2020广州天河区高三一模英语【试卷+答案】

一、阅读理解

1.Mama and I spend mornings cleaning up the dirt that blows into our house. Mama says allthe dust is due to the drought. The dirt sifts into everything. It covers our clothes. We have towash the dishes before each meal. We rarely drive the truck because Papa. fears the dust fromthe road will ruin the motor.When my sister, Faye, and I walk to school, we wear kerchiefs over our mouths so we don'tbreathe in the dirt. On days when the air is so bad that they close the school, we stay home andhelp Mama put wet sheets over the windows. But the dirt always finds a way in.Last Sunday, there was no dirt in the air, only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky.After lunch, Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while I played with Faye in theyard. The temperature suddenly dropped. I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud ofdust. All the birds flew away. \"I must warn Papa, \" I thought to myself. To avoid her panicking, Igently told Faye to go back inside where she would be safe, and then headed off to the field.The storm hit so fast, and in an instant the day turned into night. By the time I entered thecow field the fine sand was whipping across my face. I screamed for Papa, hoping my voicewould lead him back.The dirt and sand stung my skin like a thousand bees. Although I was terrified. I refused toturn back. My dad was stranded and needed my help. Covering my face with one hand, Igroped my way toward the truck and opened the door. First I tried turning the truck's lights onand off, hoping that Papa would see them flashing, but the sandstorm let no light escape. ThenI pushed the horn again and again, so Papa would hear it. I pushed until I had no more strengthin my arms.Suddenly, Papa's face appeared at the window. My heart leaped with surprise and relief.He opened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me. He then pulled me into his arms andsaid, \"Oh, Iris, you saved me!\"Finally, the wind subsided and the dust began to settle. Dirt was piled up to the window onone side of the truck and halfway up the door on the other. Papa kicked against the door,opening it far enough to let us out.Sand and soil drifts were everywhere, but we were safe.（1）What is the main function of the first two paragraphs?A.It describes a problem the characters must solve.B.It establishes the setting where the story takes place.C.It introduces the characters that will follow in the story.D.It explains the motivations for the characters' later actions.（2）Why did Papa go to the field that Sunday?A.He was trying to get to his truck.B.He needed to prepare the field for harvest.C.He wanted to make sure the animals were fine.D.He planned to bring in the catle before the storm.（3）How did Iris save her father?A.By waming him to run away.B.By turning on the truck's lights.C.By guiding him towards the shelter.D.By screaming his name at the top of her voice.（4）Which of the following words best describe Iris?A.Brave and calm.C.Adventurous and careful.B.Experienced and confident.D.Fearless and sympathetic.2.Galaxies are huge groupings of stars, planets, gas, and dust. Our sun is in the MILKY WAYgalaxy, which measures about 100, 000 light-years across. That long thin milky bright shapeacross the middle of the night sky is made up of about several billion stars in our galaxy. Ourgalaxy is a spiral（旋转的） galaxy. but there are other types.The Milky Way is only one galaxy among afew hundred million galaxies in ouruniverse（each with hundreds of billions ofstars.）SPIRAL GALAXY: galaxies that have spiral arms that emerge from the center. Our solarsystem is located on one of the arms of the Milky Way galaxy. Our galaxy has a hugeblack hole at its center that billions of stars revolve around.ELLIPTICAL GALAXY: shaped like a huge egg. The stars in these galaxies tend to bevery old. Furthermore, the old stars in ellipticals tend to be yellow and reddish, whichaccording to our understanding of stellar evolution, means they are smaller, dimmerstars.IRREGULAR GALAXY: There are many other shapes of galaxies that aren't spiral orelliptical. They all fit into the irregular category. Like the Large and Small MagellanicClouds, they have rather unusual-looking shapes（1）What is true about the Milky Way?A.There are only stars inside it.B.There is a black hole at its center.C.It's the biggest spiral galaxy in the universe.D.It takes 100, 000 years to get there from Earth.（2）Which of the following is the main factor in categorizing galaxies?A.Shape.C.Number of stars.B.Size.D.Distance from the sun.（3）Which of the following galaxies can be classified as irregular?A.Whale Galaxy—similar to the Milky Way both in size and shape.B.Cygnus A（3C 405）Galaxy—the brightest egg shape we can observe.C.Cigar Galaxy—long and narrow galaxy that looks like an ashy cloud.D.Sunflower Galaxy—galaxy with multiple arms radiating from its bright core.3.The Silk Road is arguably the most famous long-distance trade route of the ancient world.This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East, and allowed the exchangeof goods, technology, and ideas between the two civilizations. Although merchants could seekhuge profits travelling the road, it was not without risk.The main Silk Road started in Chang'an（known today as Xi'an）, the early Han capital.Travelers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would takethem across China's northwestern provinces. After this, they would face the Gobi Desert,arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. Thisfeature made it easier for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like theneighboring Taklamakan Desert. Like other deserts, the Gobi Desert is dry and hot, andtherefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves aswell as for their camels.So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. Theseplaces also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers whostopped there. Usually, the rest stops were placed within a day's journey of each other. In thisway, travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert, which would make themtargets for robbers, another danger of the Silk Road.Once through the Gobi Desert, travelers would continue their journey into Iran. Turkey, andfinally Europe, Whilst this part of the journey may have been less dangerous, it is not entirelywithout its perils.（1）The underlined word \"it\" in the first paragraph refers to .A.making huge profitsC.exchanging goods and ideasB.traveling the Silk RoadD.connecting different civilizations（2）Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts?A.The desert's surface was easier to walk on.B.Camels for transportation were easier to find.C.It was smaller and could be crossed in less time.D.There were mere natural water sources available.（3）What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert?A.Travelers were offered free accommodation.B.They were located around the edges of the desert.C.Travelers staying there were often attacked by criminals.D.They were shared by travelers from different countries.（4）What is the passage mainly about?A.The origins of the Silk Road.B.The benefits of the Silk Road.C.The difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.D.The cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.4.Let's begin with the story: King Hiero contracts the ancient Greek polymathArchimedes（阿基米德） to detect fraud in the manufacture of a golden crown. Archimedesaccepts the challenge and, during a subsequent trip to the public baths, realizes that the morehis body sinks into the water; the more water is displaced—making the displaced water anexact measure of his volume. Realizing he has hit upon a method to determine whether theKing's crown was made of gold or silver; the young Greek leaps out of the bath and rusheshome naked crying \"Eureka! Eureka!\" Or, translated: \"I've found it! I've found it!\"Too bad, however, Archimedes probably never uttered the phrase in that way.First and foremost, Archimedes himself never wrote about this episode, although he spentplenty of time detailing the laws of buoyancy（浮力）. The oldest authority for the naked-Archimedes eureka story is Vitruvius, a Roman writer, who included the tale in his introductionto his ninth book of architecture. \"Vitruvius may have gotten it wrong, \" says Chris Schmitt, amathematician at the University of Berlin and a self-described Archimedes fan. \"The methodattributed to Archimedes in the story works in theory so it sounds right, but when you actually tryit, you find that the real world gets in the way.\"In fact, Schmitt is one of a long line of scientists, including Galileo, who have read theaccount and thought, \"That can't be right.\" As Galileo wrote, Archimedes could have achieved afar more precise result using his own law of buoyancy and an accurate scale. In fact, thesurface tension of water can make the volume of a light object like a crown immeasurable.\"There may be some truth to it, \" Schmitt adds. \"Archimedes did measure the volume of thingsbut the eureka moment was maybe due to his original discovery concerning buoyance, not tositting in the bathtub and then running through the streets naked.\"Much like Newton's apple, the exclamation persists because of the enduring power of thestory: a golden crown, a life in the balance, a naked mathematician. The suspect foundationsof the eureka moment take nothing away from the word's ability to uniquely andconcisely convey the flash of inspiration.（1）According to the first paragraph, how would Archimedes measure the volume of thecrown?A.He would weigh himself with and without the crown.B.He would weigh the crown first and then put it into water.C.He would go to the public baths wearing the crown on his head.D.He would sink the crown into water and measure the water displaced.（2）What did Galileo probably think of the naked-Archimedes eureka story?A.He believed the word \"eureka\" was said in another situation.B.He suspected Archimedes didn't run through the street naked.C.He doubted Archimedes carried out the experiment independently.D.He thought Archimedes would not have used the method described.（3）What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?A.The word \"eureka\" is still widely used today.B.The word \"eureka\" is now a formal scientific term.C.Most people accept the authenticity of the original story.D.People are still inspired by the achievements of Archimedes.（4）What is the purpose of this text?A.To introduce the famous scientist Archimedes.B.To examine the credibility of the eureka story.C.To explain how the word \"eureka\" was created.D.To urge people not to use the word \"eureka\" anymore.二、七选五

（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）5.

Leonardo da Vinci and NatureIn the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardo'stime they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medicalstudies. 1 Mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps aswell as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure thedifferent parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship toeach other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct. 2 Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixedrelationship with each other that can be described in numbers 3 More than this, though,Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and hesaid that \"without them nothing can be done.\"\"Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy, \" wrote Leonardo. In all hisactivities, Leonardo was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for thoserules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. Actual experience was moreimportant to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas 4 His purpose was toexamine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted tolearn from the clever solutions of nature. 5 His quick little sketches, often done while wandering outside, helped him to catcha movement or a shape. More careful drawings would be done at a desk with a pen and ruler. InJuly 2001, a small drawing by Leonardo was sold for $12 million, It was the most expensivedrawing in the world.A.Leonardo was always drawing.B.How could these be connected with art?C.Leonardo's ideas were vastly ahead of his time.D.Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.E.Above all, Leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked.F.You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting of The Last Supper.G.Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.三、完形填空

（本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）6.

Throughout my life, I was never very athletic. I wasn't really into 1 , sports or conflict.The only 2 I enjoyed were 3 things like watching TV and playing computer games.It was during my junior year in high school that I realized I needed a 4 . My friends werejoining the long distance running club and 5 me to do it also. At my school, there were noqualification 6 ; every student was accepted.As everyone gathered around on the first day of practice, the 7 announced it wastime for \"warm-up\". I imagined the warm-up would be a 8 jog around the 400-metre track.I soon 9 it was a 1-km run. After completing the run, I was 10 ! I wondered, \"If that'swarm-up, what's next? \" The 11 workout for the day was a 5-km run, which I mostlywalked. When I came home, I really considered 12 However, I 13 myself to keep atit and try harder.Of course, there was no real improvement 14 . I always came in last during practiceand the first few 15 . As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best. During practice, Iwould always keep at the 16 of the group; the fastest, more 17 runners werealways ahead, while the laziest were behind. As the result of my 18 ，warm-up became areal warm-up. The 5-km runs transformed into an 19 day of practice. And I was no longerlast in anything we did. For a former couch potato, like me, this was a（n） 20 .1.A.rules2.A.procedures3.A.endless4.A.change5.A.accompanied6.A.trials7.A.competitor8.A.hard9.A.decidedB.artsB.activitiesB.pointlessB.restB.assistedB.alternativesB.coachB.boringB.suspectedC.competitionC.lessonsC.importantC.teamC.requiredC.opportunitiesC.reporterC.practicalC.realizedD.schoolworkD.programsD.challengingD.resultD.invitedD.reasonsD.refereeD.casualD.agreed10.A.sent off11.A.real12.A.complaining13.A.convinced14.A.actually15.A.performances16.A.middle17.A.popular18.A.inspiration19.A.unimaginable20.A.exceptionB.taken awayB.bestB.quittingB.taughtB.graduallyB.presentationsB.topB.confidentB.determinationB.avoidableB.exampleC.turned downC.expectedC.cryingC.sentC.separatelyC.racesC.frontC.seriousC.loyaltyC.easyC.promotionD.worn outD.funD.refreshingD.helpedD.instantlyD.stepsD.bottomD.relaxedD.contributionD.optionalD.success四、在空白处填写适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）7.

The novel coronavirus, now officially named Covid-19, is a new 1 （ill）andscientists are still studying the best ways to control it. Defeating Covid-19, 2 , is not onlythe job of scientists and doctors. People have an important role to play in the battle. The bestway to help prevent the virus 3 （spread）is by protecting yourself and staying healthy.Scientists are now sure that Covid-19 is passed between people through coughing andsneezing. The virus travels through the air and can be breathed in by people nearby. It may alsoland 4 surfaces such as tables and chairs. If these surfaces 5 （touch）, the virusmay be on your hands. Touching your eyes or mouth with 6 （wash）hands can let thevirus enter your body. 7 （protect）yourself and others, wear a mask at all times when out in public. Thisstops healthy people from breathing in Covid-19 and 8 （reduce）the amount of the virusill people send into the air. Most importantly, wash your hands carefully and frequently,especially 9 you are outside your home.Covid-19 is undoubtedly a serious social challenge, but if we all contribute andbehave 10 （responsible）, it is one that we can overcome.五、短文改错

（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

8.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。The first a few weeks of the term are over and it has definitely been a new experience.Having school lesson online is something I've only read about in articles where discuss futuretechnology. Now I am living in the future! They took me some time to get used to my newInternet classroom. At first, I can't always hear what the teacher or my classmates was saying.Sometimes I wasn't well preparing. Slowly, however, I adapted the new learning environmentbut now things are going smoothly, Of course, I still miss seeing my classmates and playtogether outside. Hopefully, we can meet in person soon.六、书面表达

（本大题共1小题，共25分）9.

某英文杂志在其 \"互动栏目（Q&A）\" 刊出Lora的来信，欢迎读者就信中提到的问题进行分析并提出建议。假定你是读者李华，请给Lora回信。Dear editor,I'm a senior high school student, and I want to read more books of classic literature. Butsome friends suggest I watch movies based on the books instead. What are the advantages ofeach approach and what do you suggest?Thanks!Lora注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。2020年广东广州高三一模英语试卷(答案)

一、阅读理解

1.（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）A2.（1）B（2）A（3）C3.（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）C4.（1）D（2）D（3）A（4）B二、七选五

5.

BFGEA三、完形填空

6.

CBBAD ABDCD ABADC ABBCD四、在空白处填写适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

7.

illness ; however ; spreading 或 being spreading 或 being spreading ; on ; are touched ;unwashed ; To protect ; reduces ; when 或 while 或 if 或 while 或 if ; responsibly五、短文改错

8.

1.删去a2.将 lesson改为lessons3.将where改为which/that4.将they改为it5.将can't改为couldn't6.将was改为were7.将preparing改为prepared8.adapted后面加to9.将but改为and10.将play改为playing六、书面表达

9.

Dear Lora,I'm Li Hua, a Senior Three student. Learning that you are dealing with some troubles, Iam writing to give you some suggestions. Here are some details.To begin with, I think classics are suitable for reading and are better for your study. What'smore, if you have to choose one, I believe the books of classic literature may be better thanmovies. Some movies would change the plots in order to adapt to the film time requirements.This will change some of the structure of the original story.I hope my suggestions are helpful for you.Yours,Li Hua