短对话答题技巧

短对话听力的四大原则 1转折原则：

正确答案出现在转折词：but, however, otherwise ，surprisingly unfortunately unexpectedly ，except, well,后面

在听力测试中简单对话（即短对话）被普遍使用，在题干设计上要体现出7 项微技能的应用——其中2项为“理解句际间的关系，如原因、转折等”和“从连续的话中辨别语音”。

为啥“but”？

因为“but”在所有转折词里读音最难辨别，符合测试原理：“从连续，失去爆破的话中辨别语音”。

为啥“but”后面一定是答案？

因为“but”在短对话中是表示句间关系的转折词，如果将“but”前面的内容设计成答案则“but”失去作用，不符合“理解句际间的关系，如原因、转折等”。 听不出”but”怎么办？？

只要你能听见I‟d love to…/ I‟d like to / well ……后面都是but。符合英美人交谈中的温婉谢绝原则。

But I „m exhausted.、 But I have no time.

But I have to do my homework. Blind date.

真题演练30„

But we have a few left for tomorrow.(2006,6)

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But the lecture was much more difficult to follow than I had expected. (2008.6)

But I will see what I can do.(2009.6)

But it‟s no bother to me.(2004,1)

But there is a lot of laundry to do.（1999.6)

But a friend of mine came to see me.(1999.1)

连读和失爆的语言现象 简单音标知识

连读：前辅后元40„

take a look at it take it off put this on apple pie and ice cream picked it up none of us half an hour ahead of him

as an award get along put it on fed up with

out of shape a cup of tea take it easy

失去爆破：前爆破后辅音

A good girl next time first period bad cold keep quiet sit down next door waste time a great deal

hard times quite different take care

转折原则真题练习：

1（2009 6）A She wants to get some sleep T24 17 p71 146

B She needs time to write a paper

C She has a literature class to attend

D She is troubled by her sleep problem

2（1999 1）A He watched television with his friend. T3 ，1 p6 P86

B He stayed at home talking with his friend.

C He went to see a film with his friend.

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D He went to see his school mate.

3（2006.6）A) They went a long way to attend the party. T18,1 p48 P120

B) They didn‟t think much of the food and drinks.

C) They knew none of the other guests at the party.

D) They enjoyed the party better than the other guests.

4（2006.6）A)Helen is talkative. T 18 ， 9 P48 p121

B) Helen is active.

C) Helen is sociable.

D) Helen is quiet.

5（2006.6A)Dr. Andrews has been promoted for his thoroughness。T18.3 p48 p120

B) She disagrees with Dr. Andrews on many occasions.

C) Dr. Andrews used to keep his patients waiting.

D)She dislikes Dr. Andrews as much as the new physician. 40‟

2. 受挫原则：（潜在规律适用原则。）自然规律不会出现问题，必须认清自己是个倒霉蛋

野餐—下雨、雪

买票---卖光sell out

订房间reserve ---客满full, book fully

交通----堵车traffic jam

车----完蛋break down

Peek、 rush

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火车必-----，飞机必----，

约会不—---。

考试必-----，

失败必—--，安慰必-----。

车祸必------，------更常见

邀约必-----，吃饭必------。

课程超级---，作业-----。

票----，房------.

回答是-----，迂回很重要。

1（1998，1）A She took somebody to hospital T1 .8 P2 p83

B Something went wrong with the bus

C Something prevented her from catching the bus

D She came on foot instead of taking a bus

2（2003.6） A He was kept in the hospital for a long time T12.8 p31 p107

B He was slightly injured in a traffic accident

C He was seriously wounded in a mine explosion

D He was fined for speeding

3反义近义形似选项保留原则

1（2007.1）A: The man has never seen the woman before.

B: The two speakers work for the same company.

C: The two speakers work in the same floor.

D: The woman is interested in market research.

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2（2008.6）A：He is taking care of this twin brother.

B: He has been feeling ill all week.

C: He is worried about Rod‟s health.

D: He has been in perfect condition.

Never felt better

否定词+比较级=加强语气

Couldn‟t be better

3（2005.6）A: The man hates to lend his tools to other people.

B: The man hasn‟t finished working on the bookshelf.

C: The tools have already been returned to the woman.

D: The tools the man borrowed form the woman are missing

4同义词替换原则,听到啥不选啥。

Book-reservation, injury-wound, slight-minor, finish-be through with

have a hard time- have a difficult time, hard-difficult-complicated,

behind the schedule- late, Reluctant-unwilling, much more difficult-not as easy as,

bear-withstand- put up with

短对话共八道题，长对话有两段，七道题。其中绝大部分题的答案一般不在对话中直接明示，需要考生根据对话的内容对事情发生的时间、地点、人物身份和关系做出判断，有时还需要根据说话人的语调和口气，来推测说话人的态度和真实意图。

英语四级考试听力对话部分分成了十大场景。学习、工作、 买衣、吃饭、居住、交通、娱乐、天气、疾病、社会交往与人际关系等。这些场景涵盖了大学生活的方方面面。 提纲挈领篇

场景一：学习

作为一个学生即将离开自己的家乡去异地求学，首先要做的事情就应该是

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挑选并申请学校。申请学校的时候，不要忘了征求一下自己的老师和父亲的意见。 1. 申请学校 必备词汇表

apply for 申请 business degree 商学院学位 pay your own way 自己支付各种费用 2.选修课程

选好学校之后，就是选修课程了。一年选多少课程是一个合适的量呢?在大学英语四级里，往往女孩子会倾向多选课程，结果使自己非常疲惫。当她向男生抱怨的时候，男生就会像先知一样说“我早就和你说过不要选那么多课嘛。” 学校人物：

大一新生 ： freshman 大二学生 : sophomore 大三学生 : junior 大四学生 : seniors, Children. the sick, The disabled , Pregnant women

Extra curricular activities Extra curricular activities

校长 :president--- Headmaster--- Principal 院长 : dean /bean 教授 : professor 讲师 : lecturer 学士: bachelor degree 硕士 : Master

博士 : Doctor ph.D Post-doctor

课程分类：course

选修课 select/optional course 必修课 required

白天的课 day 晚上的课 evening 经常出现的科目或专业：

数学 mathematics B.Science B.A. Arts Engineering 化学 Chemistry reaction 72 Have a crash on 文学 :Literature

心理学: psycho freak Loglist

建筑学 :architecture 考试： exam,test, quiz

期末考试final- mid-term ----semester 补考 : make up test 随堂考: pop test

private school 私立学校 :

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教会学校: religious /church

美国私立中学有2/3是教会学校，不仅如此，美国的私立大学也与教会关系密切，哈佛大学与清教徒，耶鲁大学与公理会，普林斯顿大学与长老会，布朗大学与浸礼会有着深厚的渊源。在美国的中国学生就算不在教会学校，最好也修读一两门宗教课程，否则你永远无法理解为什么比尔盖兹会把全副身家捐出去，也难以理解美国人的价值观、思维方式和社会中的游戏规则。

书籍：

借书 : borrow/lend Rent/ lease,let

参考书 : reference book 过期: overdue study room/

作业：assignment. Presentation Project

Hard cover n.v,

semester 学期(美国英语) biology 生物学 term 学期(英国英语) registration 注册 course 课程 class permit 听课证

optional course 选修课 literature class 文学课 3. 听课 必备词汇表

professor 教授 briefing 剪报

lecturer 讲师 barely stay awake 几乎不能保持清醒 complicated 复杂 extra copies 多余的篇子

informative 信息量大 presentation 陈述，解释，示范 mission 任务，使命 4.演说

必备词汇表

nervous 紧张的 contest 比赛 calm 平静的 contestant 参赛选手

a large audience 一大群观众 talk of the town 镇上谈论的焦点 shaking all over 浑身发抖 not a big deal 不是什么大不了的事情 beyond me 超出我的理解范围 5.阅读

必备词汇表

reading assignment 阅读任务 selectively 有选择地 chapter by chapter 一章一章地 theory 理论 read through 从头到尾地读 plot 情节

cover a few chapters 涉及了几个章节 intensively 精细地 character 人物角色 6.写文

必备词汇表

typing errors 打字错误 revise 修订

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quality paper 好纸 get it published 出版 proofread 校对 paragraph 段落 7.考试

必备词汇表

final exam 期末考试 fail 不及格，失败 mid-term 期中考试 results (pl) 分数 stay up 熬夜 release 发布(分数)

two sleepless nights 两天两夜没睡觉 be through with 结束，完成

场景二：工作 1.面试

必备词汇表

suit 西装 accounting 会计

tie 领带 brush up on 温习，复习

resume 简历working experience 工作经历 hand in 上交 travel 出差 annual vacation 年假 2.收发邮件 必备词汇表

email 邮件 attachment 附件

log in 登录 forward the mail to 把邮件转发给 log off 登出 3.开会和约会 必备词汇表

appointment 约会 move on to 继续 confirm 确认 the next item 下一议题个

cancel 取消 presentation 陈述，解释，示范 come in one‟s place 代表某人来 replace 取代 on behalf of 代表 有空缺职位 :job vacancy 简历: resume /C.V.

教育背景:Education background 工作经验 : experiences 面试: interview 加班 : over work

Did you take a good nap? 升职 : promotion /promote 解雇 : fire apprentices 辞职 : resign

- annual - leave 年假

场景三：娱乐 1.看戏

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必备词汇表

Global theatre 环球剧院 drama 戏剧

Grand theatre 大剧院 impressive 令人印象深刻的 too dramatic to be true 太假了 audience 观众 play the boss 扮演老板 out of the way 太远了 the greatest hit 大片 a long queue 长队 appreciate 欣赏 sold out 卖完了 2.体育活动 必备词汇表

basketball season 篮球赛季 tennis 网球 camping 野营 badminton 羽毛球 jogging 慢跑 performance 表现 fishing 钓鱼 keep fit 保持健康 3.旅游

scenery 风景 Greek style 希腊风格 lawn 草地 museum 博物馆

column 柱子 statue 塑像

宾馆预订房间

confirm a reservation 确认预订 cancel a reservation 取消预订 小费 tip

前台 reception 登记入住 Check in/out

9.邮局场景 mail carrier

post / send / mail 寄 letter / mail 信 -- over Weight 超重 回复 reply

A: To the bookstore.(2006.6) T18.2 p48 p120 B: To the dentist‟s C: To the market. D: To the post office. 10.饭店场景 eat -----out take----away Go Dutch Split the bill Fifty-fifty Blind date

book a ----table 订位子

菜单 menu 点菜 Are u ready to order 餐后甜点---dessert

账单------- check the bill 找零keep the change

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场景四：购物 1.采购衣服 必备词汇表

size 型号 come in all sizes 号全 2.采购电器 必备词汇表

model 款 discount 折扣

latest technology 最新的科技 reduce 减少

场景五：吃饭 1.评点餐馆 必备词汇表

Italian restaurant 意大利餐馆 popular 受人喜爱的 environment 环境 crowded 拥挤的 2.饮食健康 必备词汇表

on diet 节食 dessert 甜点 contain 含有 salad 沙拉 steak 牛排

场景六：居住

1.电话询问租房信息 必备词汇表

inquire about 询问 furnished (公寓)带家具的

apartment 公寓(美国英语) double-bedroom 两室的 flat 公寓(英国英语) 2.买房

必备词汇表

brochure 册子 house developer 房产开发商

for rent / ----- / lease/let

市郊 suburb

市中心 downtown

land ----- lord 房东 land lady 房东太太 ---room mate 室友

出题思路：因室友不好而搬出去

好的室友：-- neat /tidy considerate 整洁的体贴的，细心的

不好的室友：--------messy //untidy/noisy ---------- 脏乱的 -----------吵闹的

场景七：交通 1.飞机

必备词汇表

flight 航班 wait for further notice 等候进一步通知 gate 登机口 seat belt 安全带

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minor mechanical errors 轻微的机械故障 terminal 候机大厅 sign 标志 2.小汽车 必备词汇表

parking lot 停车场 maintain 保养 break down 抛锚 garage 修车场 scratches 刮蹭 highway 高速公路

single lane 单行道 No-parking sign 禁止停车标志 3.公交

必备词汇表

bus stop 车站 passengers 乘客 crowded 拥挤的 4.火车

sleeper 卧铺 be supposed to 应该

view 景色 scenery 景色

驾照 driving / license /license color 超速 over speed 罚单 ticket

罚金fine 高速公路 :high/fast way/ free way 交通工具(出现频率从高到低)

(美)地铁 subway (英)underground /pass 地铁 MRT

飞机 Airplane 公共汽车 出租车 cab 环线 loop line ring road

过街天桥 fly over 交通场景出题思路： 1状况----traffic jam

2车-----坏了 break down 3赶车---赶不上 catch date

5. 机场场景 airport 订票 : book a ticket 目的地 : destination Gay bar straight 单程票: one-way ticket 往返票 :round-trip/return 直航: direct flight/non-stop 转机: transfer

头等 first class 商务 Business class economy class

登机牌 boarding card /gate 安检 :security check

起飞 take off 着陆land

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出题思路

1赶飞机---赶不上，换票，换航班。T5.9 p12 p92 A: Buy a ticket for the ten o‟clock flight. B: Ask the man to change the ticket for her. C: Go to the airport immediately. D: Switch to a different flight.

场景八：疾病 必备词汇表

a cold 感冒 dizzy 头晕

a fever 发烧 exhausted 筋疲力尽的

have the ankle twisted 扭到脚踝 appetite 胃口 high blood pressure 高血压 blood vessel 血管

场景九：天气

必备词汇表

cloud over 天阴起来 sweat 出汗

clear up 天晴起来 swing 不稳定,极端

weather forecast 天气预报 coupled with strong wind 伴有强风 freezing 非常冷

场景十：人际关系

必备词汇表

hear from 听到某人消息 get along 与……相处

be mad with 对某人生气 get in touch with 和……联系

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