北京海淀区2022-2023学年英语高三第一学期期末质量检测试题含解析

请考生注意：

1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 1．—Would you mind moving over a little? I have to pass here. —________ I’d like to help. A．Not in the slightest.

C．Never mind. D．At your service.

2．—Peter has spent too much time on novels recently. —That may ____ his poor grade in the exam. A．account for B．answer for C．apply for D．stand for

3．-- It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help． --- That’s right．_____________． A．Many hands make light work

B．Something is better than nothing B．Don’t mention it.

C．The more the merrier D．The sooner begin, the sooner done 4．Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies. A．chased

C．offered D．compromised

5．______ he was 12, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics by himself. A．The first time B．At the time C．By the time D．During the time

6．—I forgot to register for the courses. I’m one day late and most of the classes are full. What shall I do?

—________ You can’t do anything about that. A．Take your time. C．So what? D．No way!

7．—Do you know what EU stands for, Tommy?

—Sure．It stands for the European Union,______ European political and economic organization that encourages trade and friendship between ______ countries that are members． A．an; the

B．a; the

C．the; / D．an; /

B．Poor you! B．registered

8． if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? A．Would you be surprised

B．Were you surprised

C．Had you been surprised D．Would you have been surprised 9．— Why are the Woods selling their belongings? — They to another city. A．had moved

B．have moved C．moved

D．are moving

10．The Dragon Boat Festival ________ the beginning of the hottest season of the year. A． is marking B． marks C． will mark D． marked

11．The world’s attention ________ China’s Belt and Road Initiative，as it has great influence on the world’s economy. A．is to fix on

C．has fixed on D．is being fixed on

12．Time is a precious ________ that is often taken for granted among the young people. A．commodity

B．commission

C．component

D．constitution

B．was fixed on

13．As a surgeon,I cannot any mistakes;it would be dangerous for the patient. A．appreciate C．offer D．afford

14．--- I have been working for more than 30 years! I’m going to retire next month. --- Really? You don’t look a day 40! A．over B．by C．with D．for

15．---They are quiet, aren’t they? ---yes. They are accustomed ____at meals. A．to talking B．to not talking C．to not talk

D．to talk B．remove

16．I’d never wondered before whether or not he was kid-friendly. With one glance, I quickly that he probably wasn’t. A．agreed

C．explained D．decided

17．—Mum, do you mind if I invite some friends to my birthday party? —______. It will be more interesting. A．By no means

C．Don’t worry D．No doubt.

18．Robert had a comfortable childhood, ______up in a pleasant house with a view of the sea. A．grew

B．growing B．Yes, of course B．reported

C．grown D．to grow

19．________ two hours daily has made considerable difference to my physical condition.

A．To walk B．Walking C．Walked D．Having walked

20．By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A．who

B．which

C．what D．that

第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分） You are chatting with friends on the phone, but you can’t help browsing a shopping website in the meantime. You’re eating lunch alone in the canteen, but it only feels right when you start playing a show on your phone—as if it’s a necessary side dish.

We now live in a world that bombards us with information. It seems unnatural to do only one thing at a time. It’s as if we’re all suffering from what a recent Qdaily article called “multitasking OCD” (多任务强迫症).

“With news reduced to 140 characters and communication increasingly made by emojis (表情符号), we have developed the ability to focus our attention on several activities and devices at the same time.” Saby Otmani, founder of the website Pulpix, once wrote, “We need lots of stimuli (刺激元素) to keep us interested and to fight off boredom.”

But perhaps “fighting off boredom” is not the only reason. My own obsession with multitasking mainly comes from the fact that everyone around me seems to be constantly studying. Each minute without new information feels like a waste of time. So I always have my headphones on, whether I ’m commuting, exercising or walking in the park. I ’m forever listening to something—a course on classical music, or on new media management, and heaven knows what else—just so I can keep up with the world.

People who can’t stay away from social media are known as FOMO (fear of missing out). They have to be constantly updated about what their friends are doing and saying. But I’d guess that “FOFO” better describes me—“fear of falling out”. No matter what your reason, multitasking is a part of modern life. Do your best to make the most out of it.

1、With the examples in the first paragraph, the author intends to ________. A．explain what “multitasking OCD” is like B．show how busy today’s life is C．show that people today often feel lost

D．show people like to be fashionable

2、Why do people like multitasking, according to Otmani? A．They lack the patience to finish one thing at a time. B．It can help them to communicate their ideas. C．They are more able than the past generation. D．It can prevent them from being bored.

3、The underlined word “obsession” is closest in meaning to “________”. A．interest

B．knowledge

C．understanding

D．worry

4、Why is the writer crazy about multitasking? She ________. A．wants to stay ahead of her friends

B．wants to have something to show off

C．doesn’t want to get left behind by others D．thinks it is boring to do one thing at a time

22．（8分） British Writer John Donne once said：“No man is an island；every book is a world.”As an enthusiastic reader，I can’t agree with the latter part of the sentence more．Every summer．I endeavor to find some peaceful places where I can attack some classics without being disturbed．Thomas Hardy wants to live far from the madding crowd．I am no friend to chaos，either．

I read George Orwell’s 1984 in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors，no telephones or televisions in the rooms．1984 is a good book that needs deep reflection．Attempting Sound and Fury lying on the bed of a poorly-occupied motel，however， was less fruitful：I made it through one and a quarter volumes，but then my eyelids were so heavy that I couldn’t keep them open．

But this summer I find myself at a loss．I’m not quite interested in J．D．Salinger，say，or Frankenstein．There’s always War and Peace．which I’ve covered some distance several times，only to get bogged down in the“War”part，set it aside for a while，and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again，having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank．How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite—once more into The Call of the Wild or Alice in the Wonderland，which feels almost like cheating，too exciting and too much fun to belong to serious literature．

And then there’s John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath．This title do not amaze but

confuse. We’re never short of sour grapes，but we’ve never heard of angry

grapes．Anyway grapes are my favorite fruit of summer．These stone fruits can always make me feel cheerful and peaceful all at once． 1、What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A．The author has a cottage in New England． B．1984 is a book that needs deep reflection． C．Both of the reading attempts were not fruitful． D．Sound and Fury was set in a poorly-occupied hotel．

2、Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating? A．He finishes them quickly． C．He barely understands them． 3、What can we say about the author? A．Thomas Hardy is his friend． C．He is quite forgetful．

B．He likes serious literature． D．He is a literary-minded man． B．He should read something serious． D．He gets amazed by their titles．

4、What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To share his reading experience． B．To encourage readers to read books． C．To introduce good books to readers． D．To condemn the chaotic world we live in．

23．（8分）Scientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach, according to a report by the UK newspaper.

The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University, Japan and American company Johnson conducted the study together. They looked at the effects of light reflection on newly fallen snow on a ski trail in Ishikawa District, northern Japan. They compared the results with the levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japan's Okinawa District.

They found that on the beach, eyes are exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules (千焦耳) of UV a square meter compared to 658 kilojoules in snow-covered areas.

The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological (气象的) Agency. According to the agency, the reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent, compared to 80 percent in the new snow areas. The amount of light increased 4 percent

with a 300-meter rise in height.

Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin. That's why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we get out in the sun. But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.

If your eyes are exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time, you may experience a kind of sunburn of the eye, which is harmful. Your eyes will become red and feel a strange feeling. They may be sensitive to light. Fortunately, this is usually temporary and seldom causes permanent damage to the eyes.

Long-term exposure to UV radiation, however, can be more serious. Scientific studies and researches have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases the chance of eye damage, which could lead to total blindness.

1、You would most likely find the article in ________. A．a doctor’s diary B．a travel journal C．a medical magazine D．a physics textbook

2、Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Too much eye exposure to UV rays may cause total blindness. B．Short-time exposure of the eyes to UV rays doesn't harm them at all. C．Most people know that UV rays harm the eyes as well as the skin.

D．The study was conducted by researchers from Japan, the USA and the UK. 3、Human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach because ________. A．snow produces more UV light than water

B．people don’t wear sunscreen while skiing as they do while sitting on the beach C．the reflection rate of UV light in snow-covered areas is much higher than that on the beach

D．human eyes are exposed longer to UV light in the snow- covered areas than on the beach

4、What will the passage most probably talk about next? A．Never ski on newly fallen snow in Japan. B．Go to hospital to have your eyes examined.

C．Wearing a hat can provide protection while skiing in new snow areas.

D．Take some measures to protect your eyes while skiing in new snow areas.

The effects of coffee consumption on health have long been a subject 24．（8分）of conflict and uncertainty.Since the 1980s,some have spoken out against coffee as harmful to health,while others have welcomed coffee for its supposed benefits to health.

According to a scientific report,mild coffee consumption,three to five cups per day,can he taken as a healthy dietary pattern,along with other healthful behaviors.The report also says that coffee consumption helps reduce the risk of heart disease and it protects against Parkinson's disease.

According to Dr.Donald Hensrud of Mayo Clinic,high consumption of coffee has health risks.Dr.Hensrud mentions the dangers of high coffee consumption for people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body.Some studies said that drinking two or more cups of coffee daily can actually increase the risk of heart disease in these people.

According to conclusions from a recent study led by Dr.Gregory Marcus,a doctor from the University of California San Francisco,daily moderate consumption of caffeine,less than 4 cups,is not associated with these issues.

Until the scientific community reaches a general agreement on the effects of coffee consumption on human health,it will be up to the individual to decide whether the benefits of drinking coffee are greater than the risks.

When informed of these possible health benefits and harms of drinking

coffee,Harwood,a high school student stated,\"Even though there might be some negative effects of drinking coffee,for the most part,coffee drinking sounds good for health.Not to mention I need coffee to stay awake.\"

1、What is the people's attitude towards the effects of coffee on health according to Paragraph 1? A．Disapproving. C．Doubtful.

B．Tolerant. D．Mixed.

2、What does the underlined word \"moderate\" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Personal. C．Reasonable.

3、What can we infer about Harwood? A．He'll keep on drinking coffee.

B．He loves his high school life. B．Slight. D．Heavy.

C．He often falls asleep in class.

4、What would be the best title for the text? A．Why People Love Coffee? C．The Culture of Coffee Drinking

D．He has some health problems.

B．How Coffee Affects Health? D．The New Findings of Heart Disease

25．（10分）Tiny Countries You Never knew Existed Sao Tome and principe

Sao Tome and Principe off Africa's west coast is only 372 square miles, but it has Impressive, undamaged nature, rich in biodiverse species. The amazing needle-like volcanic peak Pico Cao Grande rises 1,000 feet into the air. The islands are home to only around 200,000 people today. San Marino

Only 23 square miles with a population of just 34,000, the little-known country of San Marino, surrounded by Italy, is the world's fifth smallest country. With the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Mount Titano, the country is said to be the oldest republic in the world. Dominica

Dominica covers only 290 square miles, with some of the best diving in the Caribbean, including the UNESCO World Heritage Site of volcanic Morme Trois Pitons National Park. In Dominica, you'll see rainforests, waterfalls, and coastal views. The island is also home to the only remaining population of the Kalinago, who are part of the island's 74, 900 inhabitants. Kiribati

This Pacific island country 33 coral islands is 313 square-miles, but it's the only country in the world to fall into all four hemispheres (半球). The country's 109, 000 residents live in only 21 of the islands see this tropical paradise before it is no longer--rising seas are threatening to swallow the country whole. 1、Which country has the smallest population? A．Sao Tome and Principe. B．San Marin. C．Dominica. D．Kiribati.

2、What can one see in both San Marino and Dominica?

A．Volcanoes.

B．World heritage sites. C．Views of the Caribbean. D．Waterfalls.

3、Which is true of Kiribati? A．It is rich in biodiverse species. B．It is surrounded by Italy. C．It is home to the Kalinago. D．It is disappearing.

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项． 26．（30分）阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从16-55各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上涂黑。

RESOURCES BELONG TO THE SOCIETY

When I arrived in Hamburg Germany, my colleague who worked there arranged a welcome party for me in a 1 We noticed a few customers including several old ladies, were having their meal. When a dish is 2 , the waiter would distribute the food for them, and they would 3 every bit of the food on their plates.

As I was hungry, my local colleague 4 much food for me. Since there were other things to do, we did not 5 much time dining. When we planned to leave, there was still about one third of 6 food left. When we were leaving the restaurant, we 7 someone calling us. When the old ladies spoke to us in English, we understood that they were 8 about us wasting so much food.

“We 9 for our food; it is none of your 10 how much food we left behind”, my colleague told the old ladies. They got angry, and one of them 11 made a call to someone. After a while, an officer in 12 arrived. Upon knowing what had

happened, he issued us a 50-euro 13 The officer told us in a stern（严厉的）voice: “order 14 you can consume. Money is yours, 15 the resources belong to the society. You have no 16 for wasting them.” Our face turned red. We all agreed with him in our 17 My colleague took out a 50-euro note and repeatedly 18 to the officer.

My colleague copied the fine ticket and gave a copy to each of us as a souvenir. We all 19 it to remind us that we should never be 20 1、A．restaurant 2、A．cooked 3、A．desert 4、A．kept 5、A．save

B．company B．served B．refuse B．sold B．spend

C．family C．gathered C．oppose C．ordered C．divide C．unconsumed C．realized C．nervous C．applied C．question C．excitedly C．fashion C．fine C．that C．or C．reason C．faces C．admitted C．kept C．merciful

D．bank D．missed D．finish D．made D．find

D．undetermined D．heard D．optimistic D．accounted D．business D．regularly D．dream D．souvenir D．what D．so D．power D．ears D．approved D．threw D．wasteful

6、A．undiscovered B．undeveloped 7、A．appointed 8、A．curious 9、A．paid 10、A．matter

B．knew B．unhappy B．asked B．mind

11、A．immediately B．passively 12、A．rags 13、A．award 14、A．how 15、A．but 16、A．ability 17、A．words 18、A．apologized 19、A．stuck 20、A．hopeful

B．uniform B．food B．it B．and B．problem B．hearts B．accused B．broke B．grateful

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27．（15分） We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them 1． (correct) and wisely.2．, some of us are upset 3． our body styles and looks. It’s unnecessary and it’s not important at all. We needn’t care about it. It is one’s inner beauty 4． matters. Second, we sometimes seem to be misunderstood by our teachers, parents and classmates.5． (face) with this, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying 6． (remove) the misunderstanding. Some of us have fewer friends. I think being open-minded and friendly will do you good. Third, we may fall behind others,7． makes us stressed. Actually we can encourage 8． to work efficiently, full of 9． (determine). At last, some of us don’t have much pocket money, so they feel unhappy. Isn’t it strange? So long as we have some, that’s enough. And we can learn 10． to spend money.

第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）

28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week, I had a argument with my best friend、 All of us went home with anger, After finishing dinner, I began to do my homework、 Sudden, my stomach hurt badly、 My parents took me the hospital immediately、 The doctor said I eat unclean food and I needed to stay in the hospital for two days, that made me feel worse and worried about my lessons、 To my surprised, my best friend came to see me、 She was so worried about me and helped me about my lessons、 We understood it each other better and were back together、 Now I have realized

that friendship is very importance to me、 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

29．（25分）请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文。

假如你是李华，你报名参加了本校举行的英语演讲比赛 (the English Speech Contest)，并且进入了总决赛。而你在准备资料和比赛心态等方面遇到了困难。请你给你的外教Laura写一封信，寻求帮助。 注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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参

第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 1、A 2、A 3、A 4、A 5、C 6、B 7、B 8、D 9、D 10、B 11、D 12、A 13、D 14、A 15、B 16、D 17、A 18、B 19、B 20、B

第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 21、1、A 2、D 3、A 4、C 22、1、C 2、B 3、D 4、A 23、1、C 2、A 3、C 4、D 24、1、D 2、C 3、A

4、B 25、1、B 2、B

3、D

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项． 26、1、A 2、B 3、D 4、C 5、B 6、C 7、D 8、B 9、A 10、D 11、A 12、B 13、C 14、D 15、A 16、C 17、B 18、A 19、C

20、D

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 27、1．correctly 2．First 3．about 4．that 5．Faced

6．to remove 7．which 8．ourselves 9．determination 10．how

第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分） 28、

第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 29、Dear Laura,

My name is Li Hua, and I am one of your students from Class Three, Grade Nine. I am sorry that I have to ask a favor of you, but I hope that you will be very kind to help me.

The English Speech Contest hosted by our school has lasted for many days. And the final is going to be held next week. Luckily, I have qualified for the final. However, while preparing for it, I have come across some problems that I can’t deal with. I find it very hard to search for materials for my topic. Most of them are very similar on the Internet. What’s more, since this is the first time I have been in the final, I feel very nervous about it. After all, the final will be full of talented students.

I am eager to get your advice, and I will be very grateful for any help. I look forward to your reply!

Yours, Li Hua