lose my face, I gave up the English contest.

wanting want wanted to want

17. There are many mistakes in his essay, ______his failure. results to to led to

heavy loss, the businessman doesn’t have the courage to go on. suffered suffer

19. _________the project,they have to stay there for another two weeks. completing completed having completed not completed

20. Though _______ natural resources, the area is well developed.

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of in

21. ________, he seems to be very nervous. from appearance from appearance from appearance from appearance

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