CMMI2级过程域需求管理

附录B CMMI特定目标（SG）和特定实践（SP）汇总

CMMI 2级过程域：需求管理

SG1

Manage Requirements 管理需求 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5

Obtain an Understanding of Requirements 获得对需求的理解 Obtain Commitment to Requirements 获得对需求的承诺 Manage Requirements Changes 管理需求的变更

Maintain Bidirectional Traceability of Requirements 维护需求的双向可追溯性 Identify Inconsistencies Between Project Work and Requirements 识别项目工作与需求的不一致之处

CMMI 2级过程域：项目规划

SG1 SG2 SG3

Establish Estimates 项目估算 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4

Estimate the Scope of the Project 估算项目的范围

Establish Estimates of Work Product and Task Attributes 估算工作成果和任务属性 Define Project Lifecycle 定义项目生存周期阶段

Determine Estimates of Effort and Cost 估算工作量和成本

Develop a Project Plan 制定项目计划 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4 SP 2.5 SP 2.6 SP 2.7

Establish the Budget and Schedule 编制预算和进度 Identify Project Risks识别项目风险

Plan for Data Management 项目数据的管理计划 Plan for Project Resources 规划项目资源

Plan for Needed Knowledge and Skills 知识和技能的计划 Plan Stakeholder Involvement “项目干系人”的介入计划 Establish the Project Plan 制定项目计划

Obtain Commitment to the Plan 获得对计划的承诺 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3

Review Plans That Affect the Project 审查从属计划 Reconcile Work and Resource Levels协调工作与资源配置 Obtain Plan Commitment 获得计划承诺

CMMI 2级过程域：项目监控

SG1 SG2

Monitor Project Against Plan 依据计划监督项目 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 SP 1.6 SP 1.7

Monitor Project Planning Parameters 监督项目计划的参数 Monitor Commitments 监督承诺 Monitor Project Risks 监督项目风险 Monitor Data Management 监督数据管理

Monitor Stakeholder Involvement 监督干系人的介入 Conduct Progress Reviews 项目进展审查 Conduct Milestone Reviews 里程碑审查

Manage Corrective Action to Closure 管理纠正措施 SP 2.1

Analyze Issues 分析问题

作者：彭国明

作者：彭国明

SP 2.2 SP 2.3

Take Corrective Action 采取纠正措施 Manage Corrective Action 管理纠正措施

CMMI 2级过程域： 供应商协议管理

SG1 SG2

Establish Supplier Agreements 签定供应商协议 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3

Determine Acquisition Type 确定采购方式 Select Suppliers 选择供应商

Establish Supplier Agreements 签定供应商协议

Satisfy Supplier Agreements 履行供应商协议 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4 SP 2.5

Execute the Supplier Agreement 执行供应商协议

Monitor Selected Supplier Processes 监督选定的供应过程 Evaluate Selected Supplier Work Products 评价供应商产品 Accept the Acquired Product 验收采购的产品 Transition Products 移交产品

CMMI 2级过程域： 度量分析

SG1 SG2

Align Measurement and Analysis Activities 协调度量和分析活动 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4

Establish Measurement Objectives 确定度量目标 Specify Measures 细化度量

Specify Data Collection and Storage Procedures 确定数据收集和存储规程 Specify Analysis Procedures 确定分析规程

Provide Measurement Results 提供度量结果 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4

Collect Measurement Data 收集度量数据 Analyze Measurement Data 分析度量数据 Store Data and Results 存储数据和度量结果 Communicate Results 通报度量结果

CMMI 2级过程域： 过程和产品质量保证

SG1 SG2

Objectively Evaluate Processes and Work Products 客观地评价过程和工作成果 SP 1.1 SP 1.2

Objectively Evaluate Processes 客观地评价过程

Objectively Evaluate Work Products and Services 客观地评价工作成果和服务

Provide Objective Insight 提供客观的理解 SP 2.1 SP 2.2

Communicate and Ensure Resolution of Noncompliance Issues 通报不符合项，并确保得到解决 Establish Records 建立记录

CMMI 2级过程域： 配置管理

SG1 SG2

Establish Baselines 建立基线 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3

Identify Configuration Items 识别配置项

Establish a Configuration Management System 建立配置管理系统 Create or Release Baselines 创建或发布基线

Track and Control Changes 跟踪并控制变更 SP 2.1

Track Change Requests 跟踪变更请求

作者：彭国明

作者：彭国明

SG3

SP 2.2

Control Configuration Items 控制变更

Establish Integrity 建立完整性 SP 3.1 SP 3.2

Establish Configuration Management Records 建立配置管理记录 Perform Configuration Audits 执行配置审计

CMMI 3级过程域： 需求开发

SG1 SG2

Develop Customer Requirements 开发客户需求 SP 1.1 SP 1.2

Elicit Needs 获取客户的需要

Develop the Customer Requirements 生成客户需求

Develop Product Requirements 开发产品需求 SP 2.1

Establish Product and Product Component Requirements 建立产品需求和构件需求

SG3

SP 2.2 SP 2.3

Allocate Product Component Requirements 分配产品构件需求 Identify Interface Requirements 确定接口需求

Analyze and Validate Requirements 分析和确认需求 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3 SP 3.4 SP 3.5

Establish Operational Concepts and Scenarios 建立操作概念和场景 Establish a Definition of Required Functionality 定义功能需求 Analyze Requirements 分析需求

Analyze Requirements to Achieve Balance 平衡需求 Validate Requirements 确认需求

CMMI 3级过程域： 技术方案

SG1 SG2 SG3

Select Product Component Solutions 选择产品构件方案 SP 1.1 SP 1.2

Develop Alternative Solutions and Selection Criteria 开发候选方案和选择准则 Select Product Component Solutions 选择产品构件方案

Develop the Design 设计 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4

Design the Product or Product Component 设计产品或构件 Establish a Technical Data Package 建立技术数据包 Design Interfaces Using Criteria 设计接口

Perform Make, Buy, or Reuse Analyses 分析“制作、购买或重用”

Implement the Product Design 实现产品设计 SP 3.1 SP 3.2

Implement the Design 实现构件的设计

Develop Product Support Documentation 编写产品支持文档

CMMI 3级过程域： 产品集成

SG1 SG2

Prepare for Product Integration 准备产品集成 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3

Determine Integration Sequence 确定集成次序

Establish the Product Integration Environment 建立产品集成环境

Establish Product Integration Procedures and Criteria 建立产品集成规程和准则

Ensure Interface Compatibility 确保接口兼容 SP 2.1

Review Interface Descriptions for Completeness 审查接口描述的完备性

作者：彭国明

作者：彭国明

SG3

SP 2.2

Manage Interfaces 管理接口

Assemble Product Components and Deliver the Product 组装产品构件和交付产品 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3 SP 3.4

Confirm Readiness of Product Components for Integration确认产品集成已准备就绪 Assemble Product Components 组装产品构件

Evaluate Assembled Product Components 核查组装的产品构件

Package and Deliver the Product or Product Component 打包并交付产品或构件

CMMI 3级过程域： 验证

SG1 SG2 SG3

Prepare for Verification 准备验证 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3

Select Work Products for Verification 选择待验证的工作成果 Establish the Verification Environment 建立验证环境

Establish Verification Procedures and Criteria 建立验证规程和准则

Perform Peer Reviews 执行同行评审 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3

Prepare for Peer Reviews 准备同行评审 Conduct Peer Reviews 执行同行评审

Analyze Peer Review Data 分析同行评审数据

Verify Selected Work Products 验证选定的工作成果 SP 3.1 SP 3.2

Perform Verification 执行验证

Analyze Verification Results 分析验证结果

CMMI 3级过程域： 确认

SG1 SG2

Prepare for Validation 准备确认 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3

Select Products for Validation 选择待确认的产品 Establish the Validation Environment 建立确认环境

Establish Validation Procedures and Criteria 建立确认规程和准则

Validate Product or Product Components 确认产品或构件 SP 2.1 SP 2.2

Perform Validation 执行确认

Analyze Validation Results 分析确认结果

CMMI 3级过程域： 组织过程焦点

SG1 SG2 SG3

Determine Process Improvement Opportunities 确定过程改进机会 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3

Establish Organizational Process Needs 识别组织过程改进需要 Appraise the Organization’s Processes 评估组织过程

Identify the Organization's Process Improvements 识别组织的过程改进机会

Plan and Implement Process Improvements 规划和实施过程改进 SP 2.1 SP 2.2

Establish Process Action Plans 制定过程行动计划 Implement Process Action Plans 实施过程行动计划

Deploy Organizational Process Assets and Incorporate Lessons Learned 推广和丰富组织过程财富 SP 3.1 SP 3.2 SP 3.3

Deploy Organizational Process Assets 推广组织过程财富 Deploy Standard Processes 推广组织标准过程 Monitor Implementation 监督实施

作者：彭国明

作者：彭国明

SP 3.4

Incorporate Process-Related Experiences into the Organizational Process Assets 将过程相关的经验纳入组织过程财富

CMMI 3级过程域： 组织过程定义

SG1

Establish Organizational Process Assets 创建组织过程财富 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 SP 1.6

Establish Standard Processes 建立标准过程

Establish Lifecycle Model Descriptions 建立生存周期模型描述 Establish Tailoring Criteria and Guidelines 建立裁剪准则和指南 Establish the Organization’s Measurement Repository 建立组织度量库 Establish the Organization’s Process Asset Library 建立组织过程财富库 Establish Work Environment Standards 建立工作环境标准

CMMI 3级过程域： 组织培训

SG1

Establish an Organizational Training Capability 建立组织级培训能力 SP 1.1 SP 1.2

Establish the Strategic Training Needs 确定战略培训需求

Determine Which Training Needs Are the Responsibility of the Organization 确定由组织负责的培训需求

SG2

SP 1.3 SP 1.4

Establish an Organizational Training Tactical Plan 建立组织培训计划 Establish Training Capability 建立培训能力

Provide Necessary Training 提供必要的培训 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3

Deliver Training 实施培训

Establish Training Records 建立培训记录 Assess Training Effectiveness评价培训效果

CMMI 3级过程域： 集成化项目管理

SG1

Use the Project’s Defined Process 应用项目定义过程 SP 1.1 SP 1.2

Establish the Project’s Defined Process 建立项目定义过程 Use Organizational Process Assets for Planning Project Activities 利用组织过程财富规划项目活动

SG2

SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 SP 1.6

Establish the Project's Work Environment 建立项目工作环境 Integrate Plans 集成计划

Manage the Project Using the Integrated Plans 利用集成计划管理项目 Contribute to the Organizational Process Assets 丰富组织过程财富

Coordinate and Collaborate with Relevant Stakeholders 与相关干系人协调和合作 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3

Manage Stakeholder Involvement 管理干系人的介入 Manage Dependencies 管理依存关系 Resolve Coordination Issues 解决协调问题

CMMI 3级过程域： 风险管理

SG1

Prepare for Risk Management 风险管理准备 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3

Determine Risk Sources and Categories 确定风险来源和类别 Define Risk Parameters 定义风险参数

Establish a Risk Management Strategy 建立风险管理策略

作者：彭国明

作者：彭国明

SG2 SG3

Identify and Analyze Risks 识别和分析风险 SP 2.1 SP 2.2

Identify Risks 识别风险

Evaluate, Categorize, and Prioritize Risks 风险评估、分类和确定优先级

Mitigate Risks 缓解风险 SP 3.1 SP 3.2

Develop Risk Mitigation Plans 制定风险缓解计划 Implement Risk Mitigation Plans 实施风险缓解计划

CMMI 3级过程域： 决策分析与解决方案

SG1

Evaluate Alternatives 评价候选方案 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5 SP 1.6

Establish Guidelines for Decision Analysis 建立决策分析指导原则 Establish Evaluation Criteria 建立评价准则 Identify Alternative Solutions 确定候选解决方案 Select Evaluation Methodsc 选择评价方法 Evaluate Alternatives 评价候选方案 Select Solutions 选择解决方案

CMMI 4级过程域： 组织过程绩效

SG1

Establish Performance Baselines and Models 建立性能基线和模型 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4 SP 1.5

Select Processes 选择过程

Establish Process-Performance Measures 建立过程性能度量定义

Establish Quality and Process-Performance Objectives 建立质量和过程性能目标 Establish Process-Performance Baselines 建立过程性能基线 Establish Process-Performance Models 建立过程性能模型

CMMI 4级过程域： 定量项目管理

SG1 SG2

Quantitatively Manage the Project 定量项目管理 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4

Establish the Project’s Objectives 建立项目目标 Compose the Defined Process 确定项目定义过程

Select the Subprocesses that Will Be Statistically Managed 选择用于定量管理的子过程 Manage Project Performance 管理项目性能

Statistically Manage Subprocess Performance 统计管理子过程性能 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3 SP 2.4

Select Measures and Analytic Techniques 选择度量和分析技术

Apply Statistical Methods to Understand Variation 运用统计方法理解过程变动 Monitor Performance of the Selected Subprocesses 监督选定的子过程性能 Record Statistical Management Data 记录统计管理数据

CMMI 5级过程域： 组织革新与推广

SG1

Select Improvements 选择改进方案 SP 1.1 SP 1.2 SP 1.3 SP 1.4

Collect and Analyze Improvement Proposals 收集和分析改进建议 Identify and Analyze Innovations 识别革新 Pilot Improvements 试点改进

Select Improvements for Deployment 选择用于推广的改进方案

作者：彭国明

作者：彭国明

SG2

Deploy Improvements 推广改进方案 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3

Plan the Deployment 策划推广 Manage the Deployment 管理推广

Measure Improvement Effects 度量改进效果

CMMI 5级过程域： 原因分析与解决方案

SG1 SG2

Determine Causes of Defects 确定缺陷原因 SP 1.1 SP 1.2

Select Defect Data for Analysis 选择待分析的缺陷数据 Analyze Causes 分析原因

Address Causes of Defects 解决产生缺陷的根源 SP 2.1 SP 2.2 SP 2.3

Implement the Action Proposals 实施行动建议 Evaluate the Effect of Changes 评价变更的效果 Record Data 记录数据

作者：彭国明