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改进干扰观测法在光伏发电系统MPPT中的应用

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搿 帮 本文引用格式:肖伸平,曾钰,赵培哲 改进干扰观测法在光伏发电系统MPPT中的应用Ⅱ] 新型工业化,2014,4(4):45—5(),57 D/O:J0 3969 ̄issn.2095—6649.2014 4.07 改进干扰观测法在光伏发电系统MPPT中 的应用 肖伸平,曾钰,赵培哲 (湖南工业大学电气与信息T程学院株洲412007) 摘要:基于光伏电池组件的电压/功率曲线特性,提出了一种能快速实现光伏电池组件MPPT的改 进干扰观测方法。在考虑电网对光伏发电系统功率输出增长速率的条件下,该方法针对光伏电池组件开路 电压与最大功率点电压比相对稳定的特性,在u。 到85%U 之间设置大步长实现了光伏发电系统的MPPT 快速粗跟踪,再在80%U 到85%U 之间减小步长实现了MPPT动态精确跟踪。此方法克服了干扰观测法 跟踪速度和跟踪精度的矛盾。通过PSCAD仿真模型验证了该方法的有效性。 关键词:光伏;最大功率追踪点;干扰观测法;PSCAD An Improved Perturbation and Observation Method for Photovoltaic Power Generation System XIA0 Shen—ping.ZENG Yu.ZHAO Pei—zhe (College ofElectrical andInformation Engineering,Hunan University ofTechnology,Zhuzhou 412007) Abstract:Based on the characteristics of the voltage and power of photovohaic cells,an improved perturbation and observation method which achieves the maximum power point quickly is investigated in this paper.This method completes the rough maximum power point tracking(MPPT)by pre-setting the tracking steps from U。 to 85%U。 and dynamic tracking by reducing the step size from 80%U to 85%U. ...Compared with the traditional methods,simulation results show that this new method reaches the maximum power point in a shorter time with a more accurate maximum power and can overcome the contradiction between the speed and precision in MPPT. Key words:Photovohaic(PV),Maximum power point tracking(MPPT),Perturbation and observation method,Power Systems computer aided design(PSCAD) 0 Introduction In order to realize the sustainable development,how to develop the energy sources and protect our earth meanwhile has been a major global problem due to the environmental pollution and ecological destruction which caused by utilizing the primary energy.Thus,it is exploring the green and renewable energy that has been a common target of any country ]. However,it still exists some questions in photovohaic power generation.For example,Photovohaic Fund project:This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(61203136 and 61304064);this work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(1 1JJ2038);this work was supported by the Construct Program for the Key Discipline of Electrical Engineering in Hunan Province. 新型工业化・2014年第4期 0 曩。誊 一一lllll ll_l ll一譬 lll一譬。 。。 cells are allowed to work on the different voltages under a certain sunshine intensitv and ambient temperature,while only can reach the maximum output power in a particular value of the output voltage. So it is important to make photovohaic cells work at the maximum power point continuallv to increase its efficiency and output continuous maximum power of the system.At presentthere are three diferent .ways to achieve MPPT which includes constant voltage method, admittance increment method and —......,......... L perturbation and observation method[41Though the maximum power point tracking technology,is widely .used currently,it still exists some questions during the process of tracking. As the reason that the simple algorithm of constant voltage method make it hardly be improved and the complex algorithm of admittance increment method need a high requirement for the hardware of system,perturbation and observation method is the best choice to be improred in this paperIt is .the key problem to choose a suitable step size due to the system will arrive at a higher va1ue and a large power oscillation meanwhile at a large step size while will reduce the power oseillation and decrease the accuracy when facing the different environment outside at a small step sizeAiming at the choice of steD .size,this paper presents an improved perturbation and observation method to overcome the eontradicti0n between the speed and precision in MPPT by choosing the different step size during a range of different voltages which few studies has been focused on.Simulation and experimental results show that this new method is more rapid and accurate in maximum power point tracking. 1 Principle of PV cells The output efficiency of photovohaic cells may not be able to reach the maximum under a certain temperature and light intensity.The external characteristics of PV cells are related to sunlight intensitvambient temperature,weather and many other factors,so the output characteristics.. the output power .and maximum power point of solar cells will change when natural conditions change【2。The PV cells can be seen as an ideal and stable current source according to its basic Principle…. The output equation of PV cells is presented in formula 1,the simulation 0f PV charaeteristic curve of PV cells in different temperatures is shown in Figure 1. I=NPI pK—N PI 唧 V +IRs一]_1] .. ㈩ P=V/ Where Ns and NP are the number of series connection and the number of Dara11e1 c0nnection 0f PV modules respectively. is a certain short—circuit current under a given light intensity while 10 is the is the thermal potential of the componentsA stands for an ideal diode diode saturation current,and constant and Rs is the specific resistanceAs can be seen from the simulation results,the maximum power point changes as the temperature changes.When the temperature decreases,the maximum value of the characteristic curve shilsf t0 the right,and the tracking rates of maximum power point will declinesBecause of this characteristic of the 。photovohaic cell,the maximum power point tracking that allows the immediately output of the maximum output power value of the solar cell and can achieves the maximum efficiency is necessary. In addition,when the temperature is 50 ̄C,the turn—on voltage of 1 95V。up to the maximum ,power point voltage of 156V;when the temperature is 25℃,the turn—on voltage of 213Vthe , maximum power point voltage is 175V;when the temperature is 15℃,the turn—on voltage of 221V投稿邮箱:chinaxxgyh@163.com _赫0蠢。薯 誓 。 掣。≤_尊誊鼋 叠r霉≤黪萋毒一lI强麓i嚣i曩嚣√§ 饔赣 shows excellent stability an the eontrol strategy and the References 【11 I .Malesani,R.Spiazzi and P.Tenti“Perormace optfimization of Cuk converters by sliding-mode control”,IEEE Trans.Power Electro..vo1.J0,no.3.PP:302—309,l995. f2I J.-1 J.【 Pe;J.-Y Yoo and G.-T.Park,“Current control of a PWM inverter using sliding mode control and adaptive parameter estimation”,in Proc IEEE IECON’94,PP:372—377,1994,Bologna,Italy. 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