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新教材外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册全册课时练习题及各单元测验含解析

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外研版选择性必修第二册全册练习题

Unit1 Growing up ..................................................................................................................... - 1 -

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas ........................................................... - 1 - Section Ⅱ Using language ........................................................................................... - 7 - Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection ..................................... - 12 - 单元测试卷 ................................................................................................................... - 17 - Unit2 Improving yourself........................................................................................................ - 35 - Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas ......................................................... - 35 - Section Ⅱ Using language ......................................................................................... - 40 - Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection ..................................... - 45 - 单元测试卷 ................................................................................................................... - 50 - Unit3 Times change！ ........................................................................................................... - 69 -

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas ......................................................... - 69 - Section Ⅱ Using language ......................................................................................... - 74 - Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection ..................................... - 79 - 单元测试卷 ................................................................................................................... - 84 - Unit4 Breaking boundaries ................................................................................................... - 102 -

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas ....................................................... - 102 - Section Ⅱ Using language ....................................................................................... - 106 - Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection ................................... - 112 - 单元测试卷 ................................................................................................................. - 117 - Unit5 A delicate world .......................................................................................................... - 135 -

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas ....................................................... - 135 - Section Ⅱ Using language ....................................................................................... - 141 - Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection ................................... - 145 - 单元测试卷 ................................................................................................................. - 151 - Unit6 Survival ....................................................................................................................... - 170 -

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas ....................................................... - 170 - Section Ⅱ Using language ....................................................................................... - 175 - Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection ................................... - 180 - 单元测试卷 ................................................................................................................. - 184 -

Unit1 Growing up

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Inventor, physicist, astronomer, biologist, artist... Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century. In the

course of his work, he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton, and the great architect Christopher Wren.

Hooke's early education began at home, under the guidance of his father. He entered Westminster School and from there he went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England. Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London — meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating (展示) new experiments at the society's weekly meetings. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!

Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favourite pastimes. He invented a compound microscope for this purpose. One day while observing a cork (软木塞) under a microscope, he saw honeycomb-like structures. There were cells —

the smallest units of life. In fact, it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the box-like cells of the cork reminded him of the cells of some place.

Another achievement of Hooke's was his book Micrographia, which introduced the enormous potential of the microscope. It contains fascinating drawings of the things he saw under the microscope. The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and combustion (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena.

Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy, too. A crater (坑) on the moon is named after him in honour of his services to this branch of science.

1．Why did Hooke accept the job as Curator of Experiments?

A．He was good at designing experiments. B．His family needed his support.

C．He wanted to please the famous scientists in England. D．His parents couldn't afford his education.

2．What does the underlined word “pastimes” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Jobs. B．Experiments. C．Hobbies. D．Structures. 3．What can we learn from the text? A．Hooke went to Oxford in 1662.

B．Hooke was well paid in the Royal Society of London. C．Hooke made a contribution to medicine.

D．Hooke's book Micrographia might have helped Newton. 4．What is the last paragraph to prove?

A．Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century. B．Hooke was good at making discoveries.

C．Hooke's contributions were not limited to one field.

D．Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers.

Parents often put their own relationship on the back burner to concentrate on their children, but a new study shows that when spouses (配偶) love each other, their children stay in school longer and marry later in life.

Research about how the affection between parents shapes their children's long-term life outcomes is rare because the data demands are high. This study uses unique data from families in Nepal to provide new evidence. The study, co-authored by

researchers at the University of Michigan and McGill University in Quebec, was published in the journal Demography.

“In this study, we see that parents' emotional connection to each other affects child growth so much that it shapes their children's future，” said coauthor and UM Institute for Social Research researcher William Axinn. “The fact that we found these kinds of things in Nepal moves us to step closer to evidence that these things are universal.”

The study uses data from the Chitwan Valley Family Study in Nepal. The survey was launched in 1995, and collected information from 151 neighborhoods in the Western Chitwan Valley. Married couples were interviewed at the same time but separately, and were asked to assess the level of affection they had for their partner. The spouses answered “How much do you love your husband/wife, very much, some, a little, or not at all？”

The researchers then followed the children of these parents for 12 years to document their education and marital (婚姻的) behavior. They found that the children of the parents who reported they loved each other either “some” or “very much” stayed in school longer and married later.

“Family isn't just another institution. It's not like a school. It is this place where we also have emotions and feelings，” said lead author Sarah Brauner-Otto, director of

the Centre on Population Dynamics at McGill University. The researchers say that their next important question will be to identify why parental love impacts children in this way.

5．Why is the research rarely done about the influence of parents' love on children's lives?

A．Because few scientists show passion.

B．Because the data are demanding. C．Because evidence is hard to collect.

D．Because parents sometimes don't tell the truth.

6．What does the underlined word “universal” in the third Paragraph mean? A．Reasonable. B．Scientific. C．Worldwide. D．Acceptable.

7．What can be learned about the study from Paragraph 4?

A．It started in the 19th century.

B．It used information from 151 western countries. C．Couples were interviewed together.

D．Couples needed to make an assessment of their closeness degree. 8．Which of the following will Sarah Brauner-Otto agree with? A．Family is like a school. B．Family really matters. C．Home is the best place. D．All happy families are alike.

Ⅱ.完形填空

A New York woman is earning plenty of praise online after she wrote a message offering to help her elderly neighbors.

Maggie Connolly, who lives in Brooklyn's Carroll Gardens neighborhood, __1__ her handwritten letter __2__ several grocery stores in her community were short of supplies, according to Fox News.

The letter, which is __3__ to “elderly neighbors and those with poor health”， includes Connolly's email address and an offer to help those __4__ people. Connolly's neighbor reposted an image of the letter, after which it was __5__ by several popular online accounts. One post even earned nearly 50,000 __6__ and hundreds of comments from users who called the effort “sweet” and “__7__”． Others used the message as a source of __8__， saying it served as a reminder as to how people should __9__ during emergencies. Connolly told Fox News she received plenty of responses to the __10__， with people of all age ranges asking for help. She __11__ that she also got emails from other people who were following __12__ in their own neighborhoods. “Many people __13__ to others not only in the neighborhood, but also all over the world, sending me pictures of their signs that they're making, which I think is so huge，” she said.

Connolly said she's __14__ working with around 70 volunteers in her own neighborhood — a community she's hoping to grow by working with the institution Invisible Hands, which offers delivery __15__ to those in need throughout New York City and Jersey City.

1．A.posted B．announced

C．delivered D．composed 2．A.before B．after C．until D．unless 3．A.attached B．applied C．referred D．written 4．A.lucky B．anxious

C．ambitious D．needy 5．A.witnessed B．copied C．shared D．designed 6．A.likes B．thumbs C．flowers D．dollars 7．A.puzzling B．unhelpful C．amazing D．boring

8．A.explanation B．inspiration C．determination D．satisfaction 9．A.feel B．behave C．survive D．cook 10．A.bill B．notice C．warning D．letter

11．A.complained B．commented C．added D．predicted 12．A.suit B．law C．routes D．rules

13．A.work out B．reach out C．turn out D．make out 14．A.simply B．possibly C．instantly D．currently 15．A.aid B．love C．machine D．medicine

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了英国伟大的科学家、生物学家、细胞的发现者罗伯特·胡克的故事。

1．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London — meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating (展示) new experiments at the society's weekly meetings. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him”可知，胡克接受实验馆长一职的原因是他擅长设计实验。故选A。

2．答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“... meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating (展示) new experiments at the society's weekly meetings. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him！”和第三段第二句“He invented a compound microscope for this purpose”可推知，第三段第一句“Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favourite pastimes”的意思是“用显微镜观察生物是他最喜欢的爱好之一”，所以“pastimes”的意思是“爱好”。故选C。

3．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and combustion (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena”可推知，胡克的《显微图谱》这本书可能对牛顿有过帮助。故选D。

4．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy, too. A crater (坑) on the moon is named after him in honour of his services to this branch of science”可知，胡克的贡献并不局限于一个领域。故选C。

【语篇解读】一项研究表明，父母之间的感情程度影响孩子的成长，父母感情好的孩子在校学习时间较长并且结婚晚。

5．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Research about how the affection between parents shapes their children's long-term life outcomes is rare because

the data demands are high”可知，这类研究因为数据要求较高而很少。

6．答案与解析：C'考查词义猜测。由画线词所在句“The fact that we found these kinds of things in Nepal moves us to step closer to evidence that these things are universal”可知，研究人员在尼泊尔发现这些种类的情况的事实促使他们更接近这些情况是普遍存在的证据。故此处universal与worldwide同义，表示“全世界的，普遍的”。故选C。

7．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据文章第四段尤其是“and were asked to assess the level of affection they had for their partner”可知，夫妇被要求对自己和对方之间的亲近程度作出评价。故D项符合文意。

8．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。由文章最后一段中的“Family isn't just another institution. It's not like a school. It is this place where we also have emotions and feelings”可推知，Sarah Brauner-Otto认为家庭很重要，故选B。

Ⅱ.完形填空

【语篇解读】在社区食品杂货店供应紧缺时，Maggie Connolly发了一封手写信，愿意帮助上了年纪的邻居以及那些需要帮助的人。她的这一做法受到了人们的好评。很多人也效仿她的做法，进行爱心传递。

1．答案与解析：A 由下文中的“Connolly's neighbor reposted an image of the letter”可知此处表示在网上发布她的手写信。故A项符号文意。

2．答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，Connolly这样做是在社区食品杂货店供应紧缺之后(after)，故选B。

3．答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，此处表示这封信是写给上了年纪的邻居和身体不好的人的。故选D。

4．答案与解析：D'由空前的help以及下文中的“those in need”可知，needy“缺食物(钱)的”符合文意。

5．答案与解析：C'根据下文描述可知，此处表示这封信被几个受欢迎的网上账户分享了。故选C。

6．答案与解析：A'由下文中的“comments from users who called the effort ‘sweet’”可知有一个帖子甚至获得了差不多五万赞(likes)，故选A。

7．答案与解析：C'根据空前的“sweet”可知，空处要选表示积极意义的形容词，故amazing“令人惊喜的”符合文意。

8．答案与解析：B'由下文中的“it served as a reminder”可知这封信给他人带来了灵感。故选B。

9．答案与解析：B'这封信提醒人们在紧急情况下该如何表现(behave)，故选B。

10．答案与解析：D 由语境可知空处说的是Connolly发的那封信，故选D。 11．答案与解析：C'由上文中的“Connolly told Fox News”以及下文中的“she also got emails from other people”可知此处是她接着说的内容。add“补充说，继续说”符合文意。

12．答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，此处表示很多人效仿她的做法。follow suit为固定搭配，意为“照着做，仿效”。故选A。

13．答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，此处表示许多人愿意提供援助，不仅在社区内，而且在全世界。reach out to sb.“表示愿意提供援助”符合文意。

14．答案与解析：D'此处表示Connolly说她目前正在和她自己社区的大约70名志愿者一起工作，故currently“目前，当前”符合文意。

15．答案与解析：A'结合语境可知，她要与Invisible Hands这个机构合作，这个机构提供送达帮助。故aid“援助，帮助”符合文意。

Section Ⅱ Using language

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A year back I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work had paid off. It's a milestone for me. My mom had spent

a lot in my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself: I volunteered, got involved in varied clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new chapter in my life. I had totally packed two weeks before I was away from home.

Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart. To distract_myself,_I threw myself into my studies and I applied for a ton of jobs. In any remaining free time, I started forcing myself to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn't think how lonely I was.

Soon after, I began to limit food, and then I became worse. Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor weighed me, I was crazy about the number of my weight. So I began to lower my goal, and convinced myself that controlling this number was the solution to my homesickness. But when I was told that I had no choice but to spend time on my studies, I quickly started recovery in my mind.

How could I do? I told myself that school was what I was best at. I decided to get rid of my homesickness and took exercise actively. My first term of college had passed by at last and I had gotten straight A's. That's why I want to share my story — to help other students feel less lonely.

1．How was the author during the two weeks before she left for college?

A．She was as normal as before. B．She couldn't wait to leave for college. C．She was afraid to leave her home. D．She didn't enjoy her mother's company.

2．What is the author's problem at the beginning of studying in the university? A．Her weight. B．Her bad study habit. C．Her diet. D．Her homesickness.

3．Which can best replace the underlined phrase “distract myself” in Paragraph 2? A．achieve my dream B．improve my studies C．take my attention away D．earn money by myself

4．What is the main purpose of the author's writing the passage? A．To look back on her past life. B．To help girls to lose weight. C．To increase her own confidence. D．To help lonely college students.

A new study published in the Journal of Marriage and Family claims that all that time you spend on parenting just doesn't matter. But it's a claim that, despite the enthusiastic and widespread coverage by the media, does not hold_water. The research suggests that children's outcomes (including behavior problems, emotional problems, and academic performance) are barely connected with the time that parents spend with their children. The researchers examined the time diaries of 1,600 children, looking at parenting time and outcomes when the kids were aged 3 to 11 in 1997, and again in 2002, when they were between 8 and 16. A time diary is a detailed report showing you where your time is spent each day.

This research largely reflects the failure of the authors to correctly measure parental input (投入). It just looked at time diaries from two particular days — one a weekday and the other a weekend day.

Trying to get a sense of the time you spend on parenting from a single day's diary is a bit like trying to measure your income from a single day. If yesterday was payday, you would look rich, but if it was not, you would be reported as the poor. You get a clearer picture only by looking at your income — or your parenting time — over a more meaningful period.

What you did yesterday should not be taken as a representative of what you did last year. This is why most high-quality studies of parenting time focus on how often

parents read to their children, play with them or help them with different approaches to parenting.

As an exhausted parent who doesn't get enough time to work out, and who hasn't seen a movie for months, I understand why so many of us might seize on studies suggesting that we should spend more time on ourselves. Perhaps we should. But I agree with Ariel Kalil, a developmental psychologist, on the suggestion that “when parents spend high-quality time with their children, their children are more likely to

succeed”．

5．The underlined words “hold water” in the first Paragraph probably mean ________.

A．to be convincing B．to be surprising

C．to be confusing D．to be usual

6．The study was conducted to explore the link between ________. A．parenting time and children's outcomes B．time diaries and child development C．children's habits and parents' influence D．daily activities and children's problems 7．How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed? A．By giving descriptions. B．By analyzing the cause. C．By making a comparison. D．By offering research findings.

8．The author may agree that high-quality studies of parenting time should

________.

A．be completed in one month B．adopt some different approaches C．concentrate mainly on learning time D．be based on data over a longer time period Ⅱ.七选五

In the most basic sense, self-regulation (自我调节) involves controlling one's behavior and thoughts in pursuit (追求) of long-term goals. Generally, people who are

good at self-regulation tend to see the good in others and view challenges as

opportunities. They exactly know what they want to achieve, act in accordance with their views, and devote their best effort. __1__ __2__ A bad-tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school. An adult

with poor self-regulation skills may lack self-confidence. He may have difficulty

handling stress, and often, this might be expressed in terms of anger and anxiety.

How do problems with self-regulation develop? It could start early when a baby

isn't treated with enough care. __3__ Later, an adult may struggle with self-regulation,

either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood, or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings. When left unchecked, over time this could lead to risky behavior such as taking drugs.

__4__ One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns, which means that you think about a situation in a positive way, rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions. __5__ Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as “My friend hates me”， you might instead think, “My friend must be really busy”．

A．Try to cheer yourself up after disappointment. B．Do the usual series of things at a particular time.

C．A child who doesn't feel safe may have trouble self-regulating. D．A lack of self-regulation will cause problems in life.

E．Anyhow, self-regulation is so important that we should learn to use this skill. F．For example, imagine a friend who doesn't return your calls or texts for several days.

G．Also they can calm themselves when feeling upset and cheer themselves when feeling down.

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章记述了作者刚开始上大学的经历，从上大学的前两周非常激动，到进入大学后最初的想家，再到后来为了转移注意力而全身心地投入到学习中、申请工作，在剩下的空闲时间里强迫自己去健身房。作者写这篇文章是为了帮助孤独的大学生。

1．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was so excited to start a new chapter in my life. I had totally packed two weeks before I was away from home.”可知，去上大学前的两周，作者已经等不及要去上大学了。故选B。

2．答案与解析：D'细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.”可知作者刚进入大学时的问题是想家。故选D。

3．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据上文“I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.”可知作者起初很想家，因此为了转移自己的注意力，作者开始专心致志地学习，申请了许多工作。由此推断画线短语意思为“转移注意力”，故选C。

4．答案与解析：D'细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“That's why I want to share my story — to help other students feel less lonely.”可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是帮助孤独的大学生。故选D。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。一项研究表明，父母陪伴孩子的时间长短与孩子的成长关系不大。作者在本文中对这一研究结果提出了不同的意见。

5．答案与解析：A'考查词义猜测。第一段表明了作者的观点。根据全文内容可知，作者认为这项研究结果站不住脚，即不能令人信服。convincing“令人信服的”，符合题意。

6．答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The research suggests that children's outcomes... are barely connected with the time that parents spend with their children”可知，这项研究探究了父母陪孩子的时间与孩子成长结果之间的联系。故选A项。

7．答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。根据第四段内容可知，作者把“父母陪孩子的时间”同“一个人的收入”作比较，说明了该研究的研究方法是不科学的，故选C项。

8．答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据第四、第五段内容可知，作者认为有关父母陪孩子的时间的研究应该建立在较长时间的数据基础之上，故选D项。

Ⅱ.七选五

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我调节在人的成长中的重要性，自我调节可以帮助我们缓解压力，缺乏自我调节能力则会导致各种各样的问题，所以我们必须要学会自我调节。

1．答案与解析：G'上文“They exactly know what they want to achieve, act in

accordance with their views, and devote their best effort.”说的是会自我调节的好处，分析选项可知G项也是在说会自我调节的好处，与上文是递进关系，联系更紧密，符合语境。故选G。

2．答案与解析：D'根据下文“A badtempered child who hits others won't be popular at school. An adult with poor selfregulation skills may lack selfconfidence.”可知，下文讲的是如果缺乏自我调节能力，就会产生不好的影响，所以此处说的也是不好的影响。D项更好地总结了此段内容，符合语境。故选D。

3．答案与解析：C'根据下文“Later, an adult may struggle with self-regulation,

either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood, or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings.”可知，下文主要讲述的是成年人的情况，所以此处讲的是孩子的情况。故C项符合语境。故选C。

4．答案与解析：E'根据下文“One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns, which means that you think about a situation in a positive way, rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions.”可知，下文讲述的是自我调节的方法。E项说我们应该学会使用这项技能，与下文讲述自我调节的方法连接自然，符合语境。故选E。

5．答案与解析：F'根据下文“Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as ‘My friend hates me’， you might instead think，‘My friend must be really busy’．”可知，当好几天都没有收到朋友的来电或短信时，不要想朋友讨厌自己，而应该想朋友一定很忙。此处是在举例，列举了有关朋友的例子，F项符合语境。故选F。

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection

阅读理解

Think back to when you were in a classroom, and the teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following answers is closer to the way you reacted? A: Oh no, this is too hard for me. I'm not even going to seriously try. B: Ah, this is quite difficult, but I like to push myself. Even if I don't get the right answer, maybe I'll learn something in the attempt.

The psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of children problems that were slightly too hard. One group reacted positively, said they loved to challenge and understood that their abilities could be developed. She said they had a ‘growth mindset’. But another group felt that their intelligence was being judged and

they had failed. They had a ‘fixed mindset’ and were unable to imagine improving.

Professor Dweck comes to a conclusion that, for years, children have been praised for their intelligence or talent, but this makes them sensitive to failure. They want to please by getting high grades, without interest in learning. The solution is to praise the process that children are engaged in: making an effort, using learning methods and improving. This way they will become better and achieve more.

Psychologists have been testing these theories. Students were taught that if they left their comfort zone and learned something new and difficult, they would be more intelligent. These students made faster progress than a control group. In another study, unsuccessful school children were exposed to the growth mindset technique for a year. The results were astonishing. They came tops in a regional test, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of being stupid, but they came to see it as the key to learning. So, back to our original question, if you answered B, well done — you already have a growth mindset. If A, don't worry; everyone is capable of becoming better with a little effort and self-awareness.

1．The author mentions the two answers at the beginning to ________.

A．give an example B．teach how to react C．draw a conclusion D．introduce the topic

2．Which aspect should be praised according to Professor Dweck? A．Talent. B．High grades.

C．Hard-working. D．Achievements.

3．What makes the students with the fixed mindset fail? A．Lacking imagination. B．Negative attitudes. C．Poor judgment. D．Low intelligence.

4．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Making an effort. B．The regional test.

C．The background. D．The comfort zone.

Don't get mad next time you catch your teenager texting when he commits himself to studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A study of the University of Iowa (UI) found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immediate effect or reward of their behavior. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long-term payoff of studying.

“For the teenager, the rewards are seductive for them to be addicted to texting，” says Professor Jatin Vaidya, an author of the study. “They draw adolescents. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a kind of behavior is no longer in a teenager's best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the rewards is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults.”

For parents, that means limiting distractions so that teenagers can make better

choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p．m., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facebook or Twitter, as the researchers advise. “I'm not saying they shouldn't be allowed access to technology，” says Vaidya. “But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulsecontrol skills.”

In their study, Vaidya and co-author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally

believe teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes (额叶) of their brains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behavior independent of higher-level reasoning.

“We wanted to try to understand the brain's reward system and how it changes from childhood to adulthood，” says Vaidya, who adds that the reward character in the human brain is easier than decisionmaking. “We've been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescent behavior than an under-developed frontal lobe，” he adds. For their study, the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 to 16, and 40 adults, aged 20 to 35 to participate.

In the future, researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological (神经学上的) aspects of their results.

5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Always, rewards are attractive to teenagers. B．Always, adolescents can resist rewards. C．Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.

D．Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study. 6．What does the underlined word “seductive” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Necessary. B．Attractive. C．Useful. D．Important.

7．Which statement agrees with Vaidya's idea? A．The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents. B．Parents should help children in making decisions. C．Children should have access to the Internet. D．Children need help in refocusing their attention.

8．What result does the teenager's brain underdevelopment lead to? A．Doing things after some thought. B．Making good decisions. C．Joining in dangerous actions. D．Escaping risky behavior.

It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice,

stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered (发抖) a little as

she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn't know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.

Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground. “Paris's eyes rolled back，” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”

It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR？”

CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person's chest

so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen, the brain is damaged quickly.

Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn't think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death，” says Taylor.

Taylor's swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris's heartbeat returned.

“I know I was really lucky，” Paris says now. “Most people don't survive this. My team saved my life.”

Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.

Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now，” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”

9．What happened to Paris on a March day?

A．She caught a bad cold. B．She had a sudden heart problem. C．She was knocked down by a ball. D．She shivered terribly during practice. 10．Why does Paris say she was lucky? A．She made a worthy friend. B．She recovered from shock. C．She received immediate CPR. D．She came back on the softball team.

11．Which of the following words can best describe Taylor? A．Enthusiastic and kind. B．Courageous and calm.

C．Cooperative and generous. D．Ambitious and professional.

答案及解析

阅读理解

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成长型思维模式与固定型思维模式在同学们学习过程中的表现、背后的心理因素以及培养学生养成成长型思维模式的方法。心理学家通过实验的方法也确定通过成长型思维模式训练，学生进步会很快、很明显。

1．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。由文章结构可知，文章开始涉及两种回答方式是让读者能够直观地感受到什么是成长型思维模式以及什么是固定型思维模式。也就是说为了介绍本文话题。故选D。

2．答案与解析：C'细节理解题。由第三段中的“The solution is to praise the process that children are engaged in: making an effort, using learning methods and improving.”可知，解决孩子们害怕失败的问题的方法是表扬他们参与的过程，例如很努力，使用了学习到的方法和有进步等。也就是说应该表扬孩子的努力。故选C。

3．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。由第四段中的最后两句话可知，有固定型思维的人认为他们的智力正在被考验，并且他们已经失败了，他们有固定型思维并且无法想象进步。并且由第四段中的研究可知，学业不好的学生经过一年成长型思维的培训后，结果是惊人的，也就是说不是学生的能力不行，而是他们的消极的思维方式使得他们学习成绩不好。故选B。

4．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。画线词“it”所在句子中的“but”前后是两个并列的分句，前一分句意思为：这些小孩之前认为努力是傻的标志，后一分句中“they came to see”说明的是现在的情况，即：现在他们把努力看作是学习的关键。所以it指代的是“making an effort (努力)”。故选A。

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了青少年难以抵抗诱惑的原因。

5．答案与解析：A'主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕的都是“奖励对青少年是有吸引力的”这个话题，并且运用了相关的研究结果来阐述青少年会这样的原因——他们的大脑额叶还没有发育完全。A项意为“奖励始终吸引着青少年。”，符合文意。故选A。

6．答案与解析：B'词义猜测题。画线单词所在的句子为Jatin Vaidya所说的话。由这句话后的“They draw adolescents. Sometimes，the rewards are a kind of motivation for them.”可知，这些奖励对青少年是很有吸引力的。画线单词与下句中

的draw相呼应。necessary必要的； attractive有吸引力的； useful有用的； important重要的。故选B。

7．答案与解析：D'细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulse-control

skills.”可知，Vaidya认为在重新集中注意力方面，孩子们需要一些帮助。故选D。

8．答案与解析：C'细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“... teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes (额叶) of their brains are not fully developed.”可知，青少年大脑发育得不充分会导致他们参加危险的活动。故选C。

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了垒球队中的女队员Paris在打球过程中突发心力衰竭，队友Taylor对她进行了紧急心肺复苏，Paris最后恢复了心跳的故事。Taylor勇敢、冷静，用所学的急救知识救助他人。

9．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure”可知，Paris突发心力衰竭。

10．答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR”以及第六段在队友和学校护士的帮助下Paris的心跳恢复了(Paris's heartbeat returned)以及倒数第二段中的“For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly”可知，Paris得到了及时的心肺复苏(CPR)救助。

11．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. ‘It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death，’says Taylor”和第六段中的“Taylor's swift action helped her teammates calm down”可知，Taylor是一位勇敢、冷静的女孩。面对紧急情况，她不慌不乱，用所学的急救知识迅速帮助他人，并用自己的举动感染队友，让她们镇静下来参与救助。

单元测试卷

选择题部分

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时

间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1．Where are the two speakers? A．In a store. B．In a car. C．In the hospital.

2．When did the woman's son graduate? A．In 1980. B．In 1981. C．In 1982.

3．What is Jane doing now? A．Typing a letter. B．Changing her clothes. C．Having a meal.

4．What can we know about the woman? A．She cannot read. B．She has no watch. C．She is too busy.

5．What is the woman riding in? A．In a bus. B．In a taxi. C．On a plane.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．What shall we do if something is wrong with the watch? A．Send it back to the factory. B．Have it repaired. C．Exchange it in the shop.

7．How much did the man pay for the watch? A．700 dollars. B．750 dollars. C．For free.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．How long will they stay there? A．5 weeks. B．3 weeks. C．We don't know.

9．How many rooms did they book? A．4. B．2.

C．3.

10．What's the number for the single room? A．No. 9. B．No. 7. C．No. 6.

听第8段材料，回答第11、12题。

11．Where was the man when the murder happened? A．On the way to the station. B．On the way to work. C．On the way home.

12．When did the man arrive at the station? A．At 8∶10. B．At 10∶08. C．At 7∶50.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．How many countries has the man visited? A．5. B．4. C．3.

14．Why did the man visit them? A．In most cases, to work. B．In most cases, for holidays. C．In most cases, on business. 15．When did the man work in France? A．In 1950s. B．In 1960s. C．In 1970s.

16．How long did he work in France? A．A few weeks. B．A few months. C．A few years.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What's today's weather in general? A．Windy. B．Cloudy. C．Sunny.

18．Which is the highest temperature today? A．25 degrees. B．19 degrees. C．16 degrees.

19．How do you find the weather at night? A．Dry. B．Wet. C．Windy.

20．How many hours does the weather report probably cover?

A．48. B．24. C．12.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

Last week, Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou. It's the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long? We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.

Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor (指导者), Antony Hewish. Recently awarded a ￡2. 3m Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help women and refugee students, she joked to The Guardian：“I feel I've done very well out of not getting a Nobel prize.”

Lene Hau

Hau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists, and could 2019 be Hau's year?

Vera Rubin

Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy. She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.

Chien-Shiung Wu

Wu's “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”. Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel prize for their theoretical work behind the study.

Lise Meitner

Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission. However, the discovery was admitted by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male colleague, Otto Hahn.

21．When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel committee?

A．In 1944. B．In 1967. C．In 1974. D．In 1980.

22．Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text? A．Donna Strickland. B．Jocelyn Bell Burnell. C．Lene Hau. D．Vera Rubin.

23．What do we know about the five females? A．The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.

B．Vera Rubin opened up a new field in chemistry. C．Lise Meitner's teacher won a Noble prize for her work.

D．None of them have been admitted by the Nobel committee.

“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.

I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on... At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I'll do it.”

I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the

same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.

Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.

In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?

24．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?

A．She knows little about the club. B．She isn't good at sports.

C．She just doesn't want to volunteer. D．She's unable to meet her schedule.

25．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Encourage teamwork. B．Appeal to feelings.

C．Promote good deeds. D．Provide advice.

26．What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3? A．She gets interested in lacrosse. B．She is proud of her kids. C．She'll work for another season.

D．She becomes a good helper.

27．Why does the author like doing volunteer work? A．It gives her a sense of duty. B．It makes her very happy. C．It enables her to work hard. D．It brings her material rewards.

Josh Morrison, 17, dreamed of raising $100,000 to build a home for a low-income family. After years of hard work, his dream has come true. The house is now in the early stages of building.

Six years ago, Josh and his dad went into the Habitat for Humanity ReStore, a home improvement store and donation center run by the nonprofit organization. They were there to buy a sink. Josh, then 11, also noticed a collection of pennies. “I instantly felt the urge to help out with that，” he said. Josh set a fundraising deadline of four years. Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of $100,000, but it didn't shake his faith. He devoted his time to raising money at his school and other nearby schools. He collected money from neighbours, got publicity from local newspapers, and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.

Josh's fund-raising efforts began to produce results. Still, there were challenges.

Four months before his deadline, he was $30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge, which is in the province of Ontario. The event raised $19,000.

“I didn't care how long it took me，” said Josh. “I would raise $100,000.” With three weeks left, a company called Josh's house offered to donate $18,000. Eventually, Josh reached a total of $134,000 before the deadline. “The_momentum_just_kept_going,_and we decided to do more，” he said. “Josh's Penny House” is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa, along with 24 new town houses. Josh has helped with some of the construction, as have other volunteers. He will choose the family that moves into the unit.

Next year, the 17-year-old kid will head to college in British Columbia, Canada's

westernmost province. As an 11-year-old kid when starting fund-raising, Josh was able

to send a powerful message across the world. No matter how old you are, if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it, it can come true.

28．Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2?

A．Cautious. B．Straightforward. C．Open-minded. D．Determined.

29．Why did Josh hold the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event? A．To attain his goal. B．To call for more attention. C．To win approval from the locals.

D．To find sponsors for a family.

30．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean? A．He received continuous donations. B．His project became more popular. C．He got more support from his family. D．The result was beyond expectations. 31．What can be the best title for the text? A．Kindness from a Company B．The Penny House Dream C．A Fund-raising Campaign D．A Boy with a Warm Heart

A ten-year-old boy from Howell, Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to

his persistence (坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor. The event happened late in an evening when Danny DiPietro was being driven home from hockey practice by his mom.

That's when the young boy noticed an open garage and a figure that he believed was a dog outside an apartment building near his house. Given the freezing weather, the young boy got a feeling that something was not right. But instead of giving it up like most kids at his age, he insisted that his mother, Dawn, find out what was going on. Dawn tried to make Danny believe that no one would leave a dog out in such cold weather, but he refused to take no for an answer.

Dawn finally gave in and decided to drive to the area with the family dog and see if there was any truth in Danny's hunch (直觉). Sure enough, as she got closer to the apartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help. Upon getting there, she realized that it was not a dog the young boy had seen, but Kathleen St. Onge. The 80-year-old woman had fallen down on some ice in front of

her garage and had been lying there for two hours, unable to get up.

Dawn rushed home to get her husband to help and called 911. The two then returned with some blankets to cover Ms. St. Onge, and after that they waited for the ambulance to arrive. Though still in hospital, the elderly woman is recovering well and forever grateful to Danny for following his hunch!

32．When seeing a figure in front of an open garage, Danny ________.

A．recognized it was an old woman B．thought it was a homeless dog C．realized something was wrong D．believed it was nothing important

33．When Dawn got closer to the garage, she ________. A．noticed the dog had gone away

B．knew Danny's hunch was wrong C．found an old lady waving for help D．felt something must have been stolen

34．Which of the following can best describe Danny? A．Brave and patient. B．Friendly and honest. C．Considerate and positive. D．Persistent and smart. 35．What could be the best title for the passage? A．Always Follow Your Hunch B．Be Ready to Help Save the Elderly C．An Unknown Hero Brings Love and Hope

D．A 10-year-old Boy Saved His Elderly Neighbor's Life 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Everybody gets stressed from time to time. __36__ Some ways of dealing with stress, like screaming or hitting someone, don't solve much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solve your problem or at least feel better.

Try taking these four steps next time you are stressed：

Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. __37__ They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.

Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself. __38__ Try to solve the problem. After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business. __39__ Even if you can't solve it completely, you can solve a part of it.

__40__ Most stress is temporary. Remember stress doesn't go away, unless you figure out the problem and start working on solving it. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.

These steps aren't magic, but they do work. A．Be positive.

B．Then, find a way to calm down. C．And don't forget about your friends. D．You need to figure out what the problem is. E．Different people feel stress in different ways.

F．Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them. G．Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Sometime last year, Michael Blonder began giving out reusable fabric bags (布袋) with each purchase instead of disposable plastic bags at A．L. Goodies General Store, the souvenir shop he __41__ on Main Street. The move, Blonder said, was in anticipation of (预期某事的发生) a ban on plastic bags, __42__ the city has not made an effort to do so in more than a decade. Eight states around the country have already __43__ them. And in neighboring Montgomery County and Washington, D．C., fees have been levied (征收) to __44__ consumers away from using the single-use plastic bags that can __45__ their way into nearby waterways, __46__ storm drains and getting stuck in tree branches. On Monday, Annapolis Alderman Rob Savidge introduced a __47__ that would prevent any __48__ in the city — who owns grocers, convenience stores and others — from __49__ plastic bags at the point of sale. The Annapolis bill also __50__ a 20-cent

fee for each paper bag that's issued only for __51__ businesses — those with a footprint of 20,000 square feet or more.

Savidge hopes the bill will cut off the public's __52__ on plastic bags and help clean up pollution. But a city bill does not become a __53__ until more procedures are done.

A ban is a(n) __54__ part of environmental protection, said Rick Kissel, the former vice-chair of the Anne Arundel County Sierra Club. He recommended a delay in

placing the ban so customers could __55__. 41．A.builds B．enters

C．visits D．runs 42．A.though B．until C．unless D．after 43．A.sold B．banned C．reduced D．produced 44．A.introduce B．announce C．interview D．direct 45．A.lose B．find C．fight D．wind

46．A.making up B．building up C．blocking up D．showing up 47．A.bill B．note C．letter D．measure 48．A.teachers B．officers

C．doctors D．shopkeepers 49．A.providing B．producing C．recycling D．employing 50．A.looks for B．calls for C．makes for D．hopes for 51．A.cleaner B．private C．public D．larger

52．A.promise B．dependence C．opinion D．income 53．A.notice B．law C．information D．rule

54．A.meaningless B．impossible C．essential D．immediate 55．A.refuse B．learn C．adjust D．understand

非选择题部分

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the past few years, anxiety has become more and more common among teenagers, especially high school students.

It seems to me that as the National College Entrance Examination approaches, students 56.________ (face) with difficulties and failures at school often feel overwhelmed. They can't solve their problems and are unable to adjust to the changing environment. Some even have physical 57.________ (symptom) such as headaches, stomachaches and so on. These anxieties increase the risk of depression.

Parental behavior is certainly another reason 58.________ contributes to children's anxiety. Parents should encourage their children and be their friends. However, the fact is that the majority of parents pay too much attention 59.________ children's school performance. They would rather shout at their children than try to find out 60.________ they are doing badly at school. 61.________ (consequent), students become less and less confident and unwilling to communicate with anyone. Pressure can't 62.________ (avoid) in life. Those who succeed manage 63.________ (turn) pressure into motivation. First, as senior high school students, we should set suitable goals and depend on our abilities. Second, we should regard difficulties as 64.________ (value) experience.

Learn to comfort yourself with the thought that humans' intelligence 65.________ (vary) from person to person. Physical and mental health is more important than exam marks.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节应用文写作(满分15分)

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter给你发来邮件，想了解一下你的家乡自“十九大”以来所发生的变化，请你用英文给他回复一封邮件，内容如下：

1.精准扶贫效果良好； 2.环境得到了明显改善。注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China 精准扶贫targeted poverty reduction

____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 第二节读后续写(满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The most important change in a person's life is the change of his or her attitude. Right attitudes produce right actions. Have you ever met someone who gave you a different view of life?

On a Sunday morning, I saw something very interesting as I went to the greengrocer's. To get there, I had to cross a bridge over railway tracks. The bridge was pretty high. A set of steep steps had to be climbed; then the bridge flattened out (变平), followed by coming down another set of steps. On my way back from the greengrocer's, I saw an elderly gentleman running up the steps. After watching him run up the steps so fast, I thought that he could be in a rush.

Before I knew it, he had crossed the bridge, and then he ran back to where he started. To my surprise, he did not stop. He turned around, and then went up and down the bridge again. He was not struggling, and seemed to enjoy going up and down the bridge. Being a fitness fanatic (热衷于健美的人) myself, I admired his ability to cross the bridge so quickly. My curiosity got the better of me, and I came up to him to have a chat with him.

“Excuse me, sir. Are you training for an event？” I asked.

He stopped and smiled. “No, not training for an event. Well, I am training for life，” he said with a broad smile on his face as sweat rolled down his cheeks.

I told him that I had been looking for a role model of fitness, and that I hoped to be as strong as he is when I get to his age. He said that everyone has a choice about what they do with their life. “I am not different，” he added. With much admiration, I

asked, “What drives you to maintain good health？”

Then he told me the accident he met with when he was young. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

“I used to be a cyclist，” he said. ____________________________________________________

His great determination paid off, and he was able to walk again. ____________________________________________________

答案及解析

第一部分

答案：

1—5 CCABB 6—10 CBBCA 11—15 BCABA 16—20 CCAAB 听力材料： Text 1

W：Excuse me, sir. Visiting hours is over now. You must leave, so your wife can get some rest.

M：Pardon me, nurse. I didn't hear the bell or I would have left earlier. Text 2

M：My son graduated from college in 1981. How about your son?

W：He finished school a year after your son did. Text 3

W：I'll go and change my clothes as soon as I finish typing this letter. M：OK, Jane. Then we'll take my car and go out for a meal. Text 4

M：Could you please tell me the time? W：No, I'm sorry. I don't have a watch. Text 5

W：Hurry up please, or I'll be late!

M：Sorry, madam, but the traffic is thick at this time of day. Text 6

M：I want a watch. Have you any good ones? W：We have a lot of them.

M：How much does this watch cost? W：Seven hundred and fifty dollars. M：The price is rather high. W：A good watch is very expensive.

M：Well, if I buy it and find it is not a good watch or goes wrong, will you exchange it?

W：Certainly, I will promise to do that.

M：All right then, let us say seven hundred; I can't afford more. W：Sorry sir, we can't let you have it for that. M：Then I'll have it. Text 7

W：Good morning, sir.

M：Good morning. Is this the Friendship Hotel? W：Yes. What can I do for you?

M：Good. I'm Mr.White. We booked our rooms yesterday.

W：Just a moment, please. Yes, three single rooms and one double, for five people for three weeks. Am I right?

M：No. You are not right. We'd like two double rooms and one single room. W：I'm sorry. Two double rooms, Numbers Six and Seven. One single room, Number Nine.

M：Where are the rooms? W：On the second floor. Text 8

M：At the time the murder took place, I was travelling on the 8 o'clock train to London.

W：Do you always catch such an early train?

M：Of course I do. I must be at work at 10.

W：At what time did you arrive at the station?

M：At ten to eight, I bought a paper and waited for the train. W：And you didn't notice anything unusual? M：No. Text 9

W：Have you travelled very much? M：Well, yes.

W：What countries have you visited then?

M：I've been to Fiji. I've been to France, Switzerland, Italy and Ireland. W：Why did you visit them? Was this just for holidays, or work, or what? M：In most cases it was for holidays. W：Have you ever worked abroad?

M：Yes, I have. I worked in France for five or six years. W：When was that?

M：That was before I got married in the early 1960s. Text 10

And now our weather report. Nice sunshine all day long today, soon becoming very warm, but there will be some relief from the heat with something of a breeze developing. Even so, the temperature will get up to 25℃ later today; it's already up to 19℃ now, at nine in the morning, and it'll go on rising. Very little cloud at any stage during the day, just a few clouds drifting around early in the afternoon, so we should end up the day with a good fourteen hours of sunshine going into the record books. That breeze is an easterly one that's going to keep the coastal areas a little bit cooler during the day but still quite pleasant. Over the night, clear, dry weather, still a little bit of the breeze and the temperature down to sixteen in central London and twelve or thirteen out of town.

第二部分

第一节

【语篇解读】文章介绍了五位开创性的女物理学家。她们在科学研究方面作出了巨大贡献，她们应该获得诺贝尔奖但由于种种原因而未能获奖。

21．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据Jocelyn Bell Burnell中的“Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967... The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974”可知，第一批radio pulsars在1967年被发现，这项发现被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年。

22．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据Lene Hau中的“Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists”可知，Lene Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单的榜首，她最有可能获得诺贝尔奖。

23．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“We look at five other...

who actually deserve the prize”可知，文中介绍的五位女科学家都应该获得这个奖，但由于各种原因未能获奖。故选D。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容为志愿服务。文章记述了作者请一位家长做志愿者的故事。文章侧重社会服务和人际沟通素养的培养。

24．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。本题题干意为：从第一段那位家长的回答中我们可以推断出关于她的什么？文章中，那位家长的回答是“你可以把我作为最后一个选择，如果没有其他人愿意当志愿者，那么我就做”。根据其回答可以知道，她其实是不太愿意做志愿者的，故C项正确。

25．答案与解析：B'词义猜测题。本题题干意为：第二段中的画线短语“tug at the heartstrings”的意思是什么？根据上下文可知，此处表示“我”又试了一次，这回开始打感情牌。画线短语意为“触动心弦”，故B项正确。A：鼓励团队合作；C：促进良好行为；D：提供建议。

26．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。本题题干意为：从第三段中，我们能够得知那位家长的什么情况？在文章的第三段，作者记述了那位家长在活动中所做的事情，即安排饮食计划、发送邮件、募集资金等，她成了团队中一个重要的成员。因此D项(她成了一个好助手)正确。

27．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。本题题干意为：为什么作者喜欢做志愿工作？根据文章倒数第二段中的“Connecting to the community... provides a real joy”以及“Volunteering just feels so good.”可知，作者认为，做志愿者工作能让她开心。故B项正确。A：这给予她一种责任感；C：这让她能努力工作；D：这给她带来了物质上的回报。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的Josh Morrison梦想筹集100,000美元，为低收入家庭建造家园，经过他多年的努力，梦想终于实现了。

28．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。文章第二段讲述了六年前，Josh提出四年的筹资期限，许多人怀疑他是否能达到100,000美元的目标，但这并没有动摇他的信念，他开始到处筹资。由此可以看出Josh是信心坚定的，不可动摇的，因此用“determined(坚定的)”最恰当。故选D。

29．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Four months before his deadline, he was $30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge, which is in the province of Ontario. The event raised $19,000.”可知，在最后期限的前4个月，他仍缺少30,000美元，于是他决定在Uxbridge举办Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner。目的是实现他的目标，即筹集100,000美元。故选A。

30．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Eventually，Josh reached a total of $134,000 before the deadline. ‘The momentum just kept going, and we

decided to do more，’ he said. ‘Josh's Penny House’ is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa, along with 24 new town houses.”可知Josh的筹资梦想实现了，并且他决定要做更多，由此可推测画线部分表示“他收到持续的捐款”。故选A。

31．答案与解析：B'主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“Josh Morrison,17，dreamed of raising $100,000 to build a home for a low-income family. After years of

hard work, his dream has come true.”可知文章主要讲述了17岁的Josh Morrison梦想筹集100,000美元，为低收入家庭建造家园，他的梦想最终实现。B选项符合文章主题，而且有新意，故选B。

【语篇解读】这篇文章主要讲了一个十岁的小男孩用自己的坚持救了一位上了年纪的邻居的故事。

32．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中的“Given the freezing weather, the young boy got a feeling that something was not right”可知，当看到在一个开着门的车库前面有一个身影时，Danny意识到出了问题，故选C。

33．答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。由文章第三段中的“Sure enough, as she got closer to the apartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help”可知，当Dawn离车库更近时，她看到一位老妇人正挥手寻求帮助，故选C。

34．答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。由文中的“A tenyearold boy from Howell, Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence (坚持)”和“Given the freezing weather, the young boy got a feeling that something was not right”可推断出Danny是一个坚持而又机灵的孩子，故选D。

35．答案与解析：D'考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要讲了一个十岁的小男孩用自己的坚持救了一位上了年纪的邻居的故事，故选D。

第二节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了抵御压力的四种方法。 36. 答案与解析：E 上文讲每个人时不时地都会有压力，再结合选项可知E项“不同的人会感到不同的压力”符合语境。

37．答案与解析：C'根据下文所提到的他们可能有相似的问题可知，此处应指寻找朋友的帮助，故选C项。

38．答案与解析：G'根据“Don't take it out on yourself”可知，不要把压力发泄在自己身上，要请一个帮手来帮你渡过难关。G项“Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation”符合语境。

39．答案与解析：D'根据空后一句话可知，要解决问题，先要找到问题所在，故选D项。

40．答案与解析：A'由文章结构可知，空处应是段落主旨句。根据下文内容

可知，本段主要讲要积极乐观，应选A项。

第三部分第一节

【语篇解读】一家纪念品店的店主Michael Blonder给来自己店里购物的顾客发放布袋，而不是塑料袋，目的是希望政府能够禁止使用一次性塑料袋，以利于环境保护。

41．答案与解析：D'由空前的“giving out reusable fabric bags (布袋) with each purchase”可知，Michael Blonder是纪念品店的店主，故run“经营”，符合文意。

42．答案与解析：A'联系上下文可知，此处表示尽管该城市十多年来都还没有试图这样做。空处前后存在意思上的让步，故用though引导让步状语从句。

43．答案与解析：B'由下文中的“fees have been levied(征收)”可知，全国有8个州实施了禁令。“__3__ them”对应上文中的“a ban on plastic bags”，故选B。

44．答案与解析：D'联系上下文可知，此处表示征收费用的目的是引导消费者不使用一次性塑料袋。故选direct。

45．答案与解析：B'此处表示一次性塑料袋会进入附近的航道。find one's way to/into“进入，到达”。

46．答案与解析：C'联系上下文并结合常识可知，一次性塑料袋会堵塞雨水道。block up“塞住，封住(孔、洞)”，符合文意。

47．答案与解析：A'由下文中的“The Annapolis bill”可知，所缺的词是bill，意为“法案，议案”。

48．答案与解析：D'由破折号后面的内容“who owns grocers, convenience stores and others”可知此处指的是店主(shopkeepers)。

49．答案与解析：A'联系上下文可知，此处指该法案阻止他们提供(providing)塑料袋。故选A。

50．答案与解析：B'联系上下文可知，此处表示安纳波利斯法案也要求每个纸袋征收20美分。call for“(公开)要求”，符合文意。

51．答案与解析：D'根据下文中的”those with a footprint of 20,000 square feet or more”可知此处暗示规模较大的公司，故选D。

52．答案与解析：B'联系上下文可知，此处表示Savidge希望这个法案能够中断公众对塑料袋的依赖(dependence)。故选B。

53．答案与解析：B'联系上下文可知，此处讲述议案成为法律的过程，故选law。

54．答案与解析：C'联系上下文可知，一项禁令是环境保护必不可少的一部分。essential“极其重要的，必不可少的”，符合文意。

55．答案与解析：C'由上文中的“recommended a delay in placing the ban”可推知，他建议推迟实施这一禁令的目的是让消费者可以适应(adjust)。故选C。

第二节

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在过去的几年里，焦虑在青少年中变得越来越普遍，尤其是高中生，并分析了焦虑产生的原因以及应对焦虑的方法。

56．答案与解析：faced'考查非谓语动词。句意：在我看来，随着高考的临近，在学校面对困难和失败的事的学生往往感到不知所措。固定短语be faced with意为“面对”，本句中设空处为非谓语动词，且此处主语students与face构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填faced。

57．答案与解析：symptoms'考查名词的单复数。句意：有些人甚至有身体症状，如头痛、胃疼等等。symptom为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故用复数形式symptoms。

58．答案与解析：that/which'考查定语从句。句意：父母的行为无疑是导致孩子焦虑的另一个原因。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“another reason”，且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填that或which。

59．答案与解析：to'考查固定短语。句意：然而，事实是，大多数家长太关注孩子们的学校表现。固定短语pay attention to意为“关注”。故填to。

60．答案与解析：why 考查宾语从句。句意：他们宁愿对孩子们大喊大叫，也不愿试着弄清孩子们在学校表现不好的原因。设空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为什么”，故填why。

61．答案与解析：Consequently'考查副词。句意：因此，学生们变得越来越不自信，不愿意与任何人交流。修饰整个句子应用副词，首字母应大写，故填Consequently。

62．答案与解析：be avoided'考查动词的语态。句意：生活中压力是不可避免的。本句中主语Pressure与avoid构成被动关系，应用被动语态，且can't后跟动词原形，故填be avoided。

63．答案与解析：to turn'考查非谓语动词。句意：那些成功的人设法将压力变成了动力。manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”，故填to turn。

64．答案与解析：valuable'考查形容词。句意：第二，我们应该把困难看作宝贵的经验。experience为名词，应用形容词修饰，表示“宝贵的”，故填形容词valuable。

65．答案与解析：varies'考查时态和主谓一致。句意：学会用人的智力因人而异的想法安慰自己。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；从句主语为humans' intelligence，从句谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填varies。

第四部分第一节参考范文：

Dear Peter，

I'm glad that you are caring about the development of my hometown. Great changes have taken place since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of

China. The targeted poverty reduction has made a difference. ①Many poor families have got effective help from the local government and have improved their quality of life greatly. Now our village is surrounded with more green trees and colorful flowers. ②The rivers that were polluted seriously are getting clearer and clearer. Please come to visit my hometown in the near future.

Yours， Li Hua

第二节

参考范文：

“I used to be a cyclist，” he said. “Competing in cycling events is what I loved and enjoyed.” Then he told me why he stopped cycling. While cycling one day, he was hit by a car. The doctor told him that he might never walk again. He refused to believe that. So, he was determined not to let the accident prevent him from walking again.

His great determination paid off, and he was able to walk again. His love for life and for fitness is what makes him cross the bridge many times. Moved by his story, I told him that it was an honor to meet a role model like him and that I wanted to make friends with him. He agreed happily. I shook his hand, thanked him for having a chat with me, and let him continue with his exercise. As I walked away, my admiration for him grew even more because of his attitude to life.

Unit2 Improving yourself

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.阅读理解

New Jersey Middle School Makes

Students Go Phone-Free

A middle school in Union County, New Jersey, is forcing its students to stay disconnected in class, by prohibiting cellphones. Maxson Middle School Principal Kevin Stansbury put forward the phone ban last week after he noticed some major

issues in the school. “Our test scores were down, and discipline was up，” he says. According to him, students were too focused on their phones to pay attention to their lessons. So, he purchased Yondr pouches for the school.

When students come into class each morning, they place their phones in the pouch, which is then locked tightly. So they have no access to phones at all. It can only be opened using a special device at the end of the day. The ban on mobile devices applies not just during class time but during breaks, with the only exceptions being in times of emergency or in cases of students who need such devices to help with disabilities.

Eighth graders who spoke with News 12 New Jersey say that they noticed a change in a matter of hours. “It's just better for everyone because you'll understand how it feels to get more work done instead of distracting attention because of the phone，” says student Charlene V. “I was usually listening to music, but today I got to communicate with all my friends，” says student Desiree Duncan.

The program was originally met with resistance from students and parents, so the process was not that smooth. But teachers and administrators say that the program will have a major impact. “Students were talking and laughing and there were no cellphones other than being carried in the pouches，” Stansbury says.

Teacher Nia Cummings says she even noticed students bouncing ideas off each other in class. She says students used to throw in the towel quickly and just rely on their phones to look for answers. She says they now try to figure the answers out themselves. “Everyone is socializing and eating lunch together. That's what I wasn't seeing when phone usage was at its worst，” she adds.

Maxson Middle School is currently the only one in the district to use these pouches. Kevin Stansbury also called on all the schools in the community that it's worth paying close attention to cellphone issues at secondary schools and taking action when necessary.

1．Maxson Middle School put forward the phone ban because students ________.

A．weren't focused on school work B．were always listening to music C．used phones to cheat on exams D．stopped talking with others

2．What did the two eighth graders tell News 12 New Jersey? A．Opposition from students. B．Teamwork with friends. C．The daily routine at school. D．Effect of the program.

3．According to Nia Cummings, what change has the phone ban brought? A．Students discuss more in class. B．Students finish their work on time.

C．Students guess the answers themselves.

D．Students check messages during the break.

Last month, I began my own two-week-long digital detox. I got the inspiration

from the tech writer Paul Miller, who got away from the Internet for a whole year. It was not worth mentioning as against the time Miller spent offline, but it was the longest I had gone through without almost any Internet in 13 years.

Why did I do it? For a while I felt the urge to try fully disconnecting to free myself from the endless work. I wanted to take a break from it all for a couple of weeks at least to see what would happen. After all, throughout the last decade, I've been online 24-7, overreacting to my email inbox and social feed (传送) — living in a world where the line between the digital world and the real world gets a bit unclear at times.

I haven't of course forgotten that I'm CEO of a social media company. My work is built around the premise (前提) that being connected makes our lives richer, more rewarding and more efficient. Still, I'd forgotten one key lesson along the way: moderation. As more and more of my life was spent scanning social feed and checking out my inbox, I realized that I needed to step back and get a whole new perspective.

So on my winter vacation to Mexico, I took a break from being active on the Internet for the entire trip. For the whole 14 days, I ate a lot of delicious fish tacos, surfed and fixed up my cottage on the beach. I didn't write or send any emails. I didn't scan any Top 10 lists of feed. The one I did give myself was checking my email inbox occasionally － just to make sure an emergency wasn't unfolding while I was away.

What I learned from my short experiment was actually not too unlike what Miller learned. I didn't end up discovering that technology is evil. In fact, I found myself reflecting on how technology over the last few years has let me experience some of the most rewarding and eventful moments of my life.

4．Why did the author begin digital detox for two weeks?

A．Because Miller recommended him to do so. B．Because he was tired of his empty life. C．Because he wanted to live a digital life.

D．Because he intended to experience an Internet-free life. 5．Which can replace the underlined word in the third paragraph? A．to a large degree B．in an honest way C．in an appropriate way D．to a very small degree

6．Why did the author still check out his email? A．To deal with emergencies. B．For the sake of his health.

C．To find some delicious food to eat. D．To watch Top 10 lists closely.

7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．The author holds an objective attitude towards technology. B．The author finds technology is harmful. C．The author will advise digital detox completely. D．The author will no longer use the Internet.

Ⅱ.完形填空 Fourteen-year-old Leah Murphy flew over 1,600 miles from her small town to

Brisbane to attend a Pink concert earlier this week. __1__， she probably never imagined that her __2__ would end the way that it did. After Murphy, who lost her __3__ back in June, spent the time in the show holding up a(n) __4__ asking for a hug from the singer, Pink __5__ stopped her show to comfort the teen. Murphy's mother, Debbie, who __6__ Pink as one of her idols, purchased tickets with a friend for the singer's concert in Sydney but passed away before she was able to __7__. Murphy and a relative, Katrina Donkin, attended Tuesday night's show in their place.

In the hope of getting Pink's __8__ during the show, Murphy waved a sign that read, “My name is Leah — I'm 14 years old. I lost my beautiful Mum last month. I would love a __9__. Please！” The sign moved other audience at the scene, who later __10__ themselves passing and waving it throughout the crowd __11__ the sign eventually made its way to Pink on stage. After reading it aloud, the singer __12__ down from the stage to give the teen a hug.

“She told me that I looked pretty and that everything was going to be OK. Then she signed my arm and we __13__ a selfie，” Murphy said. “It __14__ a great deal to me. It was a dream come __15__.”

1．A.However B．Besides C．Therefore D．Otherwise

2．A.career B．experience C．life D．programme 3．A.father B．visa C．passport D．mother 4．A.symbol B．signal C．sign D．advertisement 5．A.briefly B．naturally C．unwillingly D．constantly 6．A.turned to B．made up C．referred to D．looked up 7．A.join B．move C．return D．attend 8．A.record B．attention C．picture D．signature 9．A.smile B．kiss C．hug D．praise 10．A.found B．devoted C．enjoyed D．imagined 11．A.unless B．though C．because D．until 12．A.reached B．searched C．stepped D．slipped 13．A.posted B．took C．made D．developed

14．A.gave B．showed C．meant D．settled 15．A.alive B．true C．lively D．loose

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了新泽西州的一所中学实行禁止使用手机的措施，以保证学生们正常的课堂学习效率。

1．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据第一段中的“According to him, students were too focused on their phones to pay attention to their lessons.”可知学生们太过于关注手机了以至于上课时无法专注，因此Maxson中学推行手机禁止项目是因为学生们无法专注于学业。故选A。

2．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Eighth graders who spoke with News 12 New Jersey say that they noticed a change in a matter of hours.”可知两位八年级的同学说，实施一段时间后她们注意到发生了改变，意在表明两位同学表达了这个项目所带来的影响。故选D。

3．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Teacher Nia Cummings says she even noticed students bouncing ideas off each other in class.”可知，Nia Cummings老师甚至留意到了学生们在课堂上互相探讨想法，因此根据Nia Cummings说的，禁止使用手机带来的好处是同学们在课堂上讨论的更多了。故选A。

【语篇解读】本文为夹叙夹议文。一位媒体公司总裁通过讲述脱瘾治疗的经历以客观的态度阐述了网络对他的生活的影响。

4．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。由第二段中的“For a while I felt the urge to try fully disconnecting to free myself from the endless work. I wanted to take a break from it all for a couple of weeks at least to see what would happen”可知，他这样做的目的是想体验一下没有网络的生活。

5．答案与解析：C 考查词义猜测。由第三段中的“As more and more of my life was spent scanning social feed and checking out my inbox, I realized that I needed to step back and get a whole new perspective”可知作者认为上网适度非常重要。

6．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。由第四段中的“just to make sure an emergency wasn't unfolding while I was away”可知选A。

7．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。由全文尤其是最后一段中的“I found myself reflecting on how technology over the last few years has let me experience some of the most rewarding and eventful moments of my life”可知作者对待科技的态度是客观的。

Ⅱ.完形填空

【语篇解读】 14岁的Leah Murphy的妈妈去世了，她代替妈妈参加了妈妈偶像的演唱会。在演唱会上她希望得到妈妈偶像的拥抱。最终她的梦想变成了现实。

1．答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，上下文之间有逻辑上的转折关系，故选A。 2．答案与解析：B'此处谈论的是Murphy参加音乐会的经历(experience)。 3．答案与解析：D'由第二段第一句可知，Murphy的母亲去世了，故选D。 4．答案与解析：C'由第三段第一句中的”Murphy waved a sign”可知，C项符合文意。

5．答案与解析：A'根据语境并结合常识可知，歌手接下来还要继续演出，所以这里指她短暂地(briefly)停下了演出。

6．答案与解析：C'Murphy的妈妈把Pink看作自己的偶像之一。refer to sb. as...”把某人看作……”。

7．答案与解析：D'联系语境并根据下文中的“Murphy and a relative, Katrina Donkin, attended Tuesday night's show”可知，母亲没能参加(attend)音乐会就去世了。

8．答案与解析：B'由下文中的“Murphy waved a sign that read...”可推出，Murphy这样做的目的是引起歌手的注意。故选B。

9．答案与解析：C'由下文中的“give the teen a hug”可知，Murphy想要得到歌手的一个拥抱(hug)。

10．答案与解析：A'由上文中的“The sign moved other audience”可知，其他听众受到感动，也在不知不觉地传递和挥舞着这个牌子。find oneself doing sth.“不知不觉做某事”。

11．答案与解析：D'此处表示直到牌子最终被传到了舞台上的歌手Pink那里，所以用until。

12．答案与解析：C'此处表示这名歌手走下舞台给这个少年一个拥抱。故选C。

13．答案与解析：B'此处表示我们拍了自拍，故选B。

14．答案与解析：C'联系语境可知，此处表示这件事对Murphy来说意义重大，她的梦想成真了。mean sth. to sb.“对某人重要/意义重大”。

15．答案与解析：B'参见上题解析。be a dream come true“梦想成真”，为固定短语。

Section Ⅱ Using language

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Will your happiness differ if you are doing a kind action without any expectation of rewards or with an expectation of rewards? A study by University of Sussex, headed by Dr. Daniel Campbell-Meikeljohn, tried to answer that question. He and his partners

analyzed over 1,000 brain scans from other studies related to reactions to making a decision based on kindness. They split the studies based on who was making a decision for altruistic (无私的) reasons and who was making a decision due to the expectation of an obvious reward. The results were interesting.

In both instances, the reward center of the brain lit up on the MRI scans (磁共振成像扫描). Yet, for those who made their decision without any rewards, other areas of the brain lit up as well. Specifically, it lit up the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (前扣带皮层区域), which scientists believe plays a role in emotional regulation. Also, it might aid in maintaining excitement related to an event that creates a positive emotional state.

In one study about the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, it is believed that this brain region could be related to depression if it isn't developed properly or is dysfunctional. The fact that this part of the brain lights up during acts of generosity and caring without expectation of rewards shows that the altruistic individuals are getting more sustainable pleasure than those motivated by rewards. It also could aid in explaining how it helps depressive individuals feel happier after doing a kind deed.

We live in a society, and no man is a lonely island. We all need each other. For those who genuinely desire to help others regardless of repayment, maintaining a balance of helping others and yourself is very important. It is healthy and necessary to be kind to yourself, as well as to others.

1．Why did the author think the results interesting?

A．There are no differences as to the lit-up area of the brain. B．The reward center of the brain lit up in one case alone. C．The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex makes no difference. D．The reward center of the brain lit up in both cases.

2．What can be learned about the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex? A．It might help keep calm.

B．It may make a difference to controlling emotion. C．It can create positive emotion. D．It has nothing to do with depression.

3．What does the author seem to suggest in the last paragraph? A．Help others regardless of yourself. B．Treat others and yourself with kindness. C．For the sake of yourself, lend a hand.

D．Practise kindness at all costs.

Everyone can try his best to achieve something. We don't need to be the best, but to constantly challenge the limits of what we are capable of. I gained this belief from my third grade teacher, the most special, honored, trustworthy, and considerate person in my life.

Mr. Myrus was always perfectly dressed and spoke with the belief that talking to an eight-year-old child didn't mean he had to sacrifice appropriate statements or

grammar. And he was demanding,_but he wasn't unreasonable or cruel. He simply felt that no matter what your best was, you should achieve it.

Luckily enough, I met him again as my eighth grade math teacher. I was not, nor ever will be, gifted in math. I remember my struggles in class. “I don't know the answer，” I would say. “I can't do it！”“Perhaps you don't know the answer，” he would say quietly. “Do you think we might figure it out together? How do you know what you can do if you don't have a try？”

Mr. Myrus lived around the corner, and I would often stop by to talk while he worked in his garden, I knew there was someone who let me know that if I had really tried, that was enough. “Don't be so hard on yourself，” he'd say. “Stop blaming yourself. Did you try your best? Well, then you're not a failure，” he often told me these words.

Mr. Myrus died in 1978. I had never thought about his death. He was too young. I felt sorry. But when I think about him now, I don't feel so sorry. He taught me to be kind, not only to others, but to myself. He taught me my own value. He taught me something about honor, about truth, and about doing my best and he also taught me that all feelings and beliefs have dignity and deserve respect. And of all the things I know, I believe that we can't all be “the best”， but we can, each of us, be our best. And I know that's true because Mr. Myrus told me that.

4．What does the underlined word “demanding” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A．Strict. B．Indifferent.

C．Critical. D．Careful.

5．Why did the author think he was lucky in Paragraph 3? A．Mr. Myrus became his teacher again. B．Mr. Myrus was his teacher for eight years.

C．He became interested in math because of Mr. Myrus. D．He developed a good relationship with Mr. Myrus. 6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The author may have become a teacher. B．The author liked to recall his childhood. C．The author believed he would be the best of all.

D．The author ended up being a man of self-confidence. 7．What can we learn about Mr. Myrus according to the passage? A．He is usually indifferent to the students.

B．He is responsible for his students and his teaching. C．He is a person who isn't particular about what he wears. D．He is sometimes cruel and unreasonable to his students.

Ⅱ.七选五

We all know the benefits of regular physical activity. But about 80 percent of people don't take exercise every day. Even some say they don't enjoy exercise. __1__ Here are some tips.

Find a way of exercise that best fits your personality. __2__ Take a group exercise class, join a football team or walk with a group of friends. If you prefer having time alone, jogging or yoga will be better for you.

Make it a habit. It can take a little while for something to become a habit. __3__ One way is to try to exercise at around the same time each day. “Exercise can become addictive in a positive way，” said Dr. Carnethon, who is also a volunteer of the American Heart Association.

__4__ There are many ways to fit exercise into your life. You can find some exercise videos online. Do weight training with things around your home. Take a brief walk after lunch. And if you go to school or work by bus, get off a stop earlier and walk the rest of the way.

Keep going. If you miss a day, don't worry about it. __5__ Just make sure you get back to exercise the next day. It's easy to make something a habit again. You will see the same benefits. And any little bit you can fit in will show benefits.

A．Build exercise into your day.

B．Everybody struggles once in a while. C．So how can you make exercise pleasant? D．Break up your physical activity into smaller parts. E．Therefore, give yourself the time to create a regular routine. F．If you are a social person, do something that attracts you socially. G．Finding a peer group is the perfect way to share your goals and hobbies.

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文为说明文。萨塞克斯大学做了一项研究，研究为了得到回报而帮助他人与施恩不图回报有何区别。研究发现积极地帮助别人有很多益处。

1．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。由第二段中的“In both instances, the reward center of the brain lit up on the MRI scans (磁共振成像扫描)”可知，作者认为非常有趣，因为这两种情况竟然都能使大脑扫描区域中的奖励中心亮起来。

2．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。由第二段中的“which scientists believe plays a role in emotional regulation”可知该区域起着控制情绪的作用。

3．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。由最后一段中的“It is healthy and necessary to be kind to yourself，as well as to others”可知作者建议善待别人也要善待自己。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了通过Mr. Myrus的帮助，作者意识到只要自己尽了最大的努力就不是一个失败的人，这也帮助作者成为一个有自信的人，相信只要尽力，我们就是最好的自己。

4．答案与解析：A'词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Mr. Myrus总是穿着整齐，即使他与八岁的孩子讲话也不会省掉适当的陈述或语法；再结合下文可知，他只是认为无论你的最高标准是什么，你都应该做到。由此可知，画线词意为“严格的”。对比选项：A项“严格的”；B项“漠不关心的”；C项“批评的”；D项“仔细的”。故选A。

5．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Luckily enough, I met him again as my eighth grade math teacher.”可知，作者觉得很幸运是因为Mr. Myrus又当了他的老师。故选A。

6．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“And of all the things I know, I believe that we can't all be “the best”， but we can, each of us, be our best. And I know that's true because Mr. Myrus told me that.”可推知，作者成了一个有自信的人。故选D。

7．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。结合全文尤其是第一段中的“I gained this belief from my third grade teacher, the most special, honored, trustworthy, and considerate person in my life.”可知，Mr. Myrus是一个对学生和教学负责的人。故选B。

Ⅱ.七选五

【语篇解读】作者针对如何让锻炼变得愉快这一问题给出了一些建议。 1．答案与解析：C'根据空前的“Even some say they don't enjoy exercise”可知，甚至有些人说他们不喜欢运动；根据空后的“Here are some tips”可知，接下来要提供一些建议。由此可知，该空承上启下，C选项“那么你怎样才能让锻炼变得愉快呢？”切题，故选C。

2．答案与解析：F'由空后的“Take a group exercise class... with a group of friends”可知，该空引出下文，且与“If you prefer... will be better for you”形成对比，故F选项“如果你是一个好交际的人，那就做一些能在社交方面吸引你的事情”切题，故选F。

3．答案与解析：E'根据空前的“It can take a little while for something to become

a habit”可知，某事需要一段时间才能成为习惯；空后讲到“One way is to try to exercise at around the same time each day”，则该空承上启下，E选项“因此，给你自己时间来建立一个规律”符合语境，故选E。

4．答案与解析：A'该空为本段主题句。根据本段内容可知，这一段主要讲了把锻炼纳入你的日常生活，A项对应空后的“fit exercise into your life”，故选A。

5．答案与解析：B'空前讲“If you miss a day, don't worry about it”，空后讲只要确保你第二天会重新开始锻炼就行了。B选项“每个人偶尔都会艰难地行进”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection

阅读理解 A South Korea has the highest rate of Internet addiction in the world and it is increasingly the country's children who are spending every waking moment immersing themselves in fantasy role plays or gaming. In the remote mountains of South Korea, teenage Internet addicts are turning up for a 12-day boot camp. Kyle Won's addiction is out of control. He spends 10 hours a day on the Internet. Now Kyle's smartphone is taken away. The teachers here do what they can to get them socializing again; for many, the only friends they have had are online. “I have relationships on the Internet and a real distance has grown with my real-life friends and I know it's not good，” Kyle said. The teachers show them other possibilities and bring back dreams and hopes that have been buried by their addictions. “We teach them methods of managing their desire to use the Internet so that they can continue to use it when they go back home，” Shim Yongchool, a teacher here, said. After just two days Kyle said it was helpful. He's set a good example to others though he hasn't reached the goal completely. South Korean psychiatrists (精神病专家) are urging more action as they are finding evidence that too much screen time is a barrier to the developing minds. Professor Kang Seak Young from Dankook University said the addiction was damaging critical thinking. “It affects the frontal lobes (额叶) which are important to critical analysis，” Professor Kang said. “Reading a book and guessing what happens in the story next show activity in frontal lobes but playing popular computer games for a long time shows no activity.” South_Korea_is_one_of_the_most_wired_nations_on_Earth,_but_it_does_have_a_cost. One in every ten kids is an addict, so the country is now learning how to manage its high-tech future to avoid more serious consequences.

1．What do the teachers in the camp teach teenagers to do?

A．Self-manage their smartphones. B．Attain something beyond the Internet. C．Make online friends more wisely. D．Keep away from electronic products. 2．Why does the author mention Kyle's story? A．He faced the most serious addiction. B．He has succeeded in kicking the addiction. C．He's the representative of the addicts. D．He participated in the camp actively. 3．What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us? A．The importance of offline reading. B．The effects of frontal lobes on thinking. C．The popularity of kids' Internet games. D．The harm of Internet addiction to brains.

4．Which saying can explain the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A．There are two sides to every coin. B．No pain, no gain.

C．It's good to learn at another man's cost. D．Prevention is better than cure.

I must have looked deep in thought, or as deep in thought as an 11-year-old man

could, when my grandmother glanced up to ask, “You have something in your mind, don't you？”

“Yes, I was thinking that someday I want to be an Olympic speed skating champion like my hero, Eric Heiden. I want to be a doctor like my parents and I want to help children in Africa.”

I immediately knew I had confided (吐露) to the right person when a knowing smile appeared on her face. “Johann, of course! You can do anything you want to do！” she said simply. And with my grandmother's support, I set out to pursue my passions.

14 years later, I was well ready to take hold of my first dream: becoming an Olympic champion. The Olympics in 1994 was in my home country, Norway. As I entered the Olympic stadium, I wasn't the best athlete in contrast to other athletes, and many had doubts about my ability to perform well. But something special motivated me. I had a woman in the first row who believed in me. For the first time ever, my grandmother was going to see me skate.

It happened. Breaking a world record, I won gold.

As I stood on the podium that I had dreamed about my entire life, a curious

question popped into my head. Why me? Why did I win, given all the other incredible competitors out there? The reason had to be more than a grandmother who shared a belief in her grandson's dream. The question led me to only one answer: because I wanted to make a difference in the world, and with all the media attention on my success , I could.

I immediately knew what that difference had to be: hope of the life of the children in Africa. Six months earlier, I was invited to Eritrea as an ambassador for Olympic Aid.

5．When the author spoke of what was in his mind, his grandmother ________.

A．laughed at him B．supported him

C．had no confidence in him D．felt quite surprised

6．The author probably realized his first dream at the age of ________. A．20 B．22 C．25 D．28

7．What will the author tell us in the part following the passage? A．His efforts in helping the African children.

B．His hard training in preparing for the next Olympics. C．His successes at other Olympic Games. D．His grandmother's attitude towards him. 8．What is the whole passage mainly about? A．A young boy who had many dreams. B．The encouragement from a grandmother.

C．A sportsman who finally realized all of his dreams.

D．An Olympic hero who made a difference in the world.

Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of

destroying them.

It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the

warning, “Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it？” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.

With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also

approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.

Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product － CanCandy.

As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.

Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilieCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.

9．How did Moore react to her dad's warning?

A．She argued with him. B．She tried to find a way out. C．She paid no attention. D．She chose to consult dentists. 10．What is special about CanCandy? A．It is beneficial to dental health. B．It is free of sweeteners. C．It is sweeter than other candies. D．It is produced to a dentists' recipe.

11．What does Moore expect from her business? A．To earn more money. B．To help others find smiles. C．To make herself stand out. D．To beat other candy companies.

12．What can we learn from Alice Moore's story? A．Fame is a great thirst of the young. B．A youth is to be regarded with respect. C．Positive thinking and action result in success.

D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied.

答案及解析

阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文围绕“思维品质”这一问题展开，主要介绍了韩国国内较高的青少年网瘾率所采取的措施。

1．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The teachers here do what they can to get them socializing again”和“The teachers show them other possibilities and bring back dreams and hopes that have been buried by their addictions”可知，这里的老师尽其所能让学生们重新与他人交往，向他们展示人生其他的可能性，并让他们重新找回为网瘾所埋葬的梦想和希望。由此推知，这里的老师们帮助孩子们获得网络以外的东西。

2．答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。由第二段中的“After just two days Kyle said it was helpful. He's set a good example to others though he hasn't reached the goal completely”可知，Kyle是网瘾少年的典型代表，作者以Kyle为例来说明网瘾青少年在戒网瘾训练营的相关情况。

3．答案与解析：D'考查主旨大意。第三段主要讲了韩国精神病专家呼吁采取更多的行动，因为他们发现用电脑的时间过长会阻碍思维能力的发展。故D项符合题意。

4．答案与解析：A'考查句意理解。由画线句可知，韩国是世界上网络最发达的国家之一，再根据画线句后的“One in every ten kids is an addict”可知，这也是有“代价”的——网络的普及导致大量的韩国青少年对网络上瘾。故A项“事物都有两面性”符合题意。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在祖母的支持下，努力追求自己的梦想，最终成为奥运会速度滑冰冠军的故事。

5．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And with my grandmother's support, I set out to pursue my passions.”可知，在祖母的支持下，作者开始追求他的梦想，由此可以推断，当作者说出他的梦想时，祖母支持他，故B项正确。

6．答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I must have looked deep in thought, or as deep in thought as an 11yearold man could”及第四段中的“14 years later, I was well ready to take hold of my first dream: becoming an Olympic champion.”可知，11岁时作者说出了自己的梦想，14年后，作者准备好实现他的第一个梦想——成为奥运会冠军，并且他最终实现了，由此可知，作者在25岁时实现了他的第一个梦想，故C项正确。

7．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I want to be a doctor like my parents and I want to help children in Africa.”可知，作者还有一个梦想——像他父母一样成为一名医生并帮助非洲儿童，由此可推知，接下来作者会讲述自己为帮助非洲儿童而做出的努力，故A项正确。

8．答案与解析：B'主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者在祖母的支持与鼓励下，努力追求自己的梦想，最终成为奥运会速度滑冰冠军的故事。祖母的支持与鼓励对作者实现梦想起了重要作用，故B项正确。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境为人与自我，主题语境内容为创新与创业意识。Alice是一个青少年创业者，她用她独有的智慧帮助了其他爱吃糖果的孩子并成就了自己的事业。本文侧重培养学生的思维品质。

9．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。本题题干意为：对于她爸爸的警告，Moore是如何回应的？根据题干中的关键词“dad's warning”可以锁定答案在第二段。根据第二段第五句“So she desired to get round the warning, ‘Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it？’”可知，Moore希望找到解决办法，因此答案为B项(她试图找到出路)。A：她与他争论；C：她没有给予关注；D：她选择咨询牙医。

10．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。本题题干意为：CanCandy有什么特别之处？根据文章第三段第一句“With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly.”可知答案为A项(它对牙齿健康有益处)。B：它没有甜味剂；C：它比其他糖果都甜；D：它是按照牙医处方做的。

11．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。本题题干意为：Moore对她的事业有什么期待？根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句“She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.”可知，答案为B项(帮助其他人找到笑容)。A：赚更多的钱；C：让她自己脱颖而出；D：打败其他糖果公司。

12．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。本题题干意为：我们从Alice Moore的故事当中能够学到什么？Alice的初衷是为了让更多喜欢糖果的小孩既能享用糖果又能使牙齿健康，有了积极的想法并积极地去行动，最终她的事业获得了成功，因此本题选C项(积极的想法和行动成就了成功)。

单元测试卷

选择题部分

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What was the woman?

A．A cook. B．A manager. C．A waitress. 2．How will the woman get there?

A．By taxi. B．By bus. C．On foot. 3．Where is the man's ID card?

A．In the drawer. B．On the desk. C．In the bag. 4．Why is the woman going to the school? A．To pick up her son. B．To visit her son's teacher.

C．To ask her son what he does every day.

5．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? A．Doctor and patient. B．Teacher and student. C．Father and daughter.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6．What does the woman think of Bob? A．He likes playing. B．He likes chatting. C．He is hard－working. 7．What will the speakers do? A．They will meet Bob. B．They will study in the library. C．They will go to the cinema. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8．How many bags did the woman receive today? A．Eleven. B．Thirty. C．Four. 9．What is in the man's bag?

A．Some money. B．A black pen. C．His ID card.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．When will the man visit New York?

A．From April 14. B．From April 17. C．From April 4. 11．How much will the man spend on the room for four nights? A．$308. B．$1,032. C．$1,232. 12．What kind of room would the man like? A．A non－smoking room with two single beds. B．A smoking room with a queen－sized bed. C．A non－smoking room with a queen－sized bed. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What are the speakers talking about? A．Some famous parks in China. B．A tourist site in China. C．Some wildlife in China.

14．How long did the woman stay in the park? A．Three days. B．Four days. C．Five days. 15．What did the woman see in the park? A．Tigers. B．Butterflies C．Snakes. 16．What are the paths like in the park? A．They have stairs. B．They are very plain.

C．They are very difficult to walk on. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What was Lily before she came here? A．A student. B．A teacher. C．A driver. 18．How many children are there in Lily's family? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 19．Where is Lily now?

A．In Mexico. B．In London. C．In New York. 20．Where did Lily live when she first came to the city? A．In a hotel. B．On the street. C．In an apartment. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

Better known by his stage name KUN, Cai Xukun is, without doubt, one of the most popular stars in China.

On July 26, 2019, the 21-year-old KUN released his new single YOUNG. Within

just 20 seconds, it reached 1 million views and in only 3 days topped the music charts of Tencent's QQ Music.

Cai wrote the song by himself to share his understanding of modern-day youth.

The singer has mixed R&B with electronic music to make his new beat cheerful. One reviewer wrote on QQ Music: “When you listen to the song, you just seem to go back to youth again.”

August 2 is Cai's birthday, and the song was a gift to himself. The singer hopes that he can always have the courage to follow his love of music, ignoring what anyone says. “My works are like my children and I have put my best effort into them. I want every piece of my works to have my own spirit in it. I feel more enjoyable when I am performing my own work.” He told the Global Times.

To find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances from festivals to operas. “I just like to do everything, all for my music, all for my art，” he told i-D.

With talent and dedication (献身), Cai is expected by many to make his mark on the competitive Chinese music industry.

21．What do we know about KUN's newest single?

A．It has earned two million sales. B．It makes people feel energetic. C．It is a birthday gift to a friend of his. D．It combines jazz and electronic music. 22．What can we learn from KUN's words? A．He gains great satisfaction from creating music. B．He prefers singing songs to writing them.

C．He wants every piece of his works liked by everyone. D．He is preparing another new single.

23．Which of the following would best describe KUN? A．Courageous and patient. B．Talented and humorous. C．Hardworking and creative. D．Optimistic and generous.

On March 10, 2019, eight-year-old Tani defeated 73 young competitors to win

the New York State Scholastic Chess Championship in his age group — kindergarten to third grade — with five wins and one draw. While the achievement is remarkable in itself, what is even more so is that the youngster, who was homeless at the time, began learning the game less than a year ago.

Tani and his family arrived in New York City from Nigeria in 2017, seeking religious protection. A church pastor (牧师) helped find the family of four space in a

homeless shelter in Manhattan and, soon after, Tani entered the local elementary school. It was here that the young talent was first introduced to the basics of chess by a part-time teacher. Attracted by the game, then the seven-year-old begged his mother,

Oluwatoyin, to allow him to join the school's chess club. The family were concerned that they would be unable to afford the fees and expenses, which add up to thousands of dollars due to travel and chess competition admissions. Oluwatoyin emailed chess instructor Russell, who ran the club. To her surprise and delight, Russell agreed to_waive_all_costs_for_young_Tani. The rest, as they say, is history. The young boy, who has got seven prizes in less than a year, currently ranks 27 in America in his age group.

Though the chess club certainly helps, Tani's success can be largely owed to the efforts he has put into the game. The chess talent practices the game for several hours a day either on the floor with his board, or online, using his dad's laptop. Every Saturday, Tani and his mother head to Harlem for a free 3-hour class to help further sharpen his

game skills.

Not surprisingly, Tani's incredible story, first reported by The New York Times, has resulted in an outpouring of support from the American public. Shortly after the young boy won the New York State Championship, Russell began a GoFundMe campaign for Tani and his family to “secure a home where he can continue with his journey”．

And the heartwarming story gets even better! Since they now have a home, the family have decided to “pay it forward” and donate the over $200,000 collected on GoFundMe to African immigrants in America who are struggling the way the family was.

24．What made Tani's achievement especially remarkable?

A．His young age. B．His quick learning. C．Support from his family. D．Help from his teacher.

25．What does the underlined part “to waive all costs or young Tani” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．To pay for Tani's schooling.

B．To raise money for Tani's family. C．To teach Tani free of charge. D．To spend more on Tani's training. 26．What's Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Success of Tani.

B．Activities of the chess club. C．Tani's devotion to the game. D．Public reaction to Tani's story.

27．What does the last paragraph tell us about the family? A．They are caring. B．They live in poverty.

C．They are honest. D．They are pitiful.

Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against

failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were not very valued because “everyone's a winner”. And their report cards sounded more positive than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation”．

Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mindsets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here's how they work.

A fixed mindset is supported by the belief that talent (才能) is genetic － you're a born artist or mathematician. The fixed mindset believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame (羞耻). When things get difficult, it's quick to blame others, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.

On the other hand, a growth mindset believes that no talent is entirely born and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn't the most important thing, the growth mindset sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, they are quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, they enjoy this experience.

We are all born with growth mindsets. Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to live in the world. But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mindsets by encouraging certain actions and misdirected praise. Dweck's book, Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, and the online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.

28．What does the author think about the generation born between 1980 and 2001?

A．They don't do well at school. B．They are often misunderstood. C．They are eager to win in sports. D．They are given too much praise.

29．A fixed mindset person is probably the one who ________. A．doesn't want to work hard B．cares a lot about personal safety C．cannot share his ideas with others D．can succeed with the help of teachers 30．What does the growth mindset believe? A．Admitting failure is shameful.

B．Talent comes with one's birth. C．Scores should be highly valued. D．Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.

31．What should parents do for their children based on Dweck's study? A．Encourage them to learn from failure. B．Prevent them from making mistakes. C．Guide them through the difficulty. D．Help them grow with praise.

Chinese A-level has overtaken (超过) German for the first time, as it becomes the

UK's third most popular language.

This year 3,334 students take Chinese A-level, compared to 3,058 taking German.

While entries (参加总人数) for Chinese have increased by 8. 6 percent since last year, German entries have reduced by 16.5 percent. French remains the most popular modern language followed by Spanish, but both have seen a fall in entries compared to last year by eight and four percent respectively.

Barnaby Lenon, chair of the Independent Schools Council (ISC), said that although pupils used to be told “It will really help your career if you learn German”， this is no longer the case.

“In the 1960s, 70s and even the 80s, pupils were strongly encouraged to study German because of the importance of the German economy. Although it is still strong, that argument has faded, and China has appeared in the last 25 years as the fastest growing economy in the world.”

Mr Lenon, former headmaster of Harrow School, said the rise in Chinese A-level

entries is partly driven by private schools, many of which have invested in the subject in recent years. “It is not the case that a large number of state schools are now teaching Chinese A-level. They are not，” he said. Many of the entries will be Chinese native

speakers and he added that independent schools have attracted “large numbers” of Chinese pupils in recent years.

Mark Herbert, director of schools and skills at the British Council, welcomed the rise in Chinese Alevel entries. He said, “Our research shows that Mandarin will be one of the most important languages for the UK's future and global standing － but we mustn't neglect Spanish, French and German which will still be vital for post-Brexit (脱欧)．”

Nick Gibb, the schools minister, said, “An outwardlooking global nation needs a new generation of young people comfortable with the language and culture of our overseas trading partners.”

32．Which language has the largest number of A-level entries in the UK this year?

A．Chinese. B．German. C．French. D．Spanish.

33．According to the passage, why were the students in the UK encouraged to learn German from the 1960s to 1980s?

A．Because UK and Germany are both European countries.

B．Because UK and Germany had a long history of exchange. C．Because Germany's economy was in good condition. D．Because students could study in Germany.

34．In Mr Lenon's view, what has contributed to the increase in Chinese A-level

entries in the UK?

A．Independent schools and private schools.

B．The Chinese culture. C．State schools.

D．The fastest growing economy in China.

35．What can we learn from Mark Herbert's words in Paragraph 6? A．He is against learning Chinese.

B．Spanish, French and German are the most important to learn. C．It's difficult to learn Chinese well.

D．Britain should attach importance to different foreign languages. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Bring Our Community Together

Canada is a nation that prides itself on multi-culturalism and opportunity. __36__ Building social connections and a sense of belonging brings people together in ways that strengthen individual relationships as well as whole communities.

There are several things that we can do to develop strong social connections and a sense of belonging：

__37__ One of the simplest ways to bring a community together is through shared experience. Events like an international food festival, a sports league featuring activities from around the world, and health and wellness programs drawing on different cultures, are excellent ways of bringing people together.

Think outside our box. __38__ Many of us get caught up in our own routines and practices and forget that there are other ways of doing things. Try talking to different community members, ranging from youths to seniors, to understand their opinions of the world. __39__ Try new things. Positively influencing our community can go beyond volunteering our time and resources. Consider getting involved in our community by working for the census (人口普查) as an enumerator (人口普查员) or a crew leader. Census enumerators are responsible for identifying dwellings on maps, conducting personal interviews, and following up with respondents in person and by phone, while

crew leaders are responsible for leading, training and supervising a team of enumerators. __40__ A strong feeling of unity in a community can make residents feel comfortable and at home.

A．Plan community events.

B．Encourage community members to do some community service work. C．Social connections offer community members chances to know each other better.

D．Our multi-cultural tradition provides a welcoming environment for individuals

and families.

E．Learning different cultures and practices can open our mind to a whole new way of life.

F．Invite individuals of different cultures to participate in community planning to ensure that every voice is heard.

G．These positions provide an opportunity to meet new people and build relationships with members of our community.

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

In October, I told the eightyearolds in my class about my plan. “I'd like all of you to do __41__ jobs around the house to earn some money，” I said. “Then we'll buy food for a Thanksgiving dinner for someone who might not have a nice dinner __42__.”

Early in Thanksgiving week, the boys and girls arrived at the __43__， clutching their hard-earned money. I watched them running up and down, busily doing their

__44__. At last we headed toward the checkout, pushing a cart filled with turkey and all the trimmings (配料). Then someone spotted a “necessity” that sent them racing.

“Flowers！” Kristine cried. The group __45__ toward the holiday plants. Stuck in the middle was a pot of purple mums. “She'll like this one，” the children __46__， and put the purple plant into the cart.

We finally __47__ in front of a small bungalow in the woods. A slightly built woman with a weary face came to the door to __48__ us. My little group hurried to get the food. As each box was carried in, the old woman oohed and aahed (赞叹不已) — much to her visitors' __49__. When Amy put the purple mums on the counter, the woman seemed surprised. She's __50__ it was a bag of flour, I thought.

We returned to the car. We could see the kitchen __51__. The woman inside waved __52__， then turned and walked across the room, past the turkey, past the trimmings, straight to the __53__. She put her face in their petals (花瓣). When she

raised her head, there was a __54__ on her lips. The children were quiet. In that one brief moment, they had seen for themselves the __55__ they possessed to make another's life better. 41．A.hard B．extra C．spare D．unique

42．A.otherwise B．always C．occasionally D．however 43．A.house B．classroom C．street D．supermarket 44．A.shopping B．job C．business D．task 45．A.looked B．came C．rushed D．made 46．A.chose B．moved C．admired D．agreed 47．A.pulled up B．picked up C．sped up D．called on 48．A.lead B．welcome C．accept D．answer

49．A.surprise B．disappointment C．relaxation D．pleasure 50．A.wishing B．discovering C．finding D．waiting 51．A.smoke B．window C．shelf D．glass 52．A.hello B．gratitude C．goodbye D．thanks 53．A.door B．flour C．flowers D．woods 54．A.smile B．tear C．color D．change 55．A.help B．power C．attitude D．youth

非选择题部分

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kyrgyzstan (吉尔吉斯斯坦) is a mountainous country where nearly two thirds of the people live in rural areas. The UN notes that the local economy depends 56.________ (heavy) on farming. So it is rare for any Kyrgyz to choose technology 57.________ a career path.

The UN Development Programme studied records about the country's college 58.________ (graduate) in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, construction and manufacturing. It found that women make up less than 10 percent of those graduates.

Nineteen-year-old Alina Anisimova, 59.________ is a computer programmer,

says some girls don't have the courage to take on such studies because it is not common in their country. And, she also says a majority of parents discourage their daughters from 60.________ (study) these subjects. Girls in her country are expected 61.________ (marry) instead of having careers. Nearly one in 10 girls in Kyrgyzstan is married before the age of 18, notes the international aid group Girls Not Brides. She wishes that in the future people will not consider it so 62.________ (surprise) to see young women get involved in engineering and metal working.

Actually, the number of women in science, technology, engineering and math

areas 63.________ (increase) in recent years. For example, in the US, there has been a push to get more girls interested in such subjects at 64.________ early age. Still, the UN's cultural agency UNESCO notes that only about 30 percent of the world's researchers 65.________ (be) women.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节应用文写作(满分15分)

为了丰富同学们的校园生活，给英语学习者提供相互交流的好机会，学校决定开办英语角。请你以学生会的名义写一则书面通知，向全校学生介绍英语角的相关情况，内容包括：

1.举行开幕式的时间及地点； 2.英语角活动的内容； 3.参与的人员。注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：开幕式opening ceremony

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Jenny was a pretty five-year-old girl. One day when she and her mother were

checking out at a grocery store, Jenny saw a pretty plastic pearl necklace (珍珠项链). “Oh please, Mommy. Can I have it? Please！” Quickly the mother checked its price. “It costs a dollar and ninety-five cents. That's almost $2. If you really want it, I'll think

about some extra housework for you to earn more money. Besides, your birthday is only a week later and you might get another dollar bill from your grandma.”

Jenny worked very hard, and sure enough, her grandma gave her a brand-new

dollar bill on her birthday. Soon Jenny had enough money to buy the necklace. Jenny loved her pearls. They made her feel dressed up and grown up. She wore them everywhere － Sunday school, kindergarten, even to bed.

Jenny had a very loving daddy and every night when she was ready for bed, he would stop whatever he was doing and come upstairs to tell her a story. One night when he finished the story, he asked Jenny, “Do you love me？”

“Oh yes, Daddy. You know I love you.”

“Then give me your pearls.”

“Oh, Daddy, not my pearls. But you can have Princess — the white horse from my collection. She's my favorite.”

“That's okay, Honey. Daddy loves you. Good night.” And he brushed her cheek with a kiss.

About a week later, after the story time, Jenny's daddy asked again, “Do you love me？”

“Of course, Daddy.”

“Then give me your pearls.”

“Oh, Daddy, not my pearls. But you can have my new doll. She is so beautiful.” “That's okay. Sleep well, little one. Daddy loves you.” And as usual, he brushed her cheek with a gentle kiss.

A few nights later, when the daddy came in, he noticed her hands were closed and trembling (颤抖) and one silent tear was rolling down her cheek. “What is it, Jenny? What's the matter？”

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。 “Here, Daddy. It's for

you.”____________________________________________________

Jenny's kind daddy reached out his hand and took the pearl necklace.____________________________________________________

答案及解析

第一部分答案：

1－5 ACABB 6－10 CCBCA 11－15 CCBAB 16－20 AACBB

听力材料： Text 1

M: Why did you leave that job?

W: I didn't like standing in the kitchen all day. I couldn't bear it! Text 2

M: Do you want to go by bus or by taxi?

W: Neither. I'd prefer to walk there. It is good for my health. Text 3

M: Have you put my ID card in your bag，darling?

W: What a poor memory you have! You put it in the desk drawer last night. Text 4

M: We'll be busy this morning. Do you still have to go to the school?

W: Yes，I have to see my son's teacher. You know，he is lying every day. Text 5

W: I'm sorry，Mr. Wang，but I can't hand in my homework on time. M: Could you give me the reason?

W: I was taking care of my mother all night yesterday. She was badly ill. Text 6

W: Hi，Steve. What's your plan for tonight?

M: I don't have any plans. Are you doing anything special?

W: Well，if you're bored，let's meet up tonight and go to see a film. M: That sounds like a good idea. Should we invite Bob?

W: I don't think so. He is always working, and he doesn't like wasting time chatting or playing.

M: OK. We'll leave him out then. When and where should we meet? W: Let's meet at 8：30 at the gate of the university. M: Oh，I should return some books first. What about meeting in front of the university library?

W: All right. I'll see you later tonight. Text 7

W: Lost and Found. What can I do for you?

M: I left my bag on a subway train this morning.

W: Well，we received thirty bags from the subway company today. What color is yours?

M: It's black and it's made of leather.

W: Hmm ... We've got eleven here. Is it big or small? M: It's not big. It's about 50 cm by 20 cm.

W: Hmm... We have four here. Can you tell me the contents of it? Is there any money in it?

M: No. There's a white Parker pen, a number of business cards and my ID card! W: Your ID card? Could you give me your name，please?

M: Leo Johnson.

W: Well，I think we have your bag here. Text 8

M: Hello, I'd like to book a hotel room.

W: That should be no problem. May I have your full name, please? M: My name is John Sandals. J-o-h-n, S-a-n-d-a-l-s, John Sandals.

W: Yes，Mr. Sandals. How long will you stay，sir?

M: I'm planning to visit New York from Friday, April 14 until Monday，April 17. How much are your rooms per night?

W: Each night is $308.

M: That price is perfectly acceptable.

W: Wonderful! Would you prefer a smoking or a non-smoking room?

M: Non-smoking, please.

W: Very well. Do you want a room with a queen-sized bed or two single beds?

M: I would like a queen-sized bed.

W: OK，Mr. Sandals. May I have your phone number? M: Certainly. My phone number is 626-555-1739.

W: Thank you. Mr. Sandals. We look forward to seeing you in New York. Text 9

M: So, Alice, I'm thinking about going to China and I'm really into nature. Can you recommend a place to me?

W: The best thing I did in China was go through Zhangjiajie National Park in Hunan Province. If you like nature，it is worth visiting. Be sure to take a lot of pictures.

M: Wow, how big is the park?

W: I didn't see the whole thing and I spent three days there walking through different parts each day, so I really don't know how big it is except that it's really large.

M: Oh. Did you see any wildlife such as tigers, wolves or snakes? W: No, I just saw butterflies.

M: Was it difficult to walk on the roads and paths?

W: Yeah, though they are not plain, most of them do have stairs so I don't think it is very difficult.

M: So, where is this again? Did you say it was in Hunan Province? W: That's right. Text 10

W: My name is Lily and I was born in Mexico in 1978. As a child I was a good girl and a good student. My parents were proud of me. My father is a driver who has driven for 25 years，and my mother is an English teacher. I have two elder sisters and a younger brother. They all work in New York and are married. I am the only one that is still single in my family. I studied in a college before I came here. Now I am a teacher. When I first came to London，I met a lot of difficulties. I didn't know anyone here and didn't have enough money with me. I couldn't afford to live in a hotel and even couldn't

pay for my food. I lived on the street for about two weeks before I got this job. Life in the past was so hard，but you see my life is better now. I can earn a living and I live in a good apartment. I think as long as we don't give up, life will become better.

第二部分

第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国流行歌手蔡徐坤，他勇敢、专注、不被外界的看法左右。因为有音乐天赋并且努力，他有望在竞争激烈的中国音乐市场获得一席之地。

21．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Cai wrote the song by himself to share his understanding of modernday youth.”和“One reviewer wrote on QQ Music：‘When you listen to the song, you just seem to go back to youth again.’”可知蔡徐坤这首单曲的内容是他对当代的年轻人的理解，且一个乐评人说听了这首歌能让人们感觉自己回到了年少时期，故推测这首单曲能让人充满活力。故选B。

22．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“I feel more enjoyable when I am performing my own work.”可知，蔡徐坤说他表演自己的作品时感到非常开心，即他从创作音乐中获得了满足感。故选A。

23．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“My works are like my children and I have put my best effort into them.”和第五段中的“To find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances from festivals to operas.”可知蔡徐坤工作很努力；根据第三段中的“When you listen to the song, you just seem to go back to youth again.”和最后一段中的“With talent and dedication(献身)”可知他有创造力。故选C。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个来自贫穷家庭的孩子Tani在Russell的帮助下，通过自己的勤奋和努力在很短时间内把国际象棋学得很好，并在比赛中获得了好的名次。

24．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“While the achievement is remarkable in itself, what is even more so is that the youngster, who was homeless at the time, began learning the game less than a year ago.”可知Tani在不到一年的时间就把国际象棋学得很好，故推测他学习得很快。故选B项。

25．答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。根据文章第二段的“Oluwatoyin emailed chess instructor Russell, who ran the club. To her surprise and delight, Russell agreed to waive all costs for young Tani.”可知Oluwatoyin给国际象棋教练Russell发了一封电子邮件，他是这家俱乐部的负责人。令她又惊又喜的是，Russell同意“to waive all costs for young Tani|。结合语境，尤其是“To her surprise and delight”可推测发生了好的事情，Russell是教练，由此可推测画线部分的意思是“免费教Tani”。故选C项。

26．答案与解析：C'主旨大意题。根据本段的内容，尤其是第一句“Though the

chess club certainly helps, Tani's success can be largely owed to the efforts he has put into the game.”可知，本段主要讲述Tani在国际象棋上的付出。故选C项。 27．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Since they now have a home, the family have decided to “pay it forward” and donate the over $200,000 collected on GoFundMe to African immigrants in America who are struggling the way the family was.”可推测这家人乐于助人。故选A项。

【语篇解读】斯坦福大学教授Dweck经过40年的调查研究认为人们对待失败有两种不同的思维模式，这两种思维模式对我们如何对待失败有很大的影响。

28．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them the overpraised generation'”可知，出生于1980年与2001年之间的这一代人是被过度表扬的一代，故D正确。

29．答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The fixed mindset believes it's sure to succeed without much effort”可知，他们认为不努力也能成功，故A正确。 30．答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据文章第四段中的“the growth mindset sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, they are quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, they enjoy this experience”可知，成长型思维把失败看成是一个机会而不是耻辱。当面对困难时，他们会很快重新思考、改变和重试。事实上，他们享受这种体验。所以有成长型思维的人认为克服困难是令人愉快的。故D正确。

31．答案与解析：A'考查推理判断。根据文章内容可推知，根据Dweck的研究，父母应该鼓励孩子从失败中学习，形成成长型思维。故A正确。

【语篇解读】在英国今年的A级考试中，选考汉语的考生人数首次超过德语。汉语成为英国第三大热门语言。

32．答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“French remains the most popular modern language followed by Spanish, but both have seen a fall in entries compared to last year by eight and four percent respectively”可知答案。

33．答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“In the 1960s, 70s and even the 80s, pupils were strongly encouraged to study German because of the importance of the German economy”可知，C项正确。

34．答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Mr Lenon, former headmaster of Harrow School, said the rise in Chinese A-level entries is partly driven by

private schools”以及本段最后一句可知答案。

35．答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“welcomed the rise in Chinese A-level entries”以及“but we mustn't neglect Spanish, French and German which will still be vital for post-Brexit (脱欧)”可知答案。

第二节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章中作者针对如何让我们的社区团结起来这个问题，给出了一些建议。

36．答案与解析：D'上文说“加拿大是一个以多元文化和机会为荣的国家”，下文说“建立社会联系和归属感使人们以加强个人关系和整个社区的方式走到一起”。D选项“我们的多元文化传统为个人和家庭提供了一个友好的环境。”符合语境，故选D。

37．答案与解析：A'由下文“One of the simplest ways to bring a community together is through shared experience... are excellent ways of bringing people together.”可知，这一段主要讲了“计划社区活动”，故选A。

38．答案与解析：E'由下文“Many of us get caught up in our own routines and practices and forget that there are other ways of doing things.”可知该空引出下文，E选项符合语境，故选E。

39．答案与解析：F'由上文“Try talking to different community members, ranging from youths to seniors, to understand their opinions of the world.”可知该空承接上文，F选项“邀请不同文化的个人参与社区规划，以确保每个意见都能被听到。”符合语境，故选F。

40．答案与解析：G'上文说“人口普查员负责在地图上识别住所，进行个人面谈，并亲自和通过电话对调查对象进行跟踪，而小组负责人负责领导、培训和监督一组人口普查员”。该空承接上文，G选项“这些职位提供了一个认识新朋友和与我们社区的成员建立关系的机会。”符合语境，故选G。

第三部分第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位老师通过让孩子们自己赚钱去买礼物送给一个老奶奶，让孩子们认识到自己拥有能够使别人的生活变得更好的力量。

41．答案与解析：B'考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说：“我希望你们都在家附近做些额外的工作来挣点钱。”hard艰难的；extra额外的；spare空闲的；unique独一无二的。根据下文“around the house to earn some money”可知，此处指“在家附近做些额外的工作来挣点钱”。故选B。

42．答案与解析：A'考查副词词义辨析。otherwise否则；always总是；occasionally偶尔；however然而。根据语境及常识可知，此处指“否则的话，有人可能就不会有一顿好的晚餐”。故选A。

43．答案与解析：D'考查名词词义辨析。house房子；classroom教室；street大街；supermarket超市。根据下文“At last we headed toward the checkout, pushing a cart filled with turkey and all the trimmings(配料)．”可知，孩子们带着辛苦挣来的钱来到超市。故选D。

44．答案与解析：A'考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着他们跑来跑去，忙着

购物。shopping购物；job工作；business业务；task任务。根据下文“At last we headed toward the checkout, pushing a cart filled with turkey and all the trimmings(配料)．”可知，孩子们忙着买东西。故选A。

45．答案与解析：C'考查动词词义辨析。look看；come来；rush冲；make制作。根据上文“Then someone spotted a “necessity” that sent them racing.”可知，孩子们买东西的时候比较兴奋，此处指冲向节日植物。故选C。

46．答案与解析：D'考查动词词义辨析。choose选择；move移动；admire仰慕；agree同意。根据下文“put the purple plant into the cart”可知，孩子们达成了一致意见。故选D。

47．答案与解析：A'考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们终于在树林里的一间小平房前停了下来。pull up停下来；pick up捡起；speed up加速；call on拜访。根据下文“in front of a small bungalow in the woods”可知，我们在树林里的一间小平房前停了下来。故选A。

48．答案与解析：B'考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位身材瘦小、面容疲惫的女人来到门口欢迎我们。lead带领；welcome欢迎；accept接受；answer回答。根据语境可知，此处指一位女人到门口欢迎我们。故选B。

49．答案与解析：D'考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着每个盒子都被搬了进去，老妇人赞叹不已——这让客人们非常高兴。surprise吃惊；disappointment失望；relaxation放松；pleasure高兴。赠送的东西得到了认可，孩子们很高兴。故选D。

50．答案与解析：A'考查动词词义辨析。wish希望；discover发现；find发现；wait等。根据上文“When Amy put the purple mums on the counter, the woman seemed surprised.”及语境可知，老妇人比较贫穷，因此作者认为她也许希望那是一袋面粉，因为面粉更实用。故选A。

51．答案与解析：B'考查名词词义辨析。smoke烟；window窗户；shelf架子；glass玻璃。根据下文“The woman inside waved __52__， then turned and walked across the room, past the turkey, past the trimmings，straight to the __53__.”可知，我们能够看到厨房的窗户。故选B。

52．答案与解析：C'考查名词词义辨析。hello表示问候、接电话或唤起注意时的用语；gratitude感激；goodbye再见；thanks感谢。根据语境可知，里面的女人和我们挥手告别。故选C。

53．答案与解析：C'考查名词词义辨析。door门；flour面粉；flower花；wood树林。根据下文“She put her face in their petals(花瓣)．”可知，里面的女人径直走向鲜花。故选C。

54．答案与解析：A'考查名词词义辨析。smile微笑；tear眼泪；color颜色；change变化。老人喜欢孩子们送的花，她露出了微笑。故选A。

55．答案与解析：B'考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刹那，他们亲眼看到了自己拥有的使别人生活得更好的力量。help帮助；power力量；attitude态度；

youth青春。故选B。

第二节

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了在吉尔吉斯斯坦，在科技、工程、数学、建筑等领域工作的女性人数较少。

56．答案与解析：heavily'考查副词。空处修饰动词短语depends on，故应用副词修饰。

57．答案与解析：as'考查介词。由语境可知，空处表示“作为”，故填as。 58．答案与解析：graduates'考查名词复数。graduate意为“大学毕业生”，为可数名词，此处表示复数意义，故应用其复数形式。

59．答案与解析：who'考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为人，从句中缺少主语，故填who。

60．答案与解析：studying'考查非谓语动词。discourage sb. from doing sth.意为“打消某人做某事的念头”，是常用搭配。

61．答案与解析：to marry'考查非谓语动词。此处是expect sb. to do sth.的被动形式，故填to marry。

62．答案与解析：surprising'考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾补，应填形容词；结合语境可知，此处表示”令人吃惊的”，故填surprising。

63．答案与解析：has increased'考查时态和主谓一致。根据“in recent years”可知空处应用现在完成时。the number of...意为“……的数量”，作主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。

64．答案与解析：an'考查冠词。此处为不确指；又因early的发音是以元音音素开头，故填an。

65．答案与解析：are'考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知此处表示客观事实，故应用一般现在时；主语为“only about 30 percent of the world's researchers”，故填are。

第四部分第一节参考范文：

Notice

Dear students，

To make our school life wonderful and provide a good chance for English learners to communicate with each other easily, our school has been planning to start the English Corner. The opening ceremony will be held at 3 pm this Friday in front of the lab building. You can come to tell English stories, sing English songs and learn about culture. Some English teachers will also be present at the activity. If you are interested, please come and join us.

The Students' Union 第二节

参考范文：

“Here, Daddy. It's for you.” Jenny lifted her little hands up to her daddy. Although feeling a bit confused, the loving daddy waited patiently to see what his little girl intended to do. Slowly, Jenny opened her hands. There was her pearl necklace. With a tremble in her voice, Jenny said, “Well, the necklace is really my favorite, but I guess I love you more.”

Jenny's kind daddy reached out his hand and took the pearl necklace. He held it with extreme caution as if it had been the most valuable treasure in the world rather than something cheap bought in the grocery store. After admiring it for a while, Jenny's daddy carefully laid the necklace back into Jenny's hands and gave her a gentle kiss. Seeing the surprised look on Jenny's face, he explained gently, “Honey, I ask for your necklace just to see if you are willing to give it up for me. And I'm really touched by your sweet offer. I'm really proud of you. Daddy loves you！”

Unit3 Times change！

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.阅读理解

I realized I would not see a real person named Sophie at Sophie's Eatery, because like most new restaurants these days, Sophie's Eatery is a robot-restaurant.

When I walked in, a cute little manager robot appeared, looking rather like a toaster with blinking blue eyes. It escorted me to a nice table in the back. The menu monitor popped out of my table and showed me pictures of my dining choices. I tapped my choices and clicked OK, and the screen slid back down.

I watched as full plates rode the conveyor belts that moved along each aisle (过道) of tables. In just a few minutes, my dish stopped at my table, and I took it from the belt. Later, I placed my empty plate back on the conveyor belt, and it was taken away into the kitchen to be cleaned.

I watched the little toaster showing customers to tables while I ate my main dish. The food was delicious, but I was starting to feel extremely angry because dealing with

robots always makes me feel inhuman. Pretty soon, I wanted to talk to someone real, even if it was just a few sentences.

So when my dessert arrived, I took action. I dropped my plate on the floor with a satisfying crash. I was so happy when I saw the manager toaster's blinking red eyes — at last, a real live person would arrive!

But instead, a crew of two robots quickly appeared. A robot broom rushed over and started to sweep the pieces of the broken plate into a robot garbage can. They finished and moved back into the kitchen.

My plan to get a little reality into Sophie's Eatery failed. I hope the robot-restaurant trend ends soon. I want to deal with people again!

1．What does the underlined word “escorted” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Registered. B．Guided. C．Conducted. D．Rushed.

2．What is the purpose of the author crashing his plate? A．To deal with a real human. B．To catch attention from the robots. C．To play jokes on the robots. D．To complain about the bad service.

3．Which of the following best describes the author's feeling at Sophie's Eatery? A．Satisfied. B．Shocked. C．Annoyed. D．Curious. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The trend of dining with robots. B．The advantage of robot-restaurants. C．The food variety of a robot-restaurant.

D．The dining experience at a robot-restaurant. B

Ownership used to be about as straightforward as writing a cheque. If you bought something, you owned it. If it broke, you fixed it. If you no longer wanted it, you sold it or threw it away. In the digital age, however, ownership has become more slippery. Since the coming of smartphones, consumers have been forced to accept that they do not control the software in their devices; they are only licensed to use it. As a digital chain is wrapped ever more tightly around more devices, such as cars and thermostats, who owns and who controls these objects is becoming a problem. Buyers should be aware that some of their most basic property rights are under threat.

The trend is not always harmful. Manufacturers seeking to restrict what owners do with increasingly complex technology have good reasons to protect their copyright, and ensure that their machines do not break down, support environmental standards and prevent hacking. Sometimes companies use their control over a product's software for the owners' benefit. When Hurricane Irma hit Florida this month, Tesla remotely

updated the software controlling the batteries of some models to give owners more range to escape the storm.

But the more digital strings are attached to goods, the more the balance of control leans towards producers and away from owners. That can be inconvenient. Picking a car is hard enough, but harder still if you have to dig up the instructions that tell you how use is limited and what data you must give. If the products are intentionally designed not to last long, it can also be expensive. Already, items from smartphones to washing machines have become extremely hard to fix, meaning that they are thrown away instead of being repaired.

Privacy is also at risk. Users become terrified when iRobot, a robotic vacuum cleaner, not only cleans the floor but also creates a digital map of the inside of a home that can then be sold to advertisers (though the manufacturer says it has no intention of doing so). Cases like this should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data that is collected.

Ownership is not about to go away, but its meaning is changing. This requires careful inspection. Devices, by and large, are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want. To the extent they are controlled by somebody else, that_freedom is compromised.

5．What benefit does it bring to customers if companies control the ownership of products?

A．It provides them with knowledge to prevent hacking.

B．It gives them the chance to be protected from danger. C．It enables them to own the copyright of the products. D．It helps them know more about complex technology.

6．The underlined words“that freedom” in the last paragraph refer to the freedom to ________.

A．control other people

B．share the ownership C．inspect devices at any time D．use devices as one's wishes 7．The author may agree ________.

A．customers should buy fewer digital devices B．producers should control property rights C．property rights need to be protected D．better after-sales service is required

Ⅱ.完形填空

Brandon Ponzo's sitting on a lone barber chair. The fifth-grader is wrapped in a

dark red barber's cape (披肩). To his left, a cartoon plays on a small TV. He __1__ out of the corner of his eye, careful to keep his head __2__. To his right, two other boys sit on folding chairs, looking over books __3__ they wait their turn. Ponzo's barber — who also __4__ as his principal — gets to work.

Terrance Newton has turned a spare room at Warner Elementary School into his personal __5__. In the afternoons, he pulls a few boys from the final minutes of class and __6__ them to a fresh cut.

It's a small deed that shows his students that he not only cares about their __7__， but also wants them to be happy with themselves and how the world __8__ them. Newton has been cutting his students' hair for about 15 years. Using equipment __9__ by a friend who is a barber, he brought his __10__ to Warner in his first year as principal.

Cutting hair requires both skills and care. Newton __11__ tilts (使倾侧) Brandon's head from side to side, getting his hairline just __12__. The barbershop session is a unique time for Newton to interact with his students __13__ the classroom. The “barbershop talk” that fills the temporary space is a (n) __14__ for him and his students to relax, get to __15__ each other better and think about the future. The boys might not realize it, but every barbershop session is filled with mini-teaching moments. Newton asks them about school and what vocabulary

words they're being tested that week.

1．A.watches B．observes C．notices D．admires

2．A.smooth B．healthy C．pretty D．straight 3．A.before B．while C．though D．until 4．A.expands B．prepares C．doubles D．operates 5．A.studio B．classroom C．restroom D．barbershop 6．A.treats B．refers C．introduces D．exposes 7．A.appearance B．education C．future D．condition 8．A.understands B．accepts C．rewards D．sees 9．A.produced B．deserted C．donated D．repaired 10．A.students B．books C．customs D．skills 11．A.quickly B．carefully C．normally D．casually 12．A.long B．short C．right D．tight 13．A.outside B．between C．inside D．around 14．A.promise B．intention C．lesson D．chance 15．A.realize B．know C．recognize D．tolerate

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者在机器人餐厅的用餐体验，作者对这种改变

并不满意，而是渴望有真人服务的餐馆。由此可见，改变有时也是有利有弊的。

1．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I watched the little toaster showing customers to tables while I ate my main dish.”可知，机器人把顾客带到餐桌前。“It escorted me to a nice table in the back.”中的escort应与show意义相近，即escort意为“引导”。

2．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Pretty soon, I wanted to talk to someone real, even if it was just a few sentences.”可知作者想和一个真人说说话。第五段中作者采取行动，即把盘子掉在地板上，结合“at last, a real live person would arrive”以及下一段的转折可知，作者摔盘子的目的是想和一个真正的人打交道。

3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段中“I was starting to feel extremely angry”可知，作者对在这家餐厅吃饭感到非常生气。因此annoyed最能描述作者在机器人餐馆的就餐心情。

4．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了作者在一家机器人餐厅就餐的经历，故选D项。

【语篇解读】随着数字时代的到来，“所有权”的意义正在改变，但它不会消失。

5．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sometimes companies use their control over a product's software for the owners' benefit... to give owners more range to escape the storm.”可知，特斯拉的例子指出如果产品公司控制产品的所有权，该公司可以采取措施避免他们的顾客遭受危险。

6．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Devices, by and large，are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want. To the extent they are controlled by somebody else, that_freedom is compromised.”可推知，画线词组的意思是“按个人的希望使用设备的自由”。

7．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Cases like this should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data that is collected.”可知，作者可能同意保护产权。

Ⅱ.完形填空

【语篇解读】本篇文章主要讲述了校长Terrance Newton在学校为学生剪头发的故事。

1．答案与解析：A 由上文中的“a cartoon plays on a small TV”可知，此处指的是Ponzo理发时看电视。

2．答案与解析：D 由空前的“out of the corner of his eye”再结合常识可知，Ponzo这样做是为了坐姿端正，不歪头，便于理发师工作。

3．答案与解析：B 由语境可知，“looking over books”与“wait their turn”是同时发生的事情，故用while。

4．答案与解析：C 由空前的barber以及空后的principal可知，此处应用doubles。double as的意思是“兼任，兼作”。

5．答案与解析：D 此处表示Terrance Newton把Warner Elementary School的一个空房间变成了他的私人理发店，故选D。

6．答案与解析：A 校长给学生理发类似于给他们一个款待，因此用treats，意为“招待，款待”。

7．答案与解析：B 结合校长的身份可知，他不仅关心学生们的教育而且想让学生们对他们自己感到满意，故选B。

8．答案与解析：D 联系上文校长给学生剪发可知，此处应用sees，指别人如何看待他们。

9．答案与解析：C 由下文中的“who is a barber”可知，这些理发设备是由校长的一位理发师朋友捐的，故选C。

10．答案与解析：D 理发是一门技术，他把他的理发技术在当校长的第一年带到这所学校，故选D。下文中的“both skills and care”也是提示。

11．答案与解析：B 由上文中的“Cutting hair requires both skills and care”可知，此处应用carefully与之对应。

12．答案与解析：C 结合常识可知，发际线的位置得当时，发型才会看起来好看，故用right。

13．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，校长是利用课外时间为学生理发的，所以用outside。

14．答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，此处表示理发时的交谈是他和他的学生们放松、彼此更好地了解以及思考未来的机会。故选D。

15．答案与解析：B 参见上题解析。故选B。

Section Ⅱ Using language

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Like people from most countries, the people of the British Isles speak kinds of dialects. A dialect is a different version (版本) of a main language. It has different words and has something to do with the culture of the place in which it is spoken. It is usually spoken with a certain accent. Although it may be different, however, a dialect is usually not so different that an outsider can't understand what is being said.

Speakers of dialects in Britain are often proud of them. For this reason, when you visit an area with a dialect, particularly when it is a place visited by tourists, gift stores

will sell books about the local words.

The dialects of Northern Ireland have a great many words that other Britons have never heard of. The nearly poetic words of the Cockneys are famous throughout the world because they can be so clever and humorous. Here is a piece of rhyming slang: A “whistle and flute” is Cockney slang for a “suit”．

It is true that there are fewer dialects in Britain today than there were a hundred years ago, and far fewer than there were 200 years ago. The reason is quite clear: The modern world and its opportunities (机会) for communication have made the differences between people much smaller. When people speak and listen to more people from a much larger area than their mothers and fathers did, the differences in the ways they speak get smaller.

This means that there are now far fewer problems of understanding each other when British people from the Outer Hebrides of Scotland speak with people from Cornwall in the southwest of the country. Also, English speakers from all over the world can generally understand each other. Of course, if dialects had not become less important, it would have been much more difficult for English as a second language to be such a big success all over the world!

1．How do people in Britain usually feel about their dialects?

A．They consider them useless. B．They often ignore them. C．They are ashamed of them. D．They take pride in them.

2．How are dialects in Britain changing according to the text? A．The number of dialects is getting smaller. B．There won't be any dialects in the near future.

C．There are fewer dialects in Northern Ireland than there are in other parts. D．There were more dialects 100 years ago than there were 200 years ago. 3．What is the result of the change in dialects spoken in Britain? A．It has caused people more problems in understanding each other. B．It has made the British culture much less attractive.

C．It has played its part in helping English become a world language. D．It has created more opportunities for communication. 4．Which of the following is the best title of the text? A．Dialect speakers in Britain B．Dialects in Britain

C．The influence of British dialects D．The future of British dialects

A 2017 Gallup poll reported that 43% of employed Americans had spent at least

some time working remotely, and the US Census data released in 2018 reported 5.2% of US workers being based entirely at home.

Even as working from home (WFH) becomes relatively commonplace, a new form of remote work is emerging:_working from anywhere (WFA), in which employees can live and work where they choose, typically within a specific country, but in some cases, anywhere in the world with a reliable Internet connection. While many companies are just starting to consider allowing employees to work from anywhere, developed WFA programs can be found at firms such as Akamai Technologies Inc. and SAP SE.

Employees value the option to work remotely. A 2017 study even found that the average worker was willing to accept 8% less pay for the option to work from home. And with a work-from-anywhere policy, employers add even more value to employees

by granting geographic flexibility. There is the significant difference: while a WFH employee can choose to pick the kids up from school or spend the lunch hour walking the dog, a WFA employee can do all of those and also relocate closer to aging parents or to a location with a lower cost of living.

In our experience, however, managers often worry about remote employees working less, multitasking, or mixing personal responsibilities with work. There are also concerns that allowing employees to work from anywhere could decrease communication and collaboration (合作) among co-workers and might limit the

informal learning that typically happens in the office.

But one 2015 study by a Chinese travel agency found that when call center employees were shifted to working from home, their productivity increased by an average of 13%, apparently due to a reduction in break time and sick days combined with a more comfortable working environment. This finding raises the question: Could employees in a work-from-anywhere program also benefit from similar productivity

increases?

5．What does the underlined word “emerging” in the second paragraph mean?

A．Coming into existence. B．Getting more popular. C．Coming to an end.

D．Drawing attention.

6. Which is the advantage that WFA has over WFH? A．Picking the kids up from school. B．Relocating closer to aging parents. C．Spending the lunch hour walking the dog. D．Working more effectively.

7．What did the 2015 study by a Chinese travel agency find about WFH? A．It is more relaxing. B．It is more flexible.

C．It is more productive. D．It is more stressful.

8．What is the best title of the passage?

A．What's the difference between WFA and WFH? B．Which do you prefer, WFA or WFH?

C．Is it time to let employees work from anywhere? D．Who are suitable for WFA and WFH?

Ⅱ.七选五

I work at a community library. Many people are under the assumption that public libraries are no longer needed because of the Internet, but nothing could be further from the truth. __1__ A simple Internet search for “cats” produces approximately 2.98 billion results in less than one second. It is a huge number! How do you even begin to sort through all of those results? We hear so much about “false news”. __2__ Librarians are there to help. They have been trained, through special classes and workshops, to sort through all of the results and find credible sources. Author Neil Gaiman said, “Google can bring you back 100, 000 answers. A librarian can bring you back the right one.”

__3__ It helps connect people with the resources they need to find a job, continue their education, and learn new skills. It helps seniors find the resources they need to keep up with the “modern” world. It helps new parents develop a love of literacy in their children and bond with them. It helps local artists and craftsmen display their work. It helps students find the answers to those seemingly impossible homework questions. It allows people to meet and exchange ideas.

Libraries are so much more than books and information. Yes, there are public computers, Internet access, movies, music, programs and a thousand other things. __4__ They are places where people feel safe and welcomed. They are places where someone who has limited resources can freely access materials and equipment they wouldn't otherwise be able to. They can, at times, be a harbor for someone who needs a quiet place to work or study.

Some of the best memories of my childhood involve going to the local library and speaking with many others in the neighborhood, and they have those same memories too. They are presently making those same memories with their children and their grandchildren. __5__ I don't see the Internet doing that. A．We don't know what sources to trust.

B．The public library helps people improve their lives. C．The importance of library staff comes to the surface.

D．However, libraries' meaning and relevance go even beyond that. E．The public library brings people together to build a strong community. F．In fact, it is because of the Internet that public libraries are needed now more than ever.

G．Every day children, students and adults use libraries to learn, grow and achieve their dreams.

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了英国的方言问题，今天的英国方言比之前少了很多，原因在于现代世界及其交流机会使得人与人之间的差异变小了。

1．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Speakers of dialects in Britain are often proud of them”可知，英国人常常以说方言为荣，故选D。 2．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“It is true that there are fewer dialects in Britain today than there were a hundred years ago, and far fewer than there were 200 years ago”可知，方言的数量变得越来越少。故选A。

3．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Of course, if dialects had not become less important, it would have been much more difficult for English as a second language to be such a big success all over the world！”可知，英国方言的变化在帮助英语成为世界性语言方面发挥了作用。故选C。

4．答案与解析：B 考查主旨大意。结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国的方言，讲述了其变化和变化的原因。故选B。

【语篇解读】文章谈论了一种新的工作方式WFA，即在任何地方工作，并探讨了这种工作方式的优点。

5．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。由画线词前的“Even as working from home (WFH) becomes relatively commonplace, a new form of remote work”可知，此处表示一种新的远程工作方式出现了，故A项符合题意。

6．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“a WFA employee can do all of those and also relocate closer to aging parents or to a location with a lower cost of living.”可知，WFA这种新的工作方式拥有WFH这种工作方式的所有优点，并且采用WFA这种工作方式的员工可以搬到离父母更近的地方，或者搬到生活成本更低的地方，故B项正确。

7．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“But one 2015 study by a Chinese travel agency found that when call center employees were shifted to working from home, their productivity increased by an average of 13%”可知，WFH这种工作方式效率更高。

8．答案与解析：C 考查主旨大意。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“Could

employees in a work-from-anywhere program also benefit from similar productivity

increases？”可知，C项“是时候让雇员在任何地方工作了吗？”最适合作本文的标题。

Ⅱ.七选五

【语篇解读】作者通过自己的经历来说明公共图书馆不可取代。 1．答案与解析：F 根据上文“but nothing could be further from the truth”可知作者不同意上面的观点，继而表明自己的观点，故选F项。

2．答案与解析：A 根据上文“We hear so much about ‘false news’．”和下文“Librarians are there to help.”可知，我们在网络上会获得很多信息，但是我们不知道什么样的信息是准确的，这时我们可以到公共图书馆去，那里的信息很可信。

3．答案与解析：B 根据下文“It helps connect people with the resources they need to find a job, continue their education, and learn new skills.”可知，这一段是表明公共图书馆对人们生活的积极影响，即帮助改善人们的生活，而且设空处放在段首，起中心句的作用。故选B。

4．答案与解析：D 根据本段第一句话(中心句)可知，本段的大意是公共图书馆不仅仅有书本和信息。结合上文“Yes, there are public computers, Internet access, movies, music, programs and a thousand other things.”和下文“They are places where people feel safe and welcomed.”可知上文讲的是有形的方面，下文讲无形的方面，中间缺少一个过渡，表明公共图书馆不仅仅是有形的，所以D项符合语境。

5．答案与解析：E 根据上文可知，公共图书馆连接了人与人之间的关系，所以E项符合语境。

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection

阅读理解

Surrounded by the sea off the coast in Mid-Norway, there is an island called

Myken. This small island has about ten permanent residents, and for more than 50 years has been supplied with electricity via a 32-kilometre undersea cable (电缆). A break that

appeared in the cable last autumn resulted in two months without power, so the island community started looking into a better way of sourcing their electricity.

“Myken is far out at sea, so as far as possible it should be taking care of things itself，” says Trude Tokle, who is the project manager of Myken's energy project. “This is why we want Myken to become entirely self-sufficient in energy. It is also important

to take the environment into consideration，” she says.

Many point to the idea that the solution may lie in a hydrogen (氢) plant, specifically tailored for small islands. The “raw materials” for hydrogen production come from nature itself in the form of the sun and wind, Researchers have calculated that energy costs will be lower by using hydrogen production than the undersea cable option. And it is possible to store energy in the form of hydrogen for longer periods. This means that supplies will not have to rely on a lot of expensive batteries or external energy sources, even during periods when the sun isn't shining, or the wind isn't blowing.

The Myken project has attracted several technology companies. They are currently working on a pilot project. The project involves experiments on the feasibility (可行性) of the hydrogen system in which electricity is generated from solar and wind sources. The electricity can be used immediately, but during periods when all the energy generated is not required, the spare energy can be used to split seawater into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen can be stored in a tank, and used later to generate electricity. The pilot project will help researchers know more about how effectively the system will work in the hydrogen plant. Since the island has a distillery (酿酒厂), where the distillation (蒸馏) process relies on energy, a hydrogen plant on Myken offers an even greater environmental benefit. Spare heat from the hydrogen system can also be used for the heating part in the distillation process.

“In Norway alone there are about 300 islands inhabited all year round by small populations，” says Kyrre Sundseth, a hydrogen researcher in Norway. “All of these islands may be candidates for using this technology. In global terms we're talking about 10, 000 similar islands.”

1．Why is a hydrogen plant suitable for Myken?

A．It is perfect in size for small islands. B．It can send electricity to faraway places. C．It will restore local natural environment. D．It provides green and sustainable energy. 2．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4? A．The study on the energy storage. B．The test on the hydrogen system. C．The experiment on the raw materials.

D．The research on the innovation of the pilot project. 3．According to the passage, a hydrogen plant will ________. A．produce purified seawater B．prove more effective work C．contribute in more than one way D．benefit from the distillation process

4．What does Kyrre Sundseth think of the project? A．Promising. B．Systematic. C．Irreplaceable. D．Time saving.

Have you heard about Post Office Cats in Britain? They are mouse hunters. The post office has actually employed cats since 1868. They are not employed to sort or deliver mail, of course, but to protect the mail and keep the population of mice under control. They make sure your morning post arrives free from damage caused by rats and mice.

London post offices were the first to try out the experiment. Within a few months the population of mice had shrunk sharply. Other post offices all over the country were soon using cats in the war against rats and mice as well. Within ten years the pay of the cats was improved from one and a half old pence a day to six or nine pence a day. Now the average rate of pay is about a few pounds a month.

Some of the hard-working cats have become quite famous. In 1980, a cat named

Lucky stopped an attempted robbery in a Worcestershire post office on her own. As the two burglars made their way in through the window, Lucky started an attack and they fled empty-handed. Another excellent cat was Jerry of the Earls Court post office in

London. He served the building for 16 years and was on duty for 24 hours every day. He drove all the mice away.

However, there are fewer cats employed by the post office than at any time in the past. With the faster movement of the mail and better surroundings, post office cats are not always needed. But many post offices still employ them and they become great friends with the postmen. According to the post office, there is no plan for their services to be discontinued in the foreseeable future.

5．Cats were introduced to British post offices to ________.

A．help sort and deliver mail and papers B．guard the building against thieves C．keep mail and papers undamaged D．search for certain dangers in mail

6．The underlined word “shrunk” in the second paragraph probably means “________”．

A．decreased B．increased C．narrowed D．expanded

7．The cat named Lucky became famous because ________. A．she served the post office for 16 years around the clock B．she alone drove two burglars away from the post office C．she protected mail from being bitten by mice D．she was employed to sort and deliver mail

8．We may learn from the last paragraph that ________.

A．the duty of the cats has been replaced by machines B．all the post offices are now completely mice free C．cats are now considered of little use in post offices

D．cats will still be seen in service for quite a long time

There is an old saying that America and Britain are two nations divided by a common language. No one knows exactly who said this, but it reflects the way many Britons feel about American English. But are American and British English really so different?

Vocabulary

The most obvious difference between American and British English is vocabulary. There are hundreds of everyday words that are different. For example, Americans go on vacation while Britons go on holiday; New Yorkers live in apartments while Londoners live in flats. There are far more examples than we can talk about here. Fortunately, most Americans and Britons can usually guess the meaning through the context of a sentence.

Past Tense

You'll also find some differences in past forms of irregular verbs. The past tense of “learn” in American English is “learned”， while British English has the option of “learned” or “learnt”. The same rule applies to “dreamed” and “dreamt”， “burned” and “burnt”， and “leaned” and “leant”. Americans tend to use the “ed” ending; Britons tend to use the “t” ending.

Spelling

There are hundreds of slight spelling differences between British and American English. Noah Webster, an American author, politician and teacher, made an effort to reform the English spelling in the late 1700s.

Webster wanted to spell words the way they sounded. You can see Webster's legacy (遗产) in the American spelling of words like color (from colour), honor (from honour), and labor (from labour)．

British and American English have far more similarities than differences. With the exception of some regional dialects, most Britons and Americans can understand each other without too much difficulty. They watch each other's TV shows, sing each other's songs and read each other's books. They even make fun of each other's accents.

9．Which of the following is a group of American words?

A．Vacation; holiday. B．Apartment; flat. C．Vacation; apartment. D．Holiday; flat.

10．The underlined word “option” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ________. A．choice B．change C．structure D．use

11．What do we know about British and American English from the last paragraph?

A．They both have some strange words. B．They are affecting people using them. C．They connect people of the two countries.

D．Their differences have little effect on communication. 12．What can be the best title for the text?

A．Ways to tell British English from American English B．Differences between British and American English C．Development of British and American English

D．Difficulty for Britons and Americans in understanding each other

答案及解析

阅读理解

【语篇解读】挪威一个叫Myken的地方利用自身地理条件建立氢气发电站，实现了自给自足的环保发电。

1．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段以及第三段中The“‘raw materials’ for hydrogen production come from nature itself in the form of the sun and wind... undersea cable option.可知，Myken地理位置特殊，接电缆耗资大，而且没有完全的保障，氢气发电站环保又耗资小。

2．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。根据第四段前两句可知Myken的方案吸引了好几家科技公司，他们目前在进行试行项目。也就是说，方案现在处于试验性阶段。

3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，氢气发电站除了发电还可以有其他用处，由此推断，氢气发电站在许多方面都做出了贡献。故选C项。

4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，单单挪威就有大约300个岛长年只有少部分人居住，这些岛也许是适合使用这一技术的。从全球来看，大约有10,000个类似的岛。他的字里行间都表达了这一技术有很大的市场，即他认为这一方案有前途，有前景。

【语篇解读】本文介绍了英国的邮局先前使用猫防止邮件被老鼠毁坏，现在邮局里几乎没有老鼠了，但邮局还会继续使用猫。

5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They are not employed to sort or deliver mail, of course, but to protect the mail and keep the population of mice under control.”可知，英国邮局引进猫是为了防止邮件被老鼠破坏。

6．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“but to protect the mail and keep the population of mice under control.”可知几个月后老鼠的数量减少了，故可知

shrunk的同义词为decreased。

7．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段首句和后文叙述可知那只叫Lucky的猫是因为赶走了两个窃贼而出名的。

8．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的连词But引出的内容可知，邮局未来还没有计划停止这种服务，也就是说邮局会在很长时间内使用猫。

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要从词汇、动词过去式和单词拼写这三个方面介绍了英式英语和美式英语的不同之处。尽管两者有所差异，但这并不影响两国人的交流。

9．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“For example, Americans go on vacation while Britons go on holiday; New Yorkers live in apartments while Londoners live in flats”可知，vacation和apartment都是美国人用的词汇。故选C。

10．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。根据画线词后面的“‘learned’ or‘learnt’”可知，learn的过去式英国人可以写成learned也可以写成learnt，即他们可以在这两种写法中任选其一，故推测画线词的意思是“选择”。故选A。

11．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段中的“British and American English have far more similarities than differences. With the exception of some regional dialects, most Britons and Americans can understand each other without too much difficulty”可知，英式英语和美式英语的相似之处远多于不同之处，除了一些方言外，英国人和美国人之间的交流是没有太大问题的。故选D。

12．答案与解析：B 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要从词汇、动词过去式和单词拼写这三个方面介绍了英式英语和美式英语的不同之处。故选B。

单元测试卷

选择题部分

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

1．What's Mr.Liu's telephone number? A．7845632. B．7845362. C．7485362. 2．How many people share the room now?

A．6. B．2. C．4.

3．Why does the woman want to change her watch for another one? A．Because she doesn't like this type of watch. B．Because the watch doesn't work well. C．Because the watch doesn't look good. 4．What's the man doing? A．Watching TV. B．Talking on the phone. C．Turning down the TV.

5．What can we know from the conversation? A．Peter had to stay home for five hours with the work. B．There was something wrong with Peter's telephone. C．The work took Peter over an hour to finish. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What do you think the woman is? A．A member of a political club. B．A camerawoman. C．A waitress.

7．What is the woman going to do? A．Watch TV news. B．Take some photos. C．Take part in a meeting.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What relation is Susan to Tom? A．His wife. B．His sister. C．His college classmate.

9．Why did Susan leave her position? A．She didn't like her job.

B．She couldn't bear her boss's rudeness. C．She likes changes and mobility in her job. 10．What does Tom think about his job?

A．He's thinking whether he should change his job now.

B．It is quite challenging and he likes it very much. C．It is very boring and hard. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．Where are probably the two speakers? A．In the classroom. B．In the library. C．In the book shop.

12．How many books can a student borrow at a time? A．Three. B．Five. C．Two.

13．Why didn't the librarian allow the boy to take the books out? A．Because they were new books. B．Because his card went out of use.

C．Because he had got enough number of books. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．What are they going to do tonight? A．To go to a party. B．To see a film. C．To visit some friends.

15．Why do they look at the newspaper? A．To know the recent local news. B．To know what will be on TV tonight. C．To find out when the film will start. 16．When is the movie going to start? A．At 8∶00. B．At 9∶00. C．At 8∶30.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What has happened to the old man Santiago? A．For eighty four days he has caught no fish. B．He is too old to go to the sea to catch fish. C．The boy Manolin wouldn't help him. 18．What can we know about Manolin? A．He has to go to school every day. B．His family forbids him from going fishing. C．He has to go fishing with another boat. 19．What does Manolin think of Santiago? A．Too old to go fishing. B．The best fisherman. C．Very lucky.

20．Who taught Manolin how to fish?

A．Himself. B．Santiago. C．His parents.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

I read an amazing book over 15 years ago that changed my life. It was called “Eat That Frog! 21 Great Ways to Stop Procrastinating and Get More Done in Less Time”， written by Brian Tracy, a legend in the field of personal development. What he means is that you should start your working day by focusing on doing the hardest task of the day first, if you want to be successful.

I've worked on this very thing for years. Every morning, seven days a week, my alarm goes off at 3：59 a. m. I get up and get to work. Most days, it's writing 1,500 words for my newsletters (简讯) or next book. Accountability (负责) is one of the important habits in my life, and I can never abandon it. Having goals is good. Having a 90-day deadline is great.

When I work with clients, we don't stop at setting three process goals for 90 days. We dig deeper and go to the next level. I demand they come up with one big action step to take in the next 24 hours that will move them ahead to their 90-day goal. What is the

most important action you can take in the next 24 hours to move you ahead in life and help you accomplish your 90-day goal? So ask yourself this: What big action step can

you take to get results and move ahead in the next 72 hours? The next seven days? Two weeks? A month?

A deadline can have the biggest initial impact on your success. But it's accountability that keeps it going. After all, you can have all the greatest advice in the world, but if you don't have accountability, you'll fall off the truck. For years, I have benefited from the wisdom. Accountability is important and I can never, ever abandon it.

21．What did the author benefit from?

A．Writing newsletters.

B．A book about people's development. C．Setting his alarm. D．Having a 90-day deadline.

22．What's the author's job according to the second paragraph? A．A writer. B．A professor. C．A teacher. D．A businessman.

23．What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．If you work with others, a deadline plays an important part. B．If you want to be wise, you should abandon your deadline.

C．If you intend to success, you should stick to accountability.

D．If you meet with great difficulty, you should change your plans.

If native speakers of English are not to become international corporate pariahs (被社会遗弃者), they will need to learn how to speak global English — in other words, to communicate with non-native speakers.

Displeasure at the complexity of native speakers' English is widespread in international business. During a study carried out at Kone Elevators of Finland, one Finnish manager complained, “The British are the worst... It is much more difficult to understand their English than that of other nationalities. When we non-native speakers

of English talk, it is much easier to understand. We have the same limited vocabulary.”

How can native speakers of English make themselves easier to understand and more likeable? The most obvious way is to learn someone else's language. The great benefit of learning other languages is that you have some idea of what non-native

speakers are up against. However, the news that fewer than half of English schoolchildren are learning a foreign language suggests that this is not going to be a profitable route for many.

So what should native English speakers do to make themselves better understood? First, slow down, but not to the point where members of your audience think you are supporting them. Second, avoid idiomatic and metaphorical (比喻性的) expressions: that's the way the cookie crumbles, people who live in glass houses should not throw stones, and the like.

Jokes are a difficult area. You will not forget the silence that follows one that is found puzzling. On the other hand, when jokes work, they can be a huge success with a non-native speaking audience. If you have learnt other languages, you will know that very few achievements are as satisfying as understanding your first foreign joke. Try a few out with your non-native speaking audience; you will soon learn which ones are

worth repeating.

It is often unnecessary to avoid long words such as “association” and “nationality”， which are common to the Romance languages and will be widely understood in Europe and Latin America.

Listen to verbal responses for signs of whether you have been understood or not. Make sure your non-native speaking colleagues have the chance to talk; they will often

be rephrasing your words in an attempt to satisfy themselves that they have grasped (理解) what you said.

Always remember that the greatest friend of the non-native speakers is repetition.

Find more than one way of getting your point across and summarize frequently.

24．The example of one Finnish manager in the second paragraph means that ________.

A．speakers of other languages are friendlier than English speakers

B．it's difficult to completely understand native English C．English has the same limited vocabulary as other languages D．English is the most difficult to speak among all the languages

25．The following are the best ways for native speakers of English to make themselves more comprehensible EXCEPT ________.

A．decreasing the vocabulary of English

B．slowing down the speed of speaking English properly C．avoiding using metaphorical expressions D．trying to tell some jokes

26．Why does a non-native speaker rephrase your words? A．They want to keep them in mind. B．They don't understand them. C．They wish to draw more attention. D．They want to express they have understood. 27．What does this passage mainly show us? A．The complexity of English.

B．How native speakers of English learn English. C．How native speakers of English improve themselves.

D．English is getting more and more important.

Since 1964, colleges and universities in the U. S. have used Test of English as a Foreign Language, or TOEFL, to measure an international applicant's level of English. Universities in English-speaking European countries began using the International

English Language Testing System, or IELTS, in 1989. These two tests have been the main choices for English ability testing in higher education admissions for international students until now.

In recent years, several companies have developed new English language tests that are low-cost and easy to use. And they aim to do more than just offer greater choice in

the admissions process.

Founded in 2012, Duolingo creates software that teaches users many different languages, including English. In 2014, the company launched its own test of English language ability.

Jennifer Dewar works with Duolingo, helping to develop the test. She formerly worked as an admissions official at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. The school is one of hundreds of colleges, universities and other organizations in and outside the U. S. that now accept the test results for international admissions into their study programs.

Dewar says Duolingo created the test to lower the barriers to higher education for people worldwide, especially those in developing countries.

TOEFL and the IELTS cost about $ 300. They are given in a limited number of

centers around the world. Some test-takers have to travel to take the tests, adding to the

costs. Duolingo offers its test entirely over the Internet for $ 49. All test-takers need is

access to a computer with a microphone, listening device and self-facing camera.

TOEFL, the IELTS and Duolingo measure a person's English reading, listening, speaking and writing abilities. But it takes about 45 minutes to complete a Duolingo test, compared to three or four hours for TOEFL or the IELTS. It is possible because Duolingo uses artificial intelligence (人工智能) to test test-takers' abilities, using fewer

questions to measure their skills.

28．Why were TOEFL and the IELTS set up?

A．To make people understand English-speaking countries. B．To help teachers to teach in colleges and universities in Europe. C．To test an international applicant's level of English. D．To help international applicants to improve their English.

29．When did Duolingo begin to use its own test of English language ability? A．In 1964. B．In 1989. C．In 2012. D．In 2014.

30．Compared to TOEFL and the IELTS, Duolingo is ________. A．widely used in English tests B．a less difficult test C．affordable and convenient D．a face-to-face test

31．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce Duolingo.

B．To instruct us how to pass English tests. C．To introduce overseas studying. D．To promote English teaching.

Store Scent (香味)

What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop? The products displayed (展示) at the entrance? Or the soft background music?

But have you ever noticed the smell? Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. But while a shop's scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is proving to be an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.

A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers' intention to purchase increased by 80 percent.

When it comes to the best shopping streets in Paris, scent is just as important to a brand's success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sale. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.

Some years ago, the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants' disproving attitude and don't-touch-what-you-can't-afford displays. Now

the rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider

audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar

stores (实体店) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this. Now, a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft

scent of baby powder floats through the kid department, and coconut (椰子) scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the store's windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.

32．According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand stores?

A．Friendly assistants.

B．Unique scents. C．Soft background music. D．Attractive window display.

33．E-shops are mentioned in the passage to ________. A．show the advantages of bricks-and-mortar stores B．urge shop assistants to change their attitude C．push stores to use sights and sounds D．introduce the rise of e-commerce

34．The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means ________. A．a platform that exhibits goods B．a spot where travelers like to stay C．a place where customers love to go D．a target that a store expects to meet

35．The main purpose of the passage is to ________. A．compare and evaluate B．examine and assess C．argue and discuss D．inform and explain

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Become an Activist

Activists are people who see the need for change and devote their time to doing something about it. __36__ If you are interested in it, you can do so. __37__ This could be anything from a student club to a national organization (like the American Civil Liberties Union or the National Organizers Alliance). Most activist organizations offer different levels of involvement, so you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether that means attending meetings and demonstrations or just donating a little money when you can.

Volunteer your time. One of the best ways to make a difference is to volunteer your time. Reach out to organizations in your community that do work for your cause, and ask how you can help.

Donate money or supplies. __38__ If you can't afford to donate money to an organization that supports your cause, you may be able to donate other things they need, like clothing or canned food.

Reach out to your family and friends. Tell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have learned. __39__ Promote your cause on social media. You can use social media to help keep your friends and followers informed about the cause you support. __40__ Also, you can invite your friends to attend events or donate money to fundraisers for your cause.

A．Take classes on issues related to your cause.

B．Join an organization that supports your cause.

C．They are driven by passion and a vision for a better future. D．If you do volunteer work, invite them to volunteer with you. E．Most activists or charities need resources to do their work.

F．Post useful articles and write about what you are doing to stay involved. G．If you can't reach out to them in person, then try contacting them online. 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

New Distractions

Madeline's family vacation to the beach was usually the highlight of her summer. This year however, her parents announced a new __41__ — no phones allowed for the entire week. “No distractions，” they said. “But my friends will be __42__ updates，” Madeline protested. “They'll have to wait，” her mom said. “What if something bad happens？” Madeline changed her __43__. Her mom shook her head as she opened a drawer. Madeline saw that her parents' phones were already in it. Madeline had to __44__ her phone in, too. That night after dinner, Madeline wandered into the kitchen. “Still hungry？” Dad

asked. “No，” she answered. Then she gave him a __45__ look and said in her sweetest voice, “Couldn't I have my phone back? Just so I can tell everyone what a (n) __46__ time I'm having？” “Can't，” he said. “It's not here. Remember? Check out the bookcase in the living room，” he suggested. “Might find something you like.” She walked into the living room and spotted a jigsaw puzzle (拼图玩具) on the bookcase. She took it, put the pieces on the table, and began to __47__ them. After what seemed like minutes, she looked up. It was past ten o'clock. She had been __48__ for almost two hours! The puzzle was less than half done.

The next morning, the golden sun was rising over the blue ocean. The sky was cloudless. The scene __49__ Madeline of a photo that Brandi had shared. Her friends had the ooh's and ah's over it. This view was even better. It would leave everyone speechless. Madeline's hand __50__ to the bedside table, but there was nothing there. That evening, Madeline lost herself in the jigsaw puzzle again. She felt a little excited every time the shapes __51__. Soon, all that were left were a few gaps. She quickly put the remaining pieces into place. The puzzle was __52__. She stepped back to __53__ the finished puzzle. The picture showed an old painting of several farmhands working in a brown field and there was a giant rainbow arching across the sky.

Madeline enjoyed the puzzle for a few minutes, trying to __54__ the image in her mind. Then, she quietly started taking it __55__. That, she thought, was just for me. 41．A.rule B．reform C．date D．discovery

42．A.providing B．expecting C．considering D．selecting 43．A.behaviour B．strategy C．mind D．gesture 44．A.bring B．hide C．push D．drop 45．A.curious B．serious C．strange D．loving 46．A.limited B．amazing C．boring D．ordinary 47．A.collect B．sort C．mix D．examine 48．A.reading B．thinking C．working D．watching 49．A.warned B．reminded C．convinced D．persuaded 50．A.rolled B．pointed C．shot D．rose 51．A.moved B．changed C．met D．gathered 52．A.clear B．separate C．complex D．complete 53．A.recognize B．resolve C．appreciate D．describe 54．A.preserve B．present C．create D．improve 55．A.away B．down C．over D．apart

非选择题部分

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

If you enjoy canoeing (皮划艇运动), you can paddle for free in Denmark, Ireland, Germany, Sweden and Norway, but you also have to be willing to pick up trash.

56.________ (organize) by Greenkayak, free trips in the group's two-person

kayaks (皮艇) are offered in return for collecting waste from water surface. The project began in Denmark in April, 2017. With the help of a thousand kayak 57.________ (voluntary), three tons of trash 58.________ (collect) from Copenhagen harbor that year. You can easily book a kayak for the time being 59.________ works for you. Life jackets and equipment — like a paddle, a waste picker, a bucket for the trash — 60.________ (provide): just bring yourself. You can have two hours of free kayak time.

Greenkayak believes that kayaks are highly effective at collecting waste because they can get close to areas that are hard 61.________ (reach)．

“In Denmark, people love to hang out on canals, but 62.________ (fortunate) they see waste 63.________ (float) by，” one of Greenkayak's cofounders speaks of the program's origin. “You can't take your shirt off and jump in. However, you can get in on the Greenkayak and make 64.________ difference.”

If you want to take advantage 65.________ the free kayak, tour a city from its river and do your part to control water pollution.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节应用文写作(满分15分)

假定你是高三学生李华，你毕业后打算到美国某所大学深造。请给该校的招生负责人Mr. Philipp写一封电子邮件，询问有关情况。内容包括：

1.报名条件； 2.费用问题。注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Many schools do not pay the right amount of attention to health education as it is often considered as an unimportant subject. And many parents are interested in the basic education of their teenagers — reading, writing and mathematics — but are not interested in the teaching of health. This is not right. Health education provides an introduction to the human body and to factors that improve or damage health. Knowing the knowledge about health can help students become healthy and live happily.

Health education does not only concentrate on being physically healthy. It also focuses on emotional health. Educating students on the importance of health builds their motivation (动力). As a result, they will try their best to keep in good health, prevent illness and avoid risky behavior. Letting students know the importance of good health in schools helps students make healthy life choices when they grow older and continue doing so throughout their lives. It helps them understand the danger of using drugs, smoking and drinking alcohol. It helps prevent various injuries and diseases.

Students these days are highly stressed. Being stressed to get better grades, to look good, to belong to the right groups and to dress right can all make for a stressful life. Once they complete their education, work stress can make the problem become worse. Family life can also add a large amount of stress to students' lives. Health education also concentrates on stress and helps students learn to handle pressure so that they can create a healthy and positive state of mind.

As teenagers, they may also not know how to manage their time. This prevents them from putting 100% of themselves into their tasks. For example, school tasks require strict time management, and students who are unable to manage time fall behind. Thus, health education is a necessary part of the education process. It can teach students to manage their time well in order to be more productive.

答案及解析

第一部分

答案：

1—5 ACBBB 6—10 ACCBB 11—15 BBABC 16—20 AACBB 听力材料： Text 1

M：I can't remember Mr.Liu's telephone number. Is it 7845362?

W：Let me see... Oh, it seems to be 7485362... Oh, no, I remember, it's 7845632.

Text 2

W：Do you live in the school?

M：Yes, I do. It's a six-bedded room, but at the moment only four of us live there.

Text 3

W：Would you like to look at this watch for me, please? M：Yes, of course.

W：It doesn't keep good time, I'd like to change it for another one. Text 4

M：Would you mind turning down the TV a bit? I'm answering the phone. W：Not at all. Text 5

W：Hi, Peter. What happened yesterday? You promised to meet me at 5, but you never came. I waited for you for over an hour!

M：Oh, I'm sorry. I couldn't because my parents told me that I had to stay home over my homework.

W：Why didn't you phone me about it, then?

M：Our telephone wasn't working. Text 6

M：Are you ready yet?

W：I'll be ready in a couple of minutes. M：We have to be at the hotel in fifteen minutes. W：Do I have to make a speech tonight? M：Just a short one, after dinner.

W：What about television? Will they have cameras there?

M：I certainly hope so. I'd like to see you on every news program in town tonight. W：I'll be glad when the election is over. I'd like to have a good night's sleep more than anything else now. I'll have to shake hands with so many people.

Text 7

M：Hi, Susan. Haven't seen you for ages. How are you getting along with your work?

W：Hi, Tom. Not so well as expected. You see, I have left my position. And I am right now looking for a job.

M：Why was that? You were excellent at college. And I believe you are quite qualified for your job.

W：I just couldn't bear the rudeness of my boss any longer.

M：Well, what are you going to do then?

W：I've got no idea. Anyway, I have to think about it seriously. What about you, Tom?

M：I've been very successful as a sales manager in my company. And I like this

kind of work. It's so challenging.

W：I'm so glad to hear that. Text 8

M：Excuse me, I'd like to borrow three books. Here is my card.

W：You've got two books on your card already.

M：Yes, the rules say one can borrow five books at a time. Is that right?

W：You got the three books from the shelf for new books. All newly arrived books must be placed there on show for two weeks before they can be borrowed.

M：Sorry, I didn't know.

W：It doesn't matter. Text 9

M：Girls, what would you like to do tonight? W：Do you ever go to the movies?

M：Of course. I go to the movies almost once a month. W：Well, let's go to the movies.

M：There's a good movie near here: Summer in Maine. W：Fine. I heard it's a very good film. M：Let's find out what time it starts.

W：Let's look at the newspaper. Movie programs are usually on Page Nine. M：Here it is. Summer in Maine starts at 8 o'clock. Text 10 For eighty-four days, an old Cuban fisherman named Santiago has had no luck.

For eighty-four days, he has prepared his bait, lines and boat and headed out to the big

blue ocean, only to return tired and empty-handed. Everything about him is old except

his eyes, cheerful and undefeated, they are the same color as the sea.

While Santiago is preparing for his eighty-fifth try, a young boy named Manolin

brings him some food and helps him prepare his tools. Manolin used to fish with Santiago, but has been forced by his parents to fish instead with a luckier boat. His parents, like everyone else, think it's only a waste of time to go fishing with the old man. However, the boy believes in Santiago, who taught him how to fish with all his rich knowledge about the sea. For Manolin, Santiago is like a father and teacher. The boy loves and respects the old man, and tells Santiago that he is the best fisherman.

第二部分

第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身经历告诉我们：一个人要想成功，就必须有责任感，并为此设立不同阶段的目标。

21．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“I read an amazing book over 15 years ago that changed my life. It was called ‘Eat That Frog! 21 Great

Ways to Stop Procrastinating and Get More Done in Less Time’， written by Brian Tracy, a legend in the field of personal development.”可知，作者受益于Brian Tracy所写的一本关于个人发展的书，故选B项。

22．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Most days, it's writing 1,500 words for my newsletters (简讯) or next book”可以推测作者很可能是一位作家。故选A项。

23．答案与解析：C 考查主旨大意。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的前两句话“A deadline can have the biggest initial impact on your success. But it's accountability that keeps it going”和最后一句话“Accountability is important and I can never, ever abandon it”可推知，一个人要想成功，坚持自己的责任是最为重要的。故选C项。

【语篇解读】如果以英语为母语的人士不想被国际商业界遗弃，他们就需要去学习如何讲全球化英语，要学会和不是以英语为母语的人士沟通。本文就此问题作了分析，并提出了一些建议。

24．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It is much more difficult to understand their English than that of other nationalities. When we non-native

speakers of English talk, it is much easier to understand”可知，以英语为母语的人士讲的英语是最难懂的。故答案选B。

25．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的“First, slow down, but not to the point where members of your audience think you are supporting them. Second, avoid idiomatic and metaphorical (比喻性的) expressions”可以排除选项B和C；根据第五段中的“On the other hand, when jokes work, they can be a huge success with a nonnative speaking audience”可以排除D；而选项A文章中没有提到，故答案选A。

26．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段中的“they will often be rephrasing your words in an attempt to satisfy themselves that they have grasped (理解) what you said”可知，他们常常会重新表述你说过的话，以此来表示自己已经理解了你表达的意思，故答案选D。

27．答案与解析：C 考查主旨大意。根据文章内容尤其是第一段内容可知，如果以英语为母语的人士不想被国际商业界遗弃，他们需要去学习如何讲全球化英语——换言之，就是和不是以英语为母语的人士沟通，故答案选C。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。TOEFL和IELTS一直是国际学生高等教育入学英语能力测试的主要选择。近年来又出现了Duolingo这一受欢迎的语言学习平台和测试系统。

28．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“to measure an

international applicant's (申请人的) level of English”以及最后一句可知，TOEFL和IELTS是用来检测国际申请生的英语水平的。

29．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“In 2014, the company launched its own test of English language ability”可知答案为D。

30．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Duolingo offers its test entirely over the Internet for $ 49. All test-takers need is access to a computer

with a microphone, listening device and selffacing camera”可知，相比于TOEFL和IELTS，Duolingo费用低，参加考试的方式更便捷。

31．答案与解析：A 考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知，文章重点介绍了Duolingo这一语言学习平台的语言测试系统。

【语篇解读】本文为说明文，题材为社会文化。文章告诉我们商店都是有它们独特的气味的，这种气味可以让顾客更加喜欢在商店购物。

32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句和第四句“But while a shop's scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is proving to be an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.”可知本题选择B项。

33．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。文章第五段第三句“But while eshops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full

experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave.”指出实体店相对于网店更能给顾客提供全方位的体验，目的是体现实体店的优势，故选择A项。

34．答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。整篇文章都在说商店中的味道可以让顾客喜欢这个商店并促进购物，destination所在句的前半句中也提到品牌店希望自己不只是个商店，因此可以推断destination是顾客愿意去的地方，故选择C项。

35．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。本文为说明文，作者告诉我们商店里的味道在人们购物时也很重要，并对此进行了解释，因此选择D项inform and explain告知并解释。

第二节

【语篇解读】本文介绍了怎样成为一名活动家。

36．答案与解析：C 空前一句讲活动家是看到变革需要的人，他们为此奉献时间。由此可知C项“他们是由激情和对更美好未来的憧憬驱动的”与此联系紧密。C项中的They指的就是Activists。故选C。

37．答案与解析：B 本空是本段的主旨句。根据本段中多次出现的organization可知，本段主要讲你可以加入一个支持你事业的组织。故选B。

38．答案与解析：E 本段主要讲应捐钱或物资。E项说明了活动家应捐钱或物资的原因。故选E。

39．答案与解析：D 根据本段主旨句“Reach out to your family and friends”

可知，D项“如果你做志愿工作，邀请他们和你一起”符合文意。故选D。

40．答案与解析：F 由本段主旨句“在社交媒体上宣传你的事业”并结合选项可知，F项“发布有用的文章，并写下你正在做的事情来参与其中”符合文意。

第三部分第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一周内不准打电话的生活会是一种什么情况呢？在一次旅游中Madeline进行了体验。

41．答案与解析：A'根据下文“no phones allowed for the entire week”可知父母宣布了一项整周不用手机的新规定。

42．答案与解析：B'根据下文“They'll have to wait”可知朋友会等待她消息的更新。

43．答案与解析：B'她跟妈妈讨价还价失败了，故此处指她改变了策略。 44．答案与解析：D'根据上文“Madeline saw that her parents' phones were already in it.”可知Madeline也不得不把自己的手机放了进去。drop意为“使掉下”。

45．答案与解析：D'根据下文的“said in her sweetest voice”可推知，她用带着爱的眼神讨好地看着爸爸。

46．答案与解析：B'从上文可知，Madeline一家是去度假，故她想告诉朋友们她度过的假期很棒。

47．答案与解析：B'通过上文她发现了一个拼图玩具，以及下文她把拼图拼好了可知，此时她开始整理拼图碎片。sort意为“整理；把……分类”。

48．答案与解析：C'通过下文的“The puzzle was less than half done.”可推知，Madeline已经忙活了将近2个小时了。

49．答案与解析：B'根据上文的“The next morning, the golden sun was rising over the blue ocean. The sky was cloudless.”可知，这个美景让Madeline想起了朋友曾经分享的一张照片。此处为remind sb. of sth.的搭配，意为“让某人想起某事物”。

50．答案与解析：C'通过上文可知Madeline的手机被妈妈收起来了，此时她想往床头柜拿手机。此处shoot意为“(使)急速移动”。

51．答案与解析：C'根据上下文可知，每当拼图被拼在一起的时候，Madeline都感到有点兴奋。

52．答案与解析：D'根据上文的“She quickly put the remaining pieces into place.”可知，Madeline把拼图完成了。

53．答案与解析：C'根据生活常识可知，拼图完成后，一般会欣赏已经完成的拼图。appreciate意为“欣赏”。

54．答案与解析：A'根据下文的in her mind可知，她试图在脑海里保存这个拼图。preserve意为“保存；保留”。

55．答案与解析：D'根据下文的“That, she thought, was just for me.”可知她把已经拼好的拼图拆了。take apart意为“拆散；拆开”。

第二节

56．答案与解析：Organized'考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词短语作状语。organize与逻辑主语free trips之间为被动关系。

57．答案与解析：volunteers'考查名词。此处指“在一千个皮艇志愿者的帮助之下”，由空前a thousand可知，此处应使用复数形式。

58．答案与解析：were collected'考查时态和语态。根据前文和空后的that year可知应用一般过去时，three tons of trash与collect之间为被动关系，故为一般过去时的被动语态。

59．答案与解析：that/which'考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为kayak，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。

60．答案与解析：are provided'考查时态和语态。此处描述的是一般性情况，应使用一般现在时；主语Life jackets and equipment是复数概念，且与provide为逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态。

61．答案与解析：to reach'考查非谓语动词。此处是be hard to do sth.，意为“做某事很困难”。在please, glad, happy, difficult, hard, easy等形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式，用主动形式表示被动含义。

62．答案与解析：unfortunately'考查副词。句意：在丹麦，人们喜欢在运河上闲逛，但不幸的是，他们会看到垃圾漂过……。分析句子可知，设空处修饰but后面的整个句子，应用副词形式，根据句意可知，看到垃圾漂过十分不幸运，故填unfortunately。

63．答案与解析：floating'考查非谓语动词。句意：在丹麦，人们喜欢在运河上闲逛，但不幸的是，他们会看到垃圾漂过……。此处为现在分词作宾补，表示“正在漂浮着”。

64．答案与解析：a'考查冠词。此处为make a difference的搭配，意为“有影响，有作用”。

65．答案与解析：of'考查介词。此处take advantage of意为“利用”。第四部分第一节参考范文：

Dear Mr. Philipp，

I'm Li Hua, a Senior 3 student in China. I'll graduate soon and I want to apply to your college for further study. Would you please give me some detailed information?

The first thing I want to know is, as a foreign student, what I should prepare to be qualified to go to your college. The next thing is the tuition fees and other costs I have to pay if I study in your college.

I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply.

Yours， Li Hua

第二节

参考范文：

Health education is very important to teenagers. First, health education concentrates on teenagers' physical and emotional health and realizing the importance of health, teenagers are likely to make healthy life choices and avoid suffering from injuries and diseases. Second, health education helps teenagers deal with stress and live a positive life. Third, health education teaches teenagers good time management skills and makes them more efficient.

Unit4 Breaking boundaries

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.阅读理解

American researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the body's defense system against infection. Doctors at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, did the study. The team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. This chemical is an amino acid(氨基酸) called L-theanine. The scientists

say it may increase the strength of gamma delta T cells. That's the letter T, not the drink. Gamma delta T cells are part of the body's defense.

First, the researchers mixed some of these cells with antigens (抗原) found in the amino acid. Antigens help the body react to infection. Then the scientists added some bacteria. Within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon (干扰素),

a substance that fights infection. Cells not mixed with the antigens did not produce interferon.

In the second part of the study, eleven people drank five to six cups of black tea every day. Ten other people drank the same amount of instant coffee. That is dried coffee mixed with hot water.

Two weeks later, and again two weeks after that, the researchers tested the blood of all twenty-one people. They also looked at what happened when they added bacteria

to the blood cells. They found that the tea drinkers produced five times more interferon

after they started drinking tea. The coffee drinkers did not produce interferon.

Doctor Jack Bukowski led the study. He said the antigens added to the gamma delta T cells were responsible for the increased reaction to the bacteria. He said that the study also showed that the cells were able to remember the bacteria and fight them again next time.

Earlier research has already found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer. Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated by more people. “If the findings prove to be true，” he says, “then tea drinking might also help protect against bacterial infection.” He says the amino acid Ltheanine could be removed from the tea and used as a drug to strengthen the body's defense.

1．We may know from the text that ________ can be found in different kinds of tea.

A．L-theanine B．gamma delta T cells

C．interferon D．bacteria

2．Tea may help strengthen the body's defense system because it helps ________. A．to add some bacteria to the blood cells B．the body to produce more gamma delta T cells C．the body to produce more interferon

D．to mix antigens with some of the cells in the body 3．According to Dr Bukowski, ________.

A．the findings of the study have already proved to be true B．further study is needed to prove the findings true

C．he has taken some amino acid L-theanine from tea and made a drug with it D．he is not sure whether tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer

Doctors Without Borders, which was set up in 1971 by doctors and journalists in France, is a humanitarian (慈善的) organization also known as its French name, Médecins Sans Frontières, and handles emergencies caused by wars, infectious diseases and natural disasters. Today, the group provides humanitarian medical aid in more than 70 countries. Over 90 percent of its money comes from private sources. In 1999, the group received the Nobel Peace Prize.

Living in Emergency: Stories of Doctors Without Borders is a documentary by the movie director Mark Hopkins. It tells the stories of four doctors and their voluntary work in Liberia and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Mr. Hopkins and his crew filmed the doctors working under some of the most extreme and dangerous conditions.

Doctor Tom Krueger from the United States in the film volunteered in Liberia in 2003, after two civil wars. He said, “It was pretty much of a shock when I got here. You can't describe the feeling of the heat in your body and the sweat running down your back, and the smell of the pus (脓) that hits your nose and of unwashed bodies in a closed room.”

Another doctor in the film, Australian Chris Brasheer, has been with Doctors Without Borders for nine years. He has served in the Democratic Republic of Congo and spent time in Liberia. He said, “ No water, no electricity, no food—pretty apocalyptic really. ”

Doctor Chiara Lepora from Italy also appears in the film. She spent several years working with the group. She said, “I will probably return. There are a lot of doctors who are willing to volunteer once, but not many doctors who are willing to repeat their experience. ”

4．What can we know about Doctors Without Borders?

A．It finds peaceful solutions to world problems. B．It provides free medical aid for the countries in trouble. C．Most of its money comes from the government. D．It was started only by doctors in the early 1970s.

5．Which of the following is true about Living in Emergency: Stories of Doctors Without Borders?

A．It is a documentary about Mr. Hopkins' crew.

B．It tells the stories of 4 doctors from the same country. C．It is about how Doctors Without Borders was set up. D．It was filmed in countries full of starvation and thirst.

6．What does the underlined word “apocalyptic” in the fourth paragraph probably mean?

A．Like the dangerous conditions.

B．Like the end of the world. C．Like the smell of dead bodies. D．Like the feeling of sadness. Ⅱ.七选五

Standing strong for Wuhan

In the battle against CO VID-19, medical workers fight in the front line, while

people from all walks of life help pass on love to one another. __1__ An infected man goes viral (走红) A man infected with the novel coronavirus became an internet celebrity (名人) after a video of him went viral. __2__ A medical staff member passes by with a thumbs-up. The 39-year-old man, surnamed Fu, is a post-doctor teaching at Florida

State University in the United States. He came to Wuhan to visit his parents, who were also infected with the novel coronavirus.

With love from El Salvador __3__ On Feb. 7, 11-year-old Javier Castellano and his 13-year-old sister Valeria

painted a picture to send their blessing as China fights to contain the deadly coronavirus. __4__ Valeria said that she heard about the epidemic on the news and she believed that China would overcome this huge challenge.

Up and running

On Feb. 4, medical workers transferred patients to the newly-built Huoshenshan

Hospital in Wuhan. __5__ The city government investigated (调查) coronavirus-infected citizens in local communities and transferred critical cases to the

hospital. “The diagnosis (诊断) of patients is speeding up，” Xiong Wei, deputy director of Dewang Community Neighborhood Committee, told Xinmin Evening News.

A．El Salvador is a heavily populated country in North America.

B．China is receiving support from around the world, including El Salvador. C．Take a look at the following touching moments!

D．This special emergency-response hospital was built in 10 days and has a capacity (容量) of 1,000 beds.

E．In the video, he can be seen reading Francis Fukuyama's The Origins of Political Order at Jianghan Cabin Hospital.

F．The video showed what the life was like in the new hospital with some patients dancing and some others reading or shooting pictures.

G．Their painting says, “Come on, China! El Salvador loves China.”

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是喝茶可以增强身体对感染的抵御能力，因为茶可以使身体制造出更多的干扰素。

1．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. This chemical is an amino acid(氨基酸)called L-theanine.可知，不同的茶里面都有的物质是L-theanine，故选A。

2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Within twentyfour hours，the cells produced a lot of interferon(干扰素), a substance that fights infection.”可知茶有助于加强身体的免疫系统是因为它可以使身体制造出更多的干扰素，故选C。

3．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated by more people.可知Doctor Bukowski认为要证明这个发现是对的，还需要更多的研究，故选B。

【语篇解读】本文介绍了无国界医生组织，以及相关纪录片Living in Emergency: Stories of Doctors Without Borders所描述的医生在利比里亚和刚果民主共和国恶劣环境中的救援经历。

4．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Doctors Without Borders，

which was set up in 1971 by doctors and journalists in France, is a humanitarian(慈善的)organization also known as its French name, Médecins Sans Frontières, and handles emergencies caused by wars, infectious diseases and natural disasters”可知，无国界医生组织是一个为战争、传染病及自然灾害的受害者提供紧急医疗救援的慈善机构。

5．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的第三句和下文中 Chris Brasheer 医生的讲述“No water，no electricity，no food”可知D项正确。

6．答案与解析：B 考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“He said，‘No water，no electricity, no food—pretty apocalyptic really’”可知，没有水，没有电，没有食物，即表示状况十分糟糕。故B项最贴合文意。apocalyptic“似末世的，像世界末日的”。

Ⅱ.七选五

【语篇解读】在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的战斗中，医务人员奋战在第一线，各行各业的人帮助彼此传递爱心。

1．答案与解析：C 第一段最后一句需要起到引出下文的作用，下文中介绍了几个抗击疫情的暖心时刻，故选C。

2．答案与解析：E 根据上一句中“a video of him went viral”可知本句应介绍视频内容，说明他为什么出名。故选E。

3．答案与解析：B 根据本段标题“With love from El Salvador”，并结合下文内容可知，首句应当是这一段的主题句。故选B。

4．答案与解析：G 根据上一句中“painted a picture to send their blessing”可知选G。

5．答案与解析：D 上一句提及“the newlybuilt Huoshenshan Hospital”，本句应解释火神山医院的基本情况。故选D。

Section Ⅱ Using language

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Reading books and looking at pictures are great, but nothing facilitates(促进) learning like travel, especially for teenagers. Not only do they get to see a world beyond their neighborhood, but they get to experience it, feel it, taste it, hear it and better understand the world around them.

After nearly four decades in the classroom and traveling the world, Phyllis Duvall Bailey knew this perhaps better than anyone else. Becoming engaged in the work in AKA Sorority Inc. in the US, she worked to educate children on the United Nations. There was no doubt in Bailey's mind that the

lessons would mean so much more if the students could see these things for themselves.

Starting in 2015, Bailey, 82, set out to take her students to the UN headquarters in New York City to give them a “Window Seat to the World”， and thus transformed them into global citizens.

Indeed, it is a great opportunity to give students national and international exposure. Since Bailey saw the students as future leaders, she was desperate to expose them to the UN, its mission, its agendas (议程) and its supporting organizations.

She decided to give $10, 000 of her own money to pay for the late June trip, enough to take 10 students aged 14－17 on a four-night stay in New York. There, they

had guided tours of the UN headquarters and the New York City harbor.

It was Quenyaun Payne's first trip to the city and Taylor Sappington's second. Payne, 17, is a senior at Mceachem High School in the state of Georgia, the US. Sappington, 15, is a junior at Therrell High School in Atlanta, Georgia, the US. Both said their visit to the UN was inspiring.

“I like not only how countries are working together but they're focused on common goals like global warming and keeping peace，”Sappington said.

Payne commented, “The trip was amazing. I'm so thankful Mrs. Bailey made it possible.”

Actually, there are a lot of people grateful for the retired teacher's effort. The United Nations Association of Atlanta recently gave Bailey its Humanitarian Award, and the United Nations Association of the US awarded her with the National Education Award.

But Bailey wasn't looking for recognition or even gratitude. Over those four days in New York, she'd already felt it and seen it in the eyes of those 10 teenagers, Payne and Sappington included, who made the trip.

“It has been a real joy to get to see their reaction to new experiences，” she said.

1．The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________. A．the benefits of traveling B．good reading habits C．new teaching methods D．the things teenagers like 2．How did Bailey help students?

A．She offered them voluntary opportunities at the UN. B．She paid for trips that helped students see the world. C．She paid for them to go to school in other countries. D．She taught them some useful life-long reading skills. 3．What can we infer from Sappington's words? A．He determines to work for the UN in the future. B．He shows no interest in global affairs at all.

C．He finds the trip to the UN greatly instructive. D．He wants to visit New York City once again.

4．What made Bailey most joyful according to the passage? A．Students' gratitude. B．Social recognition.

C．Students' gains. D．Official awards.

Aging brings wrinkles, sagging bodies and frustrating forgetfulness. But getting older is not bad for many people.Mounting evidence suggests aging may be a key to happiness. There is conflicting research on the subject, however, and experts say it may all boil down to this: The attitude is everything.

Older adults tend to be more optimistic and have a more positive outlook on life. The big question is why seniors are happier. A recent study suggests one reason：Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people become more comfortable with themselves and their roles in society. The older adults said they were enjoying more time with their family, spending more time on hobbies and having greater financial security and did not have to work.

But others are doubtful about the link between happiness and growing older.

“The notion that those in old age are happier is misleading，” said Richard Easterlin, a professor of economics at the University of Southern California. “It is based on comparing people of different ages who are the same in terms of income, health and family life.” Easterlin added, “ When you take account of the fact that older people who have lower income than the younger are less healthy, and more likely to be living alone, then you will find it hard to accept that they are happier.”

In fact, scientists have found that as people age, their health declines and social networks disappear as their friends die, which can make the elderly less happy.

Even if one does give in to age's dark side, health and happiness don't always go hand-in-hand. It's all about the attitude. Research by the University of Chicago's Yang

suggests that the attitude to life and happiness is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.

Despite the conflicting findings about aging and happiness, the good news is that there doesn't appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one's life. “Most people desire happiness，” Easterlin said. “To my knowledge, no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”

5．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

A．The key factor in older adults' happiness. B．There is a conflict between aging and happiness. C．No one can define the limit to happiness. D．The relationship between health and happiness.

6．Why are some seniors happier according to some experts?

A．They focus on what makes them feel good. B．They have their own circle of friends. C．They have better income after retirement. D．They can enjoy social welfare services. 7．What can we learn from the passage?

A．People of the same age have the same sense of happiness. B．The attitude may play a very important role in happiness.

C．People who adapt the best to changes are more likely to be unhappy. D．Older adults who have more valuable life experience are more optimistic. 8．What's the topic discussed in the passage? A．Whether aging or the attitude brings happiness. B．Why seniors adapt the best to changes in society. C．What the limit to an elder person's happiness is. D．How older people feel compared with younger people. Ⅱ.完形填空

More than I had dreamed of

From the time I was seven, I had a dream of becoming a member of the students' union. I always __1__ my school leaders for taking responsibility for all of us. So I dreamed of being a leader.

Years flew by, and soon I was able to participate in the elections, __2__ I would win. But the reality struck me that I hadn't had a chance. I wasn't pretty. Girls across the school hardly knew me. I just did not have what it took to win a school election. I was __3__. As I cried in my room that evening, I __4__ took a deep breath and decided I wouldn't stop dreaming. I decided that I would enter for elections again in my final year at school—and I would win.

I recognized that my __5__ had a lot of things in their favor. What were the points that would work in my favor? I had good grades, and I was friendly and helpful. And my biggest __6__ was the faith I had. I would not allow my __7__ appearance to hold me back from putting my best foot forward. That evening, I __8__ my election plans a whole year in advance.

I realized that girls would have to get to know me and recognize that I had the ability to __9__ them. I loved making friends and I liked being helpful，so I decided that perhaps I could use these qualities to work to my advantage. In order to learn how to present a great election __10__，I also attended a course on effective public speaking.

The day after the election, when the principal announced I won the highest number of votes, the students __11__. That joy on the faces of all my friends showed me that my victory was also theirs.

Suddenly, I realized that I had __12__ much more than I had dreamed of. I had made many new friends and had helped people __13__ the way. I had won the __14__ and love of my schoolmates and they knew me as somebody who would stand by them. I was able to put a smile on their faces and __15__ their day. 1．A.admired B．remembered C．praised D．believed

2．A.praying B．planning C．calculating D．judging 3．A.concerned B．depressed C．surprised D．confused 4．A.gradually B．immediately C．suddenly D．impatiently 5．A.competitors B．companions C．enemies D．schoolmates 6．A.problem B．strength C．worry D．dream 7．A.young B．personal C．special D．plain 8．A.began B．discussed C．announced D．cancelled 9．A.recommend B．accompany C．represent D．support 10．A.campaign B．speech C．ceremony D．promise 11.A.nodded B．gathered C．cheered D．cried

12．A.accomplished B．accumulated C．devoted D．developed 13．A.by B．to C．in D．along

14．A.appointment B．acceptance C．election D．reputation 15．A.enrich B．bless C．brighten D．expand

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述退休教师 Bailey 为了让孩子们开阔眼界，自费带他们去旅游，最终受到联合国的嘉奖。

1．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Reading books and looking at pictures are great, but nothing facilitates(促进)learning like travel，especially for teenagers.“可知，读书和看图片是很好的，但是没有什么比旅行更能促进学习的了，尤其是对青少年来说。而Bailey应该更加明白旅行的好处。由此推知，第二段中的画线词this指的是“旅行的益处”。故选A项。

2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“She decided to give $10,000 of her own money to pay for the late June trip, enough to take 10 students aged 14－17 on a four-night stay in New York.”可知，她决定拿出自己的1万美元来支付6月底的旅行费用，这笔钱足够10名14至17岁的学生在纽约停留4个晚上。由此可知，Bailey用自己的钱去支付学生看世界的旅行费用。故选B项。

3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第八段“I like not only how countries are working together but they're focused on common goals like global warming and keeping peace，”Sappington said.可知，在这次旅行中他不仅看到了各国如何合作，更看到了它们如何致力于共同的目标。由此推知，他觉得去联合国的旅行很有意义。故选C项。

4．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It has been a real joy to get to see their reaction to new experiences，”she said.可知，Bailey 觉得看到学生们对新体验的反应是一件真正的乐事。由此推知，学生们在这次旅行中的收获是她最快乐的事情。故选C项。

【语篇解读】随着年龄的增加，人们的幸福感也发生了变化。一些人认为老年人会更幸福些，而另一部分人则对此表示怀疑。无论如何，幸福的关键在于一个人对生活的态度。

5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“the good news is that there doesn't appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one's life...no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”可知，幸福没有限度。故选C。 6．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people become more comfortable with themselves and their roles in society.”可知，一些老年人更快乐是因为他们注意力集中在使他们感到快乐的事情上。故选A。

7．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“It's all about the attitude. Research by the University of Chicago's Yang suggests that the attitude to life and happiness is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.”可知，人们对生活和幸福的态度受出生的时代的影响，态度在一定程度上影响了幸福。故选B。

8．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。由文章第一段提到“aging may be a key to happiness”，然后又提到“The attitude is everything.”可知，全文在讨论老年人感到幸福是因为变老还是因为态度。故选A。

Ⅱ.完形填空

【语篇解读】文章讲述了作者想要实现能够进入学生会的梦想，并最终赢得了选举，顺利地进入了学生会，实现了儿时的梦想。同时也收获了很多。

1．答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。根据“So I dreamed of being a leader.”可知，作者梦想成为一名领导者，作者总是钦佩学校的领导们对所有学生负责。admire“钦佩；仰慕”符合句意。

2．答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。pray“祈祷”，符合作者想赢得选举的心情。plan“计划”，calculate“计算”，judge“判断”。

3．答案与解析：B 考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，作者不知道拿什么来

赢得选举，所以感到沮丧。depressed“沮丧的”，符合作者的心情。concerned“担心的”，surprised“惊讶的”，confused“困惑的”。

4．答案与解析：C 考查副词辨析。句意：……我突然做了一个深呼吸并决定不放弃梦想。suddenly符合作者坚定的态度。gradually“渐渐地”，immediately“立即”，impatiently“不耐烦地”。

5．答案与解析：A 考查名词辨析。由语境可知，该空指的是下文提到的作者的竞争对手们，也就是competitor“竞争对手”。companion“同伴”，enemy“敌人”，schoolmate“同学”，均不符合语境。

6．答案与解析：B 考查名词辨析。由上文的“in their favor”和“in my favor”可知，这里谈论的是优势，所以选strength，意为“长处”。problem“问题”，worry“担心”，dream“梦想”。

7．答案与解析：D 考查形容词辨析。作者不想让自己普通的外表阻碍自己将最好的一面展现出来。plain“普通的”。作者在列举长处时，没有提到自己的相貌，由此可以推知，她的相貌应该不占优势，由此可知答案。

8．答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。分析完优势后，作者开始着手制订自己的选举计划。begin“开始；着手进行”。

9．答案与解析：C 考查动词辨析。句意：我意识到女孩们必须了解我，并且认可我有能力代表她们。represent“代表”，符合句意。

10．答案与解析：B 考查名词辨析。由后边的“public speaking”可知答案。 11．答案与解析：C 考查动词辨析。作者赢得选举，学生们应该为此欢呼以示高兴。cheer“欢呼”。

12．答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。作者的本意只是在竞选中获胜，但获胜后作者突然意识到，除了实现了自己的梦想外，她还得到了友情，一路走来帮助了他人，所以作者认为自己实现了比目标还要多的事情，所以选accomplish，意为“完成，实现”。accumulate“积累”，devote“献身”，develope“发展”。

13．答案与解析：D 考查介词辨析。along the way“一路走来；沿途”。 14．答案与解析：B 考查名词辨析。句意：我赢得了朋友们的认可和喜爱……。appointment“约会”，acceptance“认可”，election“选举”，reputation“名声”。

15．答案与解析：C 考查动词辨析。这里指作者通过这次经历，有了更多的自信，可以让同学们的脸上带着微笑，让她们的日子充满欢乐。enrich“使丰富”。

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection

阅读理解

John Otway

John Otway has been playing music and making records in the UK for more than 40 years. Over the years he has released more than ten albums. He has played at hundreds of concerts. He has written two autobiographies. He has worked with some of the country's best musicians and he has even made a film about his life. But despite all of this, most people have never heard of him.

Otway released his first record in 1972, but it was the punk movement a few years later that really gave him his big chance. Otway wasn't the greatest musician but his songs were always fun, and his performances on stage were always entertaining—there was a good chance he would fall off the stage at least once in each show. The punks liked him, and in 1977 he had a small hit when his single Really Free made it to No. 27 the charts in the UK. Otway really enjoyed his success but unfortunately, no more came. Not one of his records over the next 30 years was a hit.

Although he never had much commercial success, Otway had a lot of very loyal fans. When someone asked him what he would like for his 50th birthday, his reply was: “A second hit.” His fans went out and bought as many copies of the new single Bunsen Burner as they could. And in October 2002, Otway finally saw his wish come true. In the charts that featured international superstars like Will Young and Oasis, Bunsen Burner made it to No. 9.Many high street shops refused to sell the record, saying that Otway was too old and unattractive for the teenage market. Otway didn't care. He celebrated his success with an appearance on TV's biggest music show Top of the Pops.

These days John Otway continues to play his music around the country, and there are always plenty of people who are happy to go and watch him perform. He's a great example to anyone who loves making music. You don't have to be young, good-looking

(or even very talented) to enjoy a long career in the music business.

1．From Paragraph 1, we know that ________.

A．John Otway has released hundreds of albums B．John Otway never worked with best musicians C．John Otway has written hundreds of autobiographies D．John Otway is not well-known in the UK as a musician 2．John Otway saw his wish come true when he released ________. A．Really Free B．Bunsen Burner C．Top of the Pops D．his first record

3．Why were some street shops unwilling to sell his single Bunsen Burner? A．They thought it was terrible. B．It wasn't a very big hit.

C．John Otway didn't want them to have it. D．They thought teenagers would not like to buy it.

4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Musicians have to be young and attractive. B．Success isn't important in our life.

C．We should be determined to do what we love.

D．Musicians do much better as they get older.

I decided to apply to the Nottingham Summer School in Food and Crop Science because I thought it could help me expand my knowledge of the industry and determine my career path. Arriving at Sutton Bonington, despite being nervous I was excited to involve myself in the events organised and make new friends. We were welcomed with lunch and team-building activities helping me feel instantly comfortable.

The first activity took place in the “ superlab”， an impressive, brand-new

laboratory full of modern equipment which we were able to use in experiments. For people planning to study food science at university it was the perfect introduction, providing continuous tasters of what the course offered.

We learnt about sensory analysis and its importance in food manufacturing. Using specialized equipment, we tested the smell of an Oreo in relation to the taste of it. Interestingly, the taste and smell of food was strengthened when it was put into the liquid, so we repeated the experiment with an Oreo dunked(浸一浸) in milk. That day we also took part in the ice cream tasting, deciding on our favorite product and packaging, then the Skittles tasting, attempting to establish flavors by looking at their color, then using the limited edition white Skittles and seeing if they were harder.

One of my favorite activities was the talk given on insects and their potential role in sustaining an alternative global protein source for the future. We were given the chance to try some energy/protein bars made with “Jimminy's”， a new product, inspiring us to then create our own product and pitch our idea and brand to the group. And the best part of the three days was the lecture in which a representative from the Food and Drink Federation spoke about the food industry, followed by a formal dinner.

I would definitely recommend attending if you are considering it. I am now certain I want to pursue a nutrition course at university and follow a career in this industry. It has been an enriching experience strengthening my long-term goal.

5．What will the author most likely choose as a career according to the passage?

A．A foreign language. B．Business. C．Engineering. D．The food industry.

6．What can be learnt from the third paragraph? A．Oreo is the most popular kind of food brands. B．Sensory analysis is important in food producing. C．The taste of food will be better when it is put into liquids.

D．We cannot judge flavors by looking at color. 7．Which activity does the author like best? A．The talk on insects and their potential role. B．The lecture about the food industry. C．Trying some energy bars. D．Creating his own product.

TED is a non-profit organization devoted to Ideas Worth Spreading. It started up

in 1984 as a conference bringing together people from three worlds of Technology, Entertainment and Design. Since then it has stepped into more and more fields. It includes two annual conferences—the TED Conference on the North American West Coast each spring, and the TED Global Conference in Edinburgh, the UK each summer, which bring together the world's most excellent thinkers and doers, who are invited to give the talk of their lives in 18 minutes or less.

On ted.com, we make the best talks and performances from TED and partners available to the world, for free. More than 3,000 TED talks are now available, with more to be added each week, which cover almost all topics from science to business to global issues in more than 110 languages. They really help share ideas in communities around the world.

We believe in the power of ideas to change attitudes, lives and eventually, the world. So we're building here a clearinghouse (信息交流中心) that offers free knowledge and inspiration from the world's most inspired thinkers, and also a community of curious souls to engage with ideas and each other. Have an idea? We want to hear from you.

Today, TED is best thought of as a global community. It's a community welcoming people from every field and culture who seek a deeper understanding of the world.

Want to follow TED? Here are the ways to connect：

Get TED news and conference coverage (新闻报道) on the TED Blog. Follow TED on the Internet：

@ TED News for all TED news and information； @ TED Talks for daily TED Talk release only.

8．What can we learn about TED's two annual conferences? A．Great thinkers and doers give inspiring talks in them B．Both conferences organize entertaining programmes. C．One is held in Asia, and the other is in North America. D．Most members in the conferences are from the technology field. 9．Which of the following can best describe TED's task? A．Spreading great ideas.

B．Spreading foreign cultures. C．Educating young people. D．Bringing peace to the world. 10．What does the author think of TED? A．It is interesting. B．It's beneficial. C．It's a common program. D．It needs improving.

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国音乐家John Otway虽然在英国演奏音乐和制作唱片超过40年，但是却没什么名气。John Otway从事音乐事业以来，虽然名气不大，但是他忠于自己喜爱的事业，并且没有放弃。

1．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But despite all of this，most people have never heard of him.”可知尽管如此，大多数人从未听说过他。由此可知，John Otway作为音乐家在英国并不出名。故选D。

2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中“His fans went out and bought as many copies of the new single Bunsen Burner as they could. And in October 2002，Otway finally saw his wish come true.”可知他的粉丝们尽可能去多买Bunsen Burner唱片。2002年10月，Otway的愿望终于实现了。由此可知，当John Otway发布Bunsen Burner唱片后，他的愿望实现了。故选B。

3．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many high street shops refused to sell the record, saying that Otway was too old and unattractive for the teenage market.”可知许多商业街的商店拒绝出售这张唱片，说他太老了，对青少年市场没有吸引力。由此可知，一些街头商店不愿意卖他的Bunsen Burner唱片，是因为他们认为青少年不会愿意买。故选D。

4．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了英国音乐家John Otway虽然在英国演奏音乐和制作唱片超过40年，但是却没什么名气。John Otway从事音乐事业以来，虽然名气不大，但是他忠于自己喜爱的事业，并且没有放弃。由此可推知，从这篇文章中我们能了解到，我们应该下定决心去做我们喜欢做的事。

故选C。

【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，文章讲述了作者谈论其在诺丁汉暑期学校的三天活动情况。

5．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。由文章第一段中的“I decided to apply to the Nottingham Summer School in Food and Crop Science because...determine my career path”以及最后一段中的“I am now certain I want to pursue a nutrition course at university and follow a career in this industry”可推知，D项符合文意。

6．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。由第三段中的“We learnt about sensory analysis and its importance in food manufacturing”以及第三段的叙述可知，应选B。A项和D项在文中没有给出明确的信息；文中说食物的味道在液体中会加强，而不是更好，故C项错误。

7．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。本题易误选A项。文中对A项的评价是“One of my favorite activities”，而题干中的关键信息是“like best”。根据文章倒数第二段中的“the best part of the three days was the lecture in which a representative from the Food and Drink Federation spoke about the food industry”可知，B项正确。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一个致力于传播有价值的思想的非营利性组织TED，它让人们对世界有更深层次的理解，呼吁人们加入这个全球社区。

8．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“which bring together the world's most excellent thinkers and doers, who are invited to give the talk of their lives”可知，伟大的思想家和实干家会在TED的两场年度会议中发表演讲，故选A。

9．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“TED is a nonprofit organization devoted to Ideas Worth Spreading”可知，TED致力于传播有价值的思想，故选A。

10．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据文章第四段中的“It's a community welcoming people from every field and culture who seek a deeper understanding of the world.”可知，在TED，人们可以对世界有更深层次的理解，由此可知，作者认为TED是有益的，故选B。

单元测试卷

选择题部分

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

1．Where are the speakers?

A．In a restaurant. B．At home. C．In an office. 2．What does the man mean? A．He has never trusted Susan.

B．He believes that Susan is telling the truth. C．He is not sure if Susan is telling the truth.

3．How many injured children have the speakers found? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 4．What is the woman busy doing? A．Looking for a new job. B．Spending every minute relaxing. C．Preparing for the coming exam.

5．What's the relationship between the two speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and employee. C．Colleagues.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6．When did the man arrive in Beijing? A．Today. B．Last week. C．Yesterday. 7．What will the man eat in the end?

A．Chicken. B．Dumplings. C．Peking Duck. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8．What are the speakers doing? A．Travelling.

B．Enjoying exhibitions in a museum. C．Visiting a new house.

9．Why does the woman want to go shopping? A．To buy something for the man. B．To buy something for Mary and John. C．To buy something for her own house. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What kind of job is the man looking for? A．A part－time job in a restaurant.

B．A full－time job in the Student Job Center. C．A part－time job in a computer company. 11．What is the man?

A．A waiter. B．A worker. C．A student. 12．What is the woman's suggestion? A．Going to the Student Job Center for a job. B．Signing up for advice on the jobs on the list. C．Walking around in the street to find a job. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? A．Boss and employee. B．Husband and wife. C．Colleagues. 14．Who is Mr. Black? A．The woman's friend. B．The man's boss. C．The woman's husband. 15．Why was the man late?

A．There was something wrong with his bus. B．There was a car accident on his way to the meeting. C．He got injured on his way to work.

16．When did the same thing happen to the woman? A．This morning. B．Yesterday evening. C．Last weekend.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What did Cullen do in 1929? A．He moved to New York. B．He wrote a letter to his boss. C．He opened his own supermarket. 18．How did Cullen's boss react to his idea? A．He refused it at once.

B．He accepted his idea. C．He made no reply to it.

19．Where did Michael Cullen open his first supermarket? A．In someone's garage. B．In his own garage.

C．Next to the store he once worked for.

20．How many stores does King Kullen have now? A．6. B．17. C．47.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

German has a word “ wanderlust” which means “the desire to travel” if it's translated into English. Nowadays the opportunity to travel is endless. Thanks to low-cost airfares, travelling abroad is very accessible and sometimes it's even cheaper to fly out of the country than to travel within your own. So, yes, travelling is cheap but there have to be other reasons to travel and you're right, there are plenty!

I have always had this feeling of wanderlust. It started from me wanting to explore my local woods at the back of my garden as a young girl and as I have grown, so has my sense of adventure. And I found my local woods being replaced with the Brazil wetland. The thing with travelling is that it's always different. Even if you go to the same country, to the same town and stay in the exact same hotel, it will be a completely different experience. The people you meet will be different, and they will tell you their own travelling stories: stories of holiday romances, holiday horror stories and stories that seem so unbelievable that you can hardly believe them until something ridiculous happens to you and you find yourself becoming one of those people telling you tales.

Maybe you have changed since last time you were there. And that's the thing with travelling—it changes you. When you travel you are forced into immersing yourself in a new culture and whether it's eating delicious food, or staying with a family where neither of you speak a common language and you have to communicate by gesture and smiles, the experience gives me itchy_feet to do it all again. And although wanderlust is originally a German word, the English idiom “ to have itchy feet” captures a similar idea. Someone who has itchy feet needs to leave or travel. This sensation is found not only in languages but also in us.

21．In the writer's opinion, travelling can help ________.

A．get low-cost airfares B．change people's thoughts C．meet many friends D．learn a foreign language

22．What do the underlined words “itchy feet” mean?

A．Wanting to go travelling. B．Telling your travelling stories. C．Travelling abroad at once. D．Communicating by gesture. 23．What's the passage mainly about? A．Reasons to travel. B．The desire to travel a lot.

C．The writer's ridiculous experiences.

D．The German word “ wanderlust”．

Being blind at birth is tough in any case. But things were even harder for Srikanth Bolla who was born in a small village in India, where the common belief was that kids with disabilities were “of no use” and therefore, better off dead. Fortunately, Srikanth's parents loved their son and refused to give him up. Instead, they encouraged the blind boy to dream big and reach for the star.

Srikanth did not disappoint his parents. The now twenty-four-year-old is the

founder and CEO of Bollant Industries.

Of course, getting here was not easy. Being both blind and poor meant that Srikanth had to face hard challenges. As a young boy, Srikanth attended a regular school near his home. Unfortunately, the students and teachers didn't quite like him because of his disability. As a result, the young boy was largely ignored and often spent the entire day alone.

Concerned this would hold back Srikanth's development, his family decided to send him to a special school in Hyderabad. Sure enough, the young boy soon rose to the top of his class, winning awards in speech and debate competitions. But Srikanth was prevented from studying sciences when he reached 10th grade, because it was thought too “dangerous” for a blind student. Not wanting to give up, Srikanth took legal action and became the first blind student in the country allowed to study sciences.

Later, after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Srikanth set up Bollant Industries in 2012.For just four years, it became a powerhouse with over 450 employees,70% of whom are physically challenged.

Being disabled doesn't mean being unable. “If the world looks at me and says，‘Srikanth, you can do nothing.’ I will look back at the world and say，‘I can do anything.’” the young man says.

24．Why was Srikanth sent to a special school?

A．His parents became richer than before. B．He could be treated equally there. C．This school was free for disabled students. D．He was sent away by the regular school. 25．What can we know about Srikanth from the text?

A．He was born in a poor village. B．He cared about disabled people.

C．His parents were strict with him in his study. D．He was loved by the villagers when he was young. 26．What words can best describe Srikanth? A．Intelligent and determined. B．Active and honest. C．Patient and careful. D．Kind but stubborn.

27．What can be the best title for the text? A．Chances Are Everywhere B．No Challenges, No Success C．Big Dream Makes a Difference

D．Disability Doesn't Mean Being Unable

Just in a few years out of law school, I decided that I wanted to write fiction. The only thing I had ever published before was a law-review article. I had made great

efforts to write when I came home at night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job.

I began my new life on a February morning. I sat down at my kitchen table at 7：30 am and made a resolution. Every day I would write until lunchtime. Then I would lie down on the floor for 20 minutes to rest my mind. After that, I would return to work for a few more hours.

In my first year, I sold two stories. Then I wrote a novel, but I thought it wasn't good enough, so I ended up putting it in a drawer. My second novel, Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk, was published with glowing (热情赞扬的) reviews and received the National Book Critics Circle Award for fiction.

My success sounds like a familiar story, but actually it was far from suddenness. I quit my job, and for every story I published in those years, I had at least 30 rejections. The novel that I put away in the drawer took me four years. My breakthrough came in 2006, 18 years after I first sat down to write at my kitchen table.

Sometimes genius (天赋) is just the thing that comes out after 20 years of working at your kitchen. Also, doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth. Orson Welles made his masterpiece, Citizen Kan, at 26.T. S. Eliot wrote The Love Song of J. Afred Prufrock at 27.

28．When did the author decide to devote himself full-time to writing fiction?

A．When he was tired of his work.

B．Straight after graduation from law school. C．On being informed his law-review article came out.

D．When his hobby was disturbed by his work.

29．We can infer from the second paragraph that the author ________. A．led a wealthy life

B．arranged his life reasonably

C．was too hard-working to relax himself D．remained single

30．What does the author mainly intend to tell us in Paragraph 4? A．Failure is the mother of success.

B．A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. C．It is never too old to learn.

D．It is the first step that costs troublesome.

31．Why does the author give the examples of Orson Welles and T. S. Eliot? A．To make a comparison between them and himself. B．To show creativity needs energy.

C．To persuade the readers of their great talents.

D．To recommend their two masterpieces.

From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, you can feel sweat running down your body, even if you're barely moving at all. That's what most people in China felt like this summer. In fact, the entire northern hemisphere (半球) saw high temperatures in July.

The Arctic Circle was no exception. Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32℃， The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10℃ at this time of the year.

The heatwave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming,

according to the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effects(极地放大效应) .

The most direct impact of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice. According to NASA, Arctic sea ice is now disappearing at a rate of 13.2 percent every 10 years. NASA said that if this continues, the Arctic will have no ice by the year 2040.

This has put some Arctic animals, like polar bears, in danger. The ice that the bears live on has shrunk(缩小), the Toronto Star reported.

Melting ice can also cause sea level to rise in the long term. Since 1993, sea level has risen at a rate of 3.2 cm every 10 years, The Guardian reported. Some countries, such as Tuvalu (图瓦卢) in the South Pacific Ocean and Maldives(马尔代夫) in the Indian Ocean, are at risk of disappearing into the sea.

32．Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Some countries in the ocean will disappear in 10 years.

B．China is the hottest in the northern hemisphere this summer. C．The temperatures in Norilsk used to be lower than this summer. D．The world gets warmer because of the heatwave in the Arctic. 33．What does the underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refer to? A．The heatwave in the Arctic. B．The result of global warming. C．Getting warmer in the world. D．The Arctic getting warm faster.

34．What may be the result of the melting of Arctic ice? A．The polar bears will become dangerous. B．Sea level rises in the long term. C．There will be an end of water shortages. D．There will be no ice in the world by 2040. 35．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Heat hits the Arctic. B．Arctic animals are in danger. C．The world becomes hotter than before. D．Some countries may disappear into the sea. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Things You Should Stop Doing to Be Successful

Are you a happy person? How often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not better than you in general? What do you do wrong? Here are some things you should stop doing to be successful.

1．__36__ Different people may explain “success” in different ways: some of them measure it in money; other ones in positive changes to people around them and the world. __37__ Don't worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy.

2.Do not believe anything without questioning it.

__38__ They are critical thinkers, and they understand that we all are ruled by our prejudices(偏见), so they will always question new information.

3.Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.

If you want to be successful, stop thinking about everything that MAY happen to you.__39__ Be ready to improve and change your deeds and decisions when things suddenly don't go according to your plan.

4.Do not care about what other people think of you.

As far as we all know, it's impossible to please all the people who surround us.

Your attempts to become “good” for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries, stresses, and problems.__40__ But they worry about their quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about.

A．Do not wait for the “ right time” to do anything.

B．Do not let others decide what “ success” is for you.

C．Successful people do not just accept any new information to be true. D．Successful people do not concentrate on the quantity of people to please. E．Try to feel comfortable with the reality and accept the fact that your future can't be predicted.

F．If you want to be successful, do not let others force their explanation of success on you.

G. Successful people never ignore or avoid problems，no matter how big and awful they seem.

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

There came Bryan's favorite game time. He sat back on the sofa and began to __41__. As Bryan was playing, his mom walked through the room to see what he was doing. “Don't let the video game turn you into a couch potato，” Mom said. Bryan didn't reply and __42__ his eyes on the flashing television screen. He gripped (紧抓) his controller and pushed the buttons hard.

Soon, Bryan's __43__ began to hurt.He was having trouble moving his fingers. Bryan tried to stretch out his hand, __44__ it felt like his fingers just wanted to curl back around the controller. Bryan __45__ back into the couch. It was so comfortable that he felt like he was sinking deeper into the cushions (靠垫). He felt a little thirsty, but it would be too much trouble to get up and __46__ the game. Then Bryan thought about __47__ Mom had said. Was his body really becoming part of the couch? He tried to concentrate __48__ his back and legs to feel where his body ended and the couch began, but he __49__ feel much of anything at all. Bryan looked down at his hands. They felt stiff now, and it seemed like they were stuck around the controller. Bryan felt __50__.Could he really be turning into a video game controller? Would he just disappear into the couch before supper? Suddenly, Bryan __51__ the controller and made himself stand up. He stretched his arms up toward the ceiling and then reached his hands down to touch his toes. His body tingled (感到刺痛) as he moved.

Bryan ran to the kitchen to tell his mom what had happened. “Well, at least we know that video games haven't __52__ your mind，” Mom said. She smiled, but Bryan still felt very serious. “I think I'll take a break from video games and go outside __53__，” Bryan said. And that's just what he did.

That day Bryan got a __54__. It's wise to make playing video games a way of relaxation and keep a balance between video games and suitable exercise. Otherwise a man will end up with a couch potato, or even, a __55__ of video games. 41．A.eat B．watch C．play D．write

42．A.moved B．left C．kept D．closed 43．A.hand B．head C．eyes D．neck 44．A.or B．so C．but D．until 45．A.turned B．walked C．looked D．settled 46．A.sell B．pause C．start D．run 47．A.where B．which C．how D．what 48．A.on B．with C．from D．to

49．A.shouldn't B．mustn't C．wouldn't D．couldn't 50．A.worried B．disappointed C．excited D．angry 51．A.fixed B．observed C．designed D．dropped 52．A.ruined B．opened C．relaxed D．read 53．A.though B．too C．instead D．still 54．A.desire B．lesson C．belief D．challenge 55. A．suspect B．slave C．master D．loser

非选择题部分

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mr. Watson lived with his family in the woods. He owned a farm, which looked almost 56.________ (desert). Fortunately, he also had a cow producing milk every day. He exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 57.________ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 58.________ (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass 59.________ it began to rain heavily. While 60.________(make) great efforts to run away, she fell off the hill and died. Then the Watsons had to make 61.________ living without the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Watson began to plant herbs and 62.________ (vegetable). Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 63.________ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he sold what he planted in the market where people from the towns met 64.________ (regular). Now it occurred to 65.________ (he)that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节应用文写作(满分15分)

假定你是高中生李华，你发现很多学生都没有健康的生活方式，你打算在学

校英文报上写一封倡议书，呼吁大家更加关注健康。要点如下：

1．常见问题； 2．合理建议； 3．发出呼吁。注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home from school. His name was Kyle. It looked like he was carrying all of his books. I thought to myself：Why would anyone bring home all his books on a Friday? He must really be a nerd (书呆子)．

As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running toward him. They ran at him, knocking all his books out of his arms and tripping him up so he landed in the dirt. His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him. He looked up and I saw the terrible sadness in his eyes. So, I jogged to him and as he crawled around looking for his glasses, I saw a tear in his eye. As I handed him his glasses, he said, “Thanks！” There was a big smile on his face. It was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude. We talked all the way home, and I carried his books. He turned out to be a pretty cool kid. The more I got to know Kyle, the more I liked him.

Over next four years, Kyle and I became best friends. When we were seniors, he had the highest marks in the class and was chosen to give a speech at the graduation ceremony. I teased him all the time about being a nerd. He had to prepare a lot, and I was so glad it wasn't me having to get up there and speak.

Graduation day, I saw Kyle. I said, “ Hey, big guy, you'll be great！” He looked at me with one of those looks, the really grateful one, and said “Thanks” with a smile.

As he started his speech, he cleared his throat, and began，“Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it through those tough years. Your parents, your teachers, your siblings, maybe a coach...but mostly your friends. I am here to tell all of you that being a friend to someone is the best gift you can give him or her. I am going to tell you a story. ”

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

I just looked at my friend in disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met.

I smiled back in

tears.____________________________________________________

答案及解析

第一部分答案：

1－5 BCBCA 6－10 ABABA 11－15 CBCBB 16－20 CBCAC

听力材料： Text 1

M: I'm too tired to cook. Let's get something from the Chinese take-away.

W: I couldn't agree more. I happen to have the number. Text 2

W: I don't think it's true. Susan is always saying strange things.

M: I know，but this time I can't work out if she is telling the truth or not. Text 3

M: Lucy, be quick! There are two injured kids under the building. Send for a medical team.

W: Oh, another little girl is here. Don't worry. The doctor is coming. Text 4

M: What are you preparing for?

W: We'll have the final exam in a month，and after that we will have to find jobs,

so I should make full use of every minute.

Text 5

W: I'm afraid the kitchen's a bit of a mess. I think we'll give it a good clean. M: Do you want me to empty the cupboards，darling? W: Yes, please. I'll clean out the cupboards. Text 6

M: Well，it's my first night in Beijing. What should I eat? W: Well，you have to try Peking Duck.

M: I don't really like duck or chicken, to be honest with you. I would like something light.

W: OK，you could try the dumplings then.

M: That sounds like a good idea. Where should I go to eat then? W: Actually，I know a great restaurant in Dongsi. M: OK，I'll follow you. Text 7

W: Look at all the beautiful things these people have made. I'm really impressed. I wish I could make such beautiful things.

M: So do I. It looks like a museum of art around here, doesn't it?

W: Yeah. Let's walk around to each shop. I want to find something for Mary and John.

M: Are you looking for anything in particular?

W: I'm looking for something to decorate their new house with. M: Have you noticed these paintings? I am quite taken by them. W: Yes，I have. They are beautiful, but they are a little expensive.

M: Why don't you take up painting? I remember you used to like painting. W: I don't have the talent or the time. I wish I did. Text 8

M: I was wondering if you could help me use the Student Job Center. W: Certainly. What kind of job would you like? M: I want to work in a restaurant.

W: All right. Are you looking for part-time or full-time work?

M: I want to work part-time.

W: Very well，the best way is to use the computers with the Internet job listing sites. See them over there?

M: Yes, I know what to do.

W: Also, if you would like advice on the jobs on the list, you can sign up for that service here. Would you like to sign up?

M: Yes，I think that would be great.

W: Very well. The job search tools are all here for you to use. Feel free to look around and use what works best for you. Have fun.

Text 9

W: Peter! Where have you been? You know we had a meeting with some guests this morning. They arrived in Beijing yesterday evening.

M: Oh，no! Am I too late? W: Yes. They just left. I went there instead of you，but Mr. Black wants a word with you. Where were you?

M: The traffic was terrible! There was a car accident on 7th Street, so it was blocked all the way to Round Street.

W: Was it serious? Was anyone hurt?

M: Nothing serious，but my bus couldn't move.

W: I know what you mean. It happened to me last weekend.

M: Then we got to where the accident was. It was on the corner of 7th and Green. W: Not to mention there are no traffic lights there. M: Exactly! The street was filled with people, too. W: I hate it when traffic is like that. Text 10

Hello，everybody. Today I'll introduce when and how the supermarket came into being. The first supermarket was opened about 80 years ago. It was opened in New York by Michael J．Cullen.

Cullen was born in 1884 and died in 1936. He had worked as a shop assistant in a store for nearly 30 years. Then he thought of a better way of selling things. In 1929, he wrote a letter to his boss, the owner of the company he worked for.

In the letter，the 45-year-old sales manager thought of the idea of creating

supermarkets. In the supermarkets, prices were reduced on some products to encourage buying. Goods were to be placed on open shelves so that they could easily be reached. The advantages of the supermarkets could be advertised on radios and newspapers.

He never received a reply. He left the company and moved to New York. In the summer of 1930 he opened the nation's first supermarket in somebody's old garage. Its name was King Kullen. It had everything modern supermarkets have: separate departments, self-service, discount pricing，and chain marketing.

Other King Kullen stores soon followed and in 1936 sales had reached $6 million from 17 stores.

Today，King Kullen remains a family-owned business with 47 stores.

第二部分第一节

【语篇解读】本文从人们去旅游的各种各样的原因着手，揭示了旅游可以丰富一个人的经历，同时也能促进一个人思想层面的发展。

21．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第三段内容尤其是“And that's the thing with travelling—it changes you”可知，在作者看来，旅行可以改变人的想法。故选B。

22．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Someone who has itchy feet needs to leave or travel”可以推测，画线词的意思是“想要去旅行”。

23．答案与解析：A 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章是围绕第一段中的“there have to be other reasons to travel and you're right, there are plenty” 展开的，后面的段落主要是对旅行的原因进行详细的说明。故A项符合题意。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。出生在印度一个村庄的Srikanth Bolla出生时就是盲人，虽然那里的人都认为残疾人没用，但是他的父母没有放弃他，反而努力培养他，最终他在2012年毕业后，成立了以残疾人为主的Bollant Industries。

24．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由文中的“Unfortunately, the students and teachers didn't quite like him because of his disability. As a result, the young boy was largely ignored and often spent the entire day alone.”和“Concerned this would hold back Srikanth's development, his family decided to send him to a special school in Hyderabad.”可推知，在特殊学校，Srikanth Bolla可得到公平的对待。故选B。

25．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由文中的“For just four years, it became a powerhouse with over 450 employees, 70% of whom are physically challenged.”可知，Srikanth Bolla是关心残疾人的。故选B。

26．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据文中的“Sure enough, the young boy soon rose to the top of his class, winning awards in speech and debate competitions.”可知，Srikanth Bolla是很聪明的 (intelligent)。由文中的“Not wanting to give up, Srikanth took legal action and became the first blind student in the country allowed to study sciences，”可知，Srikanth Bolla不被允许上科学课。他不想放弃，于是运用法律手段并成了国内第一个上科学课的盲人学生。所以Srikanth Bolla是意志很坚定的 (determined)。故选A。

27．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。这是一篇记叙文，主旨大意需结合全文内容考虑。文章一开始讲述Srikanth Bolla出生地的人认为盲人是无用的，文章中间段落讲述他父母对他的培养以及他自己的努力，最终没有让父母失望，还成立了自己的公司。所以本文主要讲“残疾并不意味着无能”，故选D。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何成为一名成功的作家。

28．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I had made great efforts to write when I came home at night after work, but I was too tired.I decided to quit my job”可知，当作者一边工作一边写作太劳累时，他决定辞职，将全部时间倾注于写小说。故D项正确。

29．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。从第二段的内容可以推断出作者合理安排了他的生活。故B项正确。

30．答案与解析：A 考查目的意图。根据第四段中的“I quit my job，and for...30 rejections”可推知，作者想通过自己的经历告诉我们失败是成功之母。故A项正确。

31．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Also，doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth”可知，作者给出Orson Welles 和T.S.Eliot的例子是为了要说明创造力需要活力和朝气。故B项正确。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是“高温在冲击北极”。介绍了这一现象的基本表现，探究了其背后的原因，以及预测了可能带来的影响。

32．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32℃， The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10℃at this time of the year.”可知，诺里尔斯克的气温过去经常低于今年夏天。故选C。

33．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effects(极地放大效应)．”可推知画线词This指的是“北极变暖得更快”。故选D。

34．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Melting ice can also cause sea level to rise in the long term.”可知，北极冰层融化的结果可能是从长远来看，海平面会上升。故选B。

35．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“The heatwave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming...”和第四段第一句“The most direct impact of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice.”可知，本文讲述的是“高温在冲击北极”。故选A。

第二节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了为了取得成功，你应该停止做的四件事。

36．答案与解析：B 此处是本段小标题。根据其他小标题的句式及该段落中的首句和最后一句可以推知B项符合语境。

37．答案与解析：F 根据上文中的“Different people may explain ‘success’ in different ways”和下文中的“Don't worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy”可知应选F项。

38．答案与解析：C 根据小标题“Do not believe anything without questioning it”和C项中的“do not just accept any new information to be true”与该段中的“question new information”相呼应可知，此处应选C项。

39．答案与解析：E 本段主要讲的是“不要担心可能会发生在你身上的不可预见的事情”，根据空前讲的“如果想要成功，就不要去想任何或许会发生在你身上的事情”可知，这里应进一步说明，故选E项。

40．答案与解析：D 根据小标题“Do not care about what other people think of you”及D项中的“do not concentrate on the quantity of people to please”与该段中的“But they worry about their quality”形成转折关系可知，应选D项。

第三部分第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bryan打游戏上瘾后的遭遇。经过挣扎，Bryan摆脱了电子游戏，并得出结论：把打游戏当作放松的方式，并平衡打游戏和身体锻炼才是明智之举。

41．答案与解析：C eat吃；watch看；play玩；write写。根据下文可知Bryan正在玩，结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。

42．答案与解析：C 句意：Bryan没有回答，还是目不转睛地盯着闪烁的电视屏幕。move移动；leave离开；keep保持；close关闭。结合句意可知此处考查短语keep one's eyes on注视，盯着。故选C。

43．答案与解析：A 句意：很快，Bryan的手开始疼痛。hand手；head头；eye眼睛；neck脖子。根据下文He was having trouble moving his fingers.以及Bryan looked down at his hands. They felt stiff now可知他难以移动自己的手指，而且现在手都僵硬了。由此可知他的手开始疼起来了。故选A。

44．答案与解析：C 句意：Bryan尽力展开手掌，但是就好像他的手指只想要卷曲回握住遥控器。or或者；so因此；but但是；until直到……为止。根据上下文并结合句意可知此处选项C符合语境。

45．答案与解析：D turn转身；walk散步，走路；look看；settle使处于舒适的位置。settle back舒适地坐下。故选D。

46．答案与解析：B 句意：他感觉有点渴，但是停下游戏站起来对他来说太麻烦了。sell卖；pause停顿；start开始；run跑。根据句意可知Bryan想停下游戏去喝水。选项B符合语境。

47．答案与解析：D 句意：随后，Bryan想到了妈妈说的话。where哪里；which哪一个；how如何；what什么。分析句子可知此处为what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中指代妈妈说的话。故选D。

48．答案与解析：A 分析句子可知此处考查短语concentrate on“集中注意力于”。故选A。

49．答案与解析：D shouldn't不应该；mustn't不许；wouldn't不会；couldn't不能。根据句意可知此处选项D符合语境。故选D。

50．答案与解析：A 句意：Bryan感到担忧。worried担忧的；disappointed失望的；excited激动的；angry生气的。根据下文两个问题Could he really be turning into a video game controller? Would he just disappear into the couch before supper？可知Bryan有点担心了，结合句意可知此处选项A符合语境。

51．答案与解析：D 句意：突然，Bryan扔掉了遥控器，并让自己站了起来。

fix使固定；修理；observe观察，遵守；design设计；drop使落下。根据上文“They felt stiff now，and it seemed like they were stuck around the controller.”可知Bryan开始尝试着摆脱遥控器，因此选项D符合语境。

52．答案与解析：A ruin毁灭；open打开；relax放松；read阅读。根据上文“Bryan ran to the kitchen to tell his mom what had happened.”可知Bryan把自己刚才的遭遇告诉了妈妈，很明显电子游戏给他造成了巨大的伤害，因此此处选项A符合语境。

53．答案与解析：C though可是，然而；too也；instead代替；still仍然。根据句意可知此处选项C符合语境。

54．答案与解析：B 句意：那天Bryan得到了一个教训。desire渴望；lesson教训；belief信念；challenge挑战。根据上下文可知那天的经历对Bryan来说是个教训。故选B。

55．答案与解析：B suspect嫌疑犯；slave奴隶；master 主人；loser失败者。结合上文可知Bryan打游戏时间长以致无法控制自己，几乎就要成为游戏的奴隶。根据句意可知此处选项B符合语境。

第二节

【语篇解读】人的一生有喜有忧，故事中的农夫全家都依靠一头奶牛生活，当这个生活的全部来源消失后，农夫开始了自力更生的生活，反而获得了新的生机。

56．答案与解析：deserted 考查形容词。由空前的looked可知，空处应用形容词作表语。deserted意为“被遗弃的”。

57．答案与解析：for 考查介词。exchange...for...意为“用……兑换……”，为固定搭配。

58．答案与解析：was left 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；且此处表示“被剩下”，故填was left。

59．答案与解析：when 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，此处为be doing...when...句型，意为“正在做……这时(突然)……”。

60．答案与解析：making 考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知，在本句中，While引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词的某种形式，故可将从句主语和be动词省略，将其补充完整为：While she was making great efforts to run away。

61．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。make a living意为“谋生”，为固定搭配，故填a。

62．答案与解析：vegetables 考查名词复数。vegetable表示“蔬菜”时为可数名词，且其前没有限定词，故用复数形式。

63．答案与解析：to sell 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。

64．答案与解析：regularly 考查副词。空处修饰动词met，故应用副词。 65．答案与解析：him 考查代词。It occurred to sb. that...表示“某人突然想到……”，为固定句型，又根据语境可知此处应用第三人称宾格him。

第四部分第一节参考范文：

Dear schoolmates，

In our school, unhealthy lifestyles can be seen every day, such as enjoying too much junk food, having a cold shower, staying up too late, and so on, which will surely do harm to our health.

From my perspective, for the sake of our health, we should take it seriously and try to work out a nice plan as soon as possible and stick to it.

So here, I call on everyone to take action without hesitation and follow a really healthy lifestyle.

Li Hua 第二节参考范文：

I just looked at my friend in disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met. Kyle had planned to kill himself over the weekend. He talked of how he had cleaned out his locker so his mom wouldn't have to do it later and was carrying his stuff home. Meanwhile, I found he looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “ Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from doing the unspeakable.” I heard the gasp go through the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us all about his weakest moment. When his eyes caught mine, I was able to see tears shimmering in his smiling eyes. I smiled back in tears. Not until that moment did I realize what a big difference one small gesture had made to him. I even saw his mom and dad looking at me and smiling with that same grateful smile. It dawned on me that never should we underestimate the power of our actions. With one small gesture we can change a person's life. For better or for worse.

Unit5 A delicate world

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Here are some books which can inspire kids to think about nature and the environment.

How to Raise Monarch Butterflies：A Step-by-Step Guide for Kids

—By Carol Pasternak

Have you ever watched a monarch transform from a caterpillar to a butterfly from up close? In this book, learn everything about the monarch life cycle and how to raise monarchs from eggs to adult butterflies. You will also get to know the efforts involved to protect the species.

National Parks: A Kid's Guide to America's Parks, Monuments, and Landmarks —By Erin McHugh

This year, the National Park Service's National Park Week is on April 21—29.During the week, all the national parks offer free admission. Enrich your knowledge with this book, as it introduces the national parks and some interesting places in the U．S., including their geography, specific animals as well as environmental challenges. The book's featured places include Yosemite National Park, Ellis Island and the National Park of American Samoa, the only U．S. national park to the south of the equator.

Where Do Recyclable Materials Go？—By Sabbithry Persad

Tiana has been learning about recycling at school. But when her dog, Bubbles, gets lost running after a recycling truck, she ends up learning a lot more about recyclable materials than ever! Follow Tiana and her family as they search for Bubbles around town and at the Materials Recovery Facility. Along the way, readers will learn a lot about recycling and how they can do their part in protecting the environment.

Scrap Kins Build-it Book Volume 1

—By Brian Yanish

Meet the Scrap Kins. They are creative, friendly monsters who live in a recycling center, known as Scrap City. They'll show you how to turn junk into pretty cool things. Readers will learn how to create cute bags from old jeans, beautiful ships from milk boxes, and more. Remember that one person's trash may be another person's treasure!

1．Which author teaches you how to make an artwork from wastes?

A．Carol Pasternak. B．Brian Yanish. C．Sabbithry Persad. D．Erin McHugh.

2．Why is the National Park of American Samoa special? A．There is a famous statue in it. B．It is free for admission. C．It lies to the south of the equator. D．It has its specific animals.

3．The common goal of the four books is to ________.

A．raise kids' environment awareness B．teach kids practical skills C．comment on kids' behavior D．make kids interested in geography

Every year from March to October, Christian Moullec, also known as “Birdman”， takes to the skies aboard his adapted light aircraft. However, the 58-year-old Frenchman's daily 30-minute flight is not just to enjoy the impressive views,

but to guide flocks of lesser white-fronted geese through safe migration paths which the

birds can teach future generations.

His deed began in 1995 when he noticed the birds' declining population in the wilds of Lapland, Sweden. To prevent their numbers from dropping further, Moullec tried to get the threatened species to follow him along migration routes that would protect them from bird hunters.

However, getting grown geese to follow his lead proved challenging. As young geese imitate and follow whomever they view as their parent, Moullec decided to raise the geese from birth.

To help raise funds and heighten awareness of his job to protect not just the geese but birds worldwide, Moullec often allows paying tourists to join him on the 30-minute-long flights aboard his aircraft. In addition to the trained birds flying

alongside them, visitors, who come from as far as a 15-hour plane flight away, are

treated to a variety of crane and goose species as well as breathtaking views of castles and cities.

He often brings his camera along for the flights, capturing photos not just for their beauty, but for what they describe. Moullec believes the use of agricultural chemicals has done harm to wild European birds, with more than a third disappearing in the last 30 years. “It's a disaster，” he said. “My beautiful images with flying birds should be used to tell this story.”

4．Why does “Birdman” always fly to the sky on his aircraft?

A．To observe geese along their migration routes. B．To follow geese through safe migration paths. C．To take visitors to operate his adapted aircraft. D．To make geese fly safely during the migration. 5．What do we know about “Birdman”？ A．He is a nature lover. B．He is a bird hunter. C．He is a bird watcher. D．He is a volunteer pilot.

6．What does Moullec often take photos on his flights for? A．Recording the use of agricultural chemicals.

B．Showing serious damage caused by chemicals. C．Describing his experiences with flying birds. D．Capturing the beautiful views of birds and cities. 7．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Birdman Guides Flocks to Learn to Fly B．Birdman Finds Birds Disappearing C．Birdman Helps Flocks Safely Migrate D．Birdman Protects Birds From Hunters

Ⅱ.完形填空

Viktor Usov has just been reunited with his cat Sasha after the cat was discovered wandering on the streets about 1,400 miles away from home. Usov said he had __1__ let Sasha play outside one night five years ago, only to have him disappear. He once assumed the __2__ result that he might have lost Sasha. Last week, however, Sasha was taken in as a healthy pet in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Upon __3__ his microchip, the staff at the Santa Fe Animal Shelter were __4__ to find that his owner lived so far away. After they __5__ to get in contact with Usov, he confirmed that the cat was his __6__ cat. Usov told reporters, “When I got the __7__， I was crazy, but not that surprised. I know this cat loves the __8__. ” Still, Usov was delighted to see his cat in Portland just __9__ after he was found in Santa Fe. “ When he __10__， I'll look after him better，” he said.

Sasha was __11__ back earlier this week. “ Our __12__ is about caring for people on life's journey and connecting them with their loved ones. We were honored to be in a __13__ to get Sasha back to his family，” a spokesperson for American Airlines told the shelter.

Murad Kirdar at the shelter hoped Sasha's story would be a great __14__ for other pet owners to get their pets microchipped—an effective way to __15__ identification. By doing so their hairy friends could always make their way home, no matter how far they are from home.

1．A.recently B．simply C．especially D．apparently

2．A.best B．worst C．luckiest D．easiest 3．A.scanning B．fixing C．gaining D．removing 4．A.disappointed B．delighted C．shocked D．anxious 5．A.failed B．arranged C．managed D．expected 6．A.lost B．energetic C．poor D．injured 7．A.certificate B．chance C．call D．request 8．A.life B．exercise C．nature D．adventure 9.A.weeks B．days C．months D．years 10.A.disappears B．recovers C．returns D．ages 11.A.shipped B．flown C．driven D．mailed

12.A.duty B．system C．attitude D．reaction 13．A.hurry B．scene C．dilemma D．position 14．A.practice B．strength C．challenge D．encouragement 15．A.support B．recognize C．forget D．destroy

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，作者在这篇文章中介绍了四本书，旨在帮助孩子们了解自然和环境，提高孩子们的环境 (保护)意识。

1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。由最后一段的倒数第二句“Readers will learn how to create cute bags from old jeans, beautiful ships from milk boxes，and more.”可知Brian Yanish教你如何用废物制作艺术品，所以B选项是正确的。

2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句中“the National Park of American Samoa, the only U．S. national park to the south of the equator”可知美属萨摩亚国家公园特别在它位于赤道以南，所以C选项是正确的。

3．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。由第一段“Here are some books which can inspire kids to think about nature and the environment.”可知这四本书的共同目标是提高孩子们的环境意识，所以A选项是正确的。高频词汇：1.recyclable adj.可回收利用的，可再循环的 2.scrap n．废品；碎片 3.monster n．怪物 4.trash n．垃圾

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了法国的“鸟人”驾驶轻型飞机引领小白额雁沿着安全的飞行路径迁徙，他还带着游客一起体验这样的旅行，目的是让人们意识到人类活动对鸟类生存产生了巨大的影响，使鸟类数量锐减，希望人们共同保护鸟类。

4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but to guide flocks of lesser white-fronted geese through safe migration paths which the birds can teach future generations”可知，“鸟人”是为了引领小白额雁安全迁徙，故D项正确。

5．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，“鸟人”驾驶轻型飞机引领小白额雁沿着安全的飞行路径迁徙，他还带着游客一起体验这样的旅行，目的是希望人们共同来保护鸟类，由此可知，“鸟人”是一个热爱自然的人，故A项正确。

6．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He often brings his camera

along for the flights, capturing photos not just for their beauty，but for what they describe.”可知，“鸟人”拍照是为了呈现这些照片反映的问题，也就是后面提到的农药加速了鸟类的数量减少，故B项正确。

7．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“However, the 58yearold Frenchman's daily 30-minute flight is not just to enjoy the impressive views, but to

guide flocks of lesser white-fronted geese through safe migration paths which the birds

can teach future generations.”可知，本文主要讲述了“鸟人”驾驶轻型飞机飞行不是为了欣赏美景，而是为了引领小白额雁沿着安全的飞行路径迁徙，故C项正确。

Ⅱ.完形填空

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Viktor Usov刚刚与他失踪五年的猫Sasha团聚。此前Sasha被发现在离家约1 400英里的大街上流浪，当地动物收容所收留了Sasha，并通过Sasha的微芯片将其送回主人身边。

1．答案与解析：B Usov说，五年前的一个晚上他只是(simply)让Sasha在外面玩，结果却发现Sasha消失了。

2．答案与解析：B 根据空后内容可推知，此处应表示Usov曾预想过最糟糕的结果，即他可能已经失去Sasha了。

3．答案与解析：A 在扫描(scanning)了Sasha的微芯片后，圣菲动物收容所的工作人员发现Sasha的主人住在如此遥远的地方，他们对此感到震惊。

4．答案与解析：C 参见上题解析。

5．答案与解析：C 根据下文故事的发展可知，圣菲动物收容所的工作人员成功地与Usov取得了联系。manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”。

6．答案与解析：A 根据第一段中的“Viktor Usov has just been reunited with his cat Sasha”并结合语境可知，Usov确认那就是他丢失的猫。

7．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“get in contact with Usov”可知，此处表示Usov接到来自动物收容所的电话。

8．答案与解析：D 根据语境并结合选项可知，Usov得知Sasha的消息时并没有感到非常惊讶，因为他知道这只猫喜欢冒险( adventure)。

9．答案与解析：B 根据第二段中的“Last week，however，Sasha was taken in as a healthy pet in Santa Fe, New Mexico”以及第三段中的“back earlier this week”可知，上周他的猫被发现在圣菲市，这周他的猫就回来和他团聚了，这中间只有几天的时间，故选B。

10．答案与解析：C 结合语境可知，此处表示Usov说他会在Sasha回来后更好地照顾它。

11．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“We were honored...a spokesperson for American Airlines told the shelter”可知，Sasha是被空运回波特兰的。

12．答案与解析：A 美国航空公司的发言人说，他们的职责(duty)是在生命的旅程中照顾人们，并将他们与所爱的人联系起来。

13．答案与解析：D 美国航空公司的发言人说他们为能够帮Sasha回家而感到荣幸。be in a position to do sth.表示“能够做某事”。

14．答案与解析：D 收容所的Murad Kirdar希望Sasha的故事能够极大地鼓励其他宠物主人为他们的宠物植入微芯片。encouragement意为“起激励作用的事物”。

15．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“By doing so their hairy friends could always make their way home”可知，微芯片是一种有效的辨别身份的方式。

Section Ⅱ Using language

Ⅰ.阅读理解

66-year-old Zhang Jinxing has been searching the ancient forests of the

Shennongjia National Nature Reserve for over two decades.

Jinxing began living in the 3,253-square-kilometer mountain range in 1994, after

becoming fascinated by the wild man, a 6-foot-tall humanoid creature covered in thick

red-brown fur. References to the so-called Chinese Wild Man date back to the Zhou

Dynasty in the works of Qu Yuan.

For 10 months out of every year, for the last 26 years, Jinxing has been living deep in the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, hoping to meet the wild man. Dressed in military gear and armed with a camera, he constantly looks for clues to the creature, living off the land and sleeping in abandoned homes and empty caves. To him, the wild man is more than just an old myth; it's a branch of science, one that he has been studying for a very long time.

Jinxing claims he has collected enough evidence of the wild man's existence—over 100 hair samples and 3,000 photos of large footprints—adding that he even came close to seeing it for himself no less than 19 times. And he is not alone in his beliefs. The Wild Man Research Association — yes, there is such a thing—records show reports of Yeren encounters from over 400 locals.

But with no concrete evidence to prove the existence of the wild man, most scientists regard it as nothing more than a legend.

The local government in Hubei is relying on the wild man to boost its tourism revenues. In 2012, the Shennongjia Forestry District signed an agreement with Beijing to promote holidays for Yeren hunters.

1．When does the earliest record of the wild man date back to?

A．2012. B．1994.

C．The Ming Dynasty. D．The Zhou Dynasty.

2．While hunting in the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, Zhang Jinxing ________.

A．seldom cooks B．takes his camera

C．rests in the tree D．carries his raincoat 3．Why was an agreement signed in 2012? A．To do research. B．To protect wildlife.

C．To develop tourism. D．To kill animals.

Australia is no stranger to wildfires. The country's weather patterns create heat and dryness, which fuel occasional bushfires in a natural cycle. However, one that started last September continues to burn, and it may not be natural at all. So far, the fire has burned 7.3 million hectares ( 73, 000 square kilometers) of land, killing at least 28 people and destroying more than 3,000 homes in the process, reported The Telegraph. Scientists say that man-made climate change has played a role in the fire's creation and

duration.

“What we have are fires that might have occurred anyway，” Peter Gleick, a US climate scientist, told Time.“But the extent, the severity, the intensity of these fires is far worse than it otherwise would have been without the fingerprints of climate change.”

According to Australia's Bureau of Meteorology, the country's temperatures have risen by more than one degree Celsius since 1920.The spring of 2019 was Australia's driest in 120 years. In December, the country saw its hottest day ever, with an average temperature of 41.9℃.

“Due to enhanced evaporation in warmer temperatures，the vegetation and the soils dry out more quickly，” Stefan，Rahmstorf, a lead author of the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fourth Assessment Report, told Time.

Worse still, researchers at the UK Bureau of Meteorology believe that wildfires like this might become“ normal conditions” in the future, according to the BBC.They looked at 57 research papers published since 2013, which examined the relationship between climate change and the risk of wildfires. They found that the link between the two had already been observed in many parts of the world, including the western US, Canada, southern Europe，and even Scandinavia and Siberia.

“These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don't do what it takes to stabilize the world's climate，” Corinne Le Quere, a professor from the University of East Anglia in the UK, told the BBC.“What we are seeing in Australia is not the ‘new normal’. It's a transition to worse impacts.”

4．What do we know about the bushfire that began last September in Australia?

A．It has done a lot of harm to people's living environment.

B．It followed the laws of nature. C．It was soon under control. D．It was started on purpose.

5．What did researchers at the UK Bureau of Meteorology learn from the 57 research papers mentioned in the article?

A．How human activities cause climate change.

B．Where deadly wildfires happen more often. C．Whether climate change brings more wildfires. D．Why climate change has drawn international attention. 6．What did Quere tell people in the last paragraph? A．The future of Australia. B．Solutions to climate change. C．The effects of wildfires.

D．The urgency of fighting climate change.

Ⅱ.七选五

As we “happen to be” the best creature in the world, it's our duty to look after other species. Here are some points which might help to protect wildlife.

Join organizations like Greenpeace and World Wildlife Fund. They have devoted themselves to protecting the earth and its animals. Many volunteers join organizations like these and work for the environment. __1__ __2__ Don't buy anything made from ivory and things like this. Baby seals are hunted for their skin, as it is used to make expensive coats. Don't buy them.

__3__ You can write a heartfelt and logical letter to the government stating your ideas about this problem and how it can be solved.

Recycle and reuse. It will reduce the need to have more raw materials to produce something. __4__ And wild animals' home will not be destroyed. Governments should create more safe zones and national parks for wild animals. __5__ Governments should apply strict laws to stop hunting. I hope this post is helpful. Share your views about this issue and let your voice be heard.

A．Stop hunting for pleasure.

B．Let your voice be heard.

C．As a result, fewer trees will be cut down. D．You can build a bird house and feed local birds. E．Refuse fur coats and medicines made from rare animals. F．You can find some organizations like these and join them.

G．There they will be able to move freely without worrying about hunters.

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了张金星二十多年来一直在神农架国家级自然保护区的原始森林寻找野人的故事。

1．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句话可知，所谓“中国野人”可以追溯到周朝。故选D。

2．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第三段内容可知：他穿着军用装备，带着照相机，不断寻找野人生存的线索，就睡在废弃的房屋和空荡的洞穴里。故选B。

3．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，湖北地方政府依靠野人增加旅游收入。2012年神农架林区与北京市签署了一份协议，以推动野人搜寻者来此地度假。由此可推断出签署协议是为了促进旅游业发展。故选C。

【语篇解读】本文介绍了2019年在澳大利亚发生的森林大火及其带来的影响，并以此告诫人们应对气候变化的紧迫性。

4．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“So far，the fire has burned 7.3 million hectares( 73,000 square kilometers) of land，killing at least 28 people and destroying more than 3,000 homes in the process”可知这场大火给人们的生活环境带来了很大的伤害，故选A。

5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“They looked at 57 research papers published since 2013, which examined the relationship between climate change and the risk of wildfires.(他们查阅了自2013年以来发表的57篇研究论文，这些论文研究了气候变化与野火风险之间的关系。)”可知，这些科学家查阅的论文讨论的是气候变化和野火的发生之间的关系，故选C。

6．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。最后一段中“These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don't do what it takes to stabilize the world's climate(这些都是我们看到的全球气候变化1度的影响。如果我们不采取措施稳定世界气候，其影响将会变得更糟)”说明了气候变暖的危害，目的是告诉我们应对气候变暖的紧迫性，故选D。

Ⅱ.七选五

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。当我们“碰巧成为”世界上最出色的生物时，我们有义务照顾其他物种。本文以此展开讨论，主要介绍了一些保护野生动物的具体做法。

1．答案与解析：F 根据空前句“Many volunteers join organizations like these and work for the environment.(许多志愿者加入像这样的组织，为环境工作。)”可知，

你可以参加一些这样的组织。故选F。

2．答案与解析：E 根据下文“Baby seals are hunted for their skin，as it is used to make expensive coats.(人们猎杀海豹幼崽是为了它们的皮，因为它被用来制作昂贵的大衣。)”可知，要拒绝毛皮大衣和稀有动物做成的药。故选E。

3．答案与解析：B 根据空后句“You can write a heartfelt and logical letter to the government stating your ideas about this problem and how it can be solved.(你可以给政府写一封真诚的、合乎情理的信，陈述你对这个问题的看法以及如何解决它。)”可知，要说出你的心声。故选B。

4．答案与解析：C 根据空后句“And wild animals' home will not be destroyed.(并且野生动物的家园不会被摧毁。)”可知C项符合语境。

5．答案与解析：G 根据空前句“Governments should create more safe zones and national parks for wild animals.(政府应该为野生动物建立更多的安全区和国家公园。)”可知，有了安全区，野生动物就可以自由走动，不用担心狩猎者。故选G。

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection

阅读理解

At an outdoor restaurant, a cockroach (蟑螂) flew in and landed on a woman. She started screaming out of fear; with a panic-stricken face and trembling voice, she

started jumping, with both her hands desperately trying to get rid of the cockroach. Her reaction was spreading, as everyone in her group also got into a panic. The woman finally managed to flick the cockroach away but it landed on a man in the group who continued the drama. In the relay (接力赛) of throwing, the cockroach next fell upon a waitress who had rushed to their rescue.

The waitress stood firm, calmed herself and observed the behavior of the cockroach on her blouse. When she was confident enough, she grabbed it and threw it out of the restaurant.

Sipping my coffee and watching the amusement, I started wondering: was the cockroach responsible for their funny behavior? If so, then why was the waitress not disturbed? She handled the situation to near perfection, without panic.

It was not the cockroach, but the inability of the customers to handle the disturbance caused by the cockroach that disturbed them. I realized that it was not the shouting of my children or my boss or my wife, but my inability to handle the disturbances caused by their shouting that disturbed me.

It's not the traffic jams on the road that disturb me, but my inability to handle the disturbance caused by the traffic jams. More than the problem, it's my reaction to the problem that creates chaos in my life. I understood. I should not react in life. I should always respond. The customers reacted, while the waitress responded. Reactions are always instinctive (本能的), while responses tend to be well thought out.

1．What happened in the outdoor restaurant? A．A cockroach was found in a woman's food and then a man found the same problem.

B．A cockroach appearing in the restaurant caused a state of panic among the customers.

C．The waitress had to apologize to the customers for a cockroach.

D．A woman and a man were trying to rescue the waitress from the cockroach. 2．What's the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 5? A．Disturbance. B．Success. C．Frustration. D．Harmony.

3．According to the passage, if you ran into a traffic jam, you might as well ________

A．complain your delay

B．feel upset and annoyed

C．relax yourself by listening to music D．expect someone to clear the road right away 4．What does the passage tell us? A．Speak less, do more!

B．Actions speak louder than words! C．Mind your manners while in a restaurant!

D．Don't react just from your feelings; respond positively!

People have been wondering why elephants do not develop cancer even though they have lifespans that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years.

Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the University of Chicago has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors developing. To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP53 in elephants. Most

other species, including humans, only carry one copy.

According to the research, the extra copies of the gene improve the animal's sensitivity to DNA damage, which lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can go on to form deadly tumors.

“An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution(进化) of large body sizes in many animals，” the study author Dr. Vincent Lynch told

The Guardian. If every living cell has the same chance of becoming cancerous, large creatures with a long lifespan like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice. But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass.

This_phenomenon was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named “Peto's paradox”. Biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller animals do not use. In the elephant's case, the making of TP53 is nature's way of keeping this species alive.

The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants. This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancer spreading or even developing in the first place.

“Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer，” said Joshua Schiffman, a biologist at the School of Medicine, the University of Utah. “It's up to us to learn how different animals deal with the problem so that we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people.”

5．Why are elephants unlikely to develop cancer?

A．They have a rather large body size. B．Their genes suffer no DNA damage.

C．Certain genes in their body kill existing tumors. D．They carry many genes to prevent tumors developing.

6．According to the passage, what has been a risk in the evolution of large animals?

A．Deadly tumors.

B．The huge body mass. C．Cells killing themselves. D．Sensitivity to DNA damage.

7．What does the underlined part “This phenomenon” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to?

A．Larger animals have protection from TP53.

B．The risk of cancer is not related to body sizes.

C．Larger animals suffer the same risk of cancer as smaller ones. D．The huger animals are, the bigger risk of cancer they will have. 8．What can be concluded from the passage?

A．Depending on nature is surely enough to fight against cancer. B．The TP53 genes have proved useful in stopping cancer in people. C．Humans are expected to prevent cancer with the making of TP53. D．The extra copies of elephants' genes are used to cure cancer patients.

I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't remember Mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.

I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing Mom say, “I can't believe what's printed in the newspaper this morning，” made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.

This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old

girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When Mom said, “The C－A－N－D－Y is hidden on the top shelf，”I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.

Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A's on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn't enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.

Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don't have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.

We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.

9．Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of Mom's hands?

A．She wanted Mom to read the news to her. B．She was anxious to know what had happened. C．She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart. D．She couldn't help but stop Mom from reading.

10．According to Paragraph 3, the author's reading of road signs indicates ________.

A．her unique way to locate herself

B．her eagerness to develop her reading ability C．her effort to remind Mom to obey traffic rules D．her growing desire to know the world around her

11．What was the author's view on factual reading? A．It would help her update test-taking skills. B．It would allow much room for free thinking. C．It would provide true and objective information. D．It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life. 12．The author takes novel reading as a way to ________ A．explore a fantasy land B．develop a passion for learning C．learn about the adult community D．get away from a confusing world

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一只蟑螂出现在饭店里引起了消费者的恐慌，服务员冷静地捉住蟑螂，将其扔了出去。作者通过这个故事旨在告诉人们：遇到问题时要积极地应对。

1．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“At an outdoor restaurant，a cockroach (蟑螂) flew in and landed on a woman. She started screaming out of fear...as everyone in her group also got into a panic”可知，出现在饭店里的蟑螂在顾客中引起了恐慌。故选B。

2．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。根据第五段第一句“It's not the traffic jams on the road that disturb me, but my inability to handle the disturbance caused by the traffic jams”可推知，chaos与disturbance的意思相近，意为“混乱”。故选A。

3．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据最后一段的最后一句可知，反应(reaction)总是出于本能，而作出反应(response)往往是经过深思熟虑的。因此遇到交通堵塞时，在车里听音乐放松自己是应该作出的反应。故选C。

4．答案与解析：D 考查主旨大意。根据全文内容特别是最后一段中的“I understood. I should not react in life.I should always respond”可知，作者写这篇文章是想告诫读者遇到困难时要积极冷静地应对，而不是只做些本能的反应。故选D。

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了美国芝加哥大学的一个团队发现大象携带大量阻止肿瘤发展的基因。在动物的进化中肿瘤是极大的威胁，而物种患癌症的几率和它们的体型没有关系。在大象的案例中，TP53的形成是让这个物种存活的自

然方法，因此人们有望通过合成TP53来预防癌症。

5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“A team at the University of Chicago has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors developing.”可知，美国芝加哥大学的一个团队发现大象携带大量阻止肿瘤发展的基因，所以D选项是正确的。

6．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution (进化) of large body sizes in many animals，”the study...可知，在大体型的动物的进化中，患癌症的风险增加。由此可知，它们进化中致命的肿瘤是极大的威胁，所以A选项是正确的。

7．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“But across species，the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass.”可知This phenomenon指的是物种患癌症的几率和它们的体型没有关系，所以B选项是正确的。 8．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“It's up to us to learn how different animals deal with the problem so that we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people.”可知，我们可以使用那些策略来预防人类得癌症。而根据倒数第三段最后一句“In the elephant's case, the making of TP53 is nature's way of keeping this species alive.”可知，TP53的形成是让大象存活的自然方法。由此推知，人们有望通过合成TP53来预防癌症。所以C选项是正确的。

【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，主题语境为人与自我，主题语境内容为优秀品行和正确的人生态度。本文记述了作者的母亲对作者阅读习惯养成的影响。本文侧重学生的学习能力。

9．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。本题题干意为：为什么作者想要把报纸从妈妈手里夺过来？根据本文第二段前两句可知答案为B项(她迫切地想知道发生了什么)。A项：她想要妈妈给她读新闻；C项：她迫不及待地要把报纸撕碎；D项：她忍不住要阻止妈妈阅读。

10．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。本题题干意为：根据第三段，作者读路标表明________。根据本文第三段第5、6句话可知答案为D项(她日益增长的想认识周围世界的欲望)。A项：她独特的自我定位的方式；B项：她培养自己阅读能力的渴望；C项：她提醒妈妈遵守交通规则的努力。

11．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。本题题干意为：作者对事实阅读的看法是什么？根据本文第四段第4句话可知答案为C项(它会提供真实并且客观的信息)。A项：这将有助于她更新应试技巧；B项：这将给予自由思考大量的空间；D项：这将有助于形成一种现实且认真的生活态度。

12．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。本题题干意为：作者把小说阅读看作是________的一种方式。根据本文第五段第1句可知答案为D项(逃离令人困惑的世界)。A项：探索奇幻之地；B项：培养学习的热情；C项：了解成人社区。

单元测试卷

选择题部分

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

1．Why is the man calling?

A．He needs more information about the apartment. B．He wants the man to give her some good advice. C．He wants to buy an apartment with three rooms. 2．Where will Janet probably go tonight? A．To Tom's home. B．To her hometown. C．To the concert.

3．What does the woman mean? A．Jack's performance is disappointing. B．She doesn't agree with Jack. C．Most people think basketball boring. 4．Where are the speakers? A．At the supermarket. B．In a hotel. C．In a restaurant.

5．What are they talking about? A．A company where the man works. B．A travel experience the man has. C．A new job the man wants to have.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答

时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。

6．How much did the woman's package post cost? A．$10.81. B．$12. C．$5.94.

7．In which way did the woman get to mail her package? A．First class. B．A cheaper way. C．An expensive way.

8．How long will it take for this package to go to New York? A．12 days. B．2 weeks. C．10 days. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9．What is Miss Johnson calling Mr.Zhang for? A．Asking him to a dinner.

B．Asking him to visit the factory together.

C．Discussing an important business matter with him. 10．Where is Miss Johnson staying? A．Rose Garden Hotel. B．Rose Garden. C．Garden Hotel.

11．What can we learn from the telephone dialogue? A．Miss Johnson is a businesswoman from Canada. B．Mr.Zhang is the manger of the factory. C．Miss Johnson has not been to the city. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12．Who is Teddy Jones?

A．A doctor. B．An actor. C．A reporter. 13．What happened to the main character? A．He suffered from cancer. B．He got married to a girl. C．He wanted to be a doctor.

14．What can we learn from the dialogue? A．TV audiences know many famous doctors. B．Barbara played a role on the TV show. C．Teddy liked the role he played very much. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15．What is the man famous for? A．Doing business.

B．Collecting coins. C．Teaching maths.

16．How does the man get the coins for his collection? A．He trades for rare and old ones. B．His uncle often gives him some. C．He asks for some from his friends. 17．Who is the woman?

A．A teacher. B．A saleslady. C．A journalist. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．Why are some people against seat belts?

A．It may trap the driver and passengers while the cars are on fire or sinking. B．It's very troublesome to wear it. C．It will make the cars on fire or sink.

19．How many car-accidents lead to fire and sinking? A．Half of them.

B．More than half of them. C．Less than half of them. 20．What is the article about?

A．More and more people are killed in the car-accidents. B．Argue about seat belts.

C．Seat belts cause more people to lose their lives. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

If you're short on cash, you don't have to pay for an expensive gym membership to get in shape. Below are some choices for you! And the best is that they don't cost a penny!

Nike ＋Run Club and Nike Training Club

Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays, various locations

Nike's free run club with coaches and pacers opens to anyone who wants to learn how to run like the professionals. Besides, there's the Nike Training Club for all health levels, covering boxing and other exercise. It's not one for men, though—the classes have a women-only policy. Call up in advance for participation(参与)!

Our Parks

Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays

This brilliant program works with local communities to bring free health group classes across the city. They're led by qualified instructors and you can join anything

from the body-building club at the Olympic Park to yoga in Victoria Park—just

remember to register(注册) online and book ahead.

Sweaty Betty's In-store Classes

Daily, various locations and times

With over 70 classes to pick each week, it's no wonder Mums crowd into Sweaty Betty to keep their health on track. But to sign up for a class, it's fastest fingers first—places can be booked up to a week in advance so simply register online and watch out for a free spot.

Sweatshop Running Community

Sundays to Thursdays, various locations and times

Running can be a lonely old task. Sweatshop's run clubs, held at branches across London, aim to make it a little more social. We'd recommend this for more experienced runners—the entry level distance is 5 kilometers—but a pace keeper at the back means you won't be left behind. Ready to work up a good sweat? Just go to the events listed on their website!

21. Which of the four programs admits women only? A．Our Parks.

B．Sweaty Betty's In-store Classes. C．Sweatshop Running Community. D．Nike Training Club.

22．How can you join Sweatshop Running Community? A．By calling up in advance. B．By registering online and waiting. C．By showing up at the intended spot. D．By booking a week earlier. 23．What's the purpose of the passage? A．To offer exercising courses for beginners. B．To advertise free body-building programs. C．To give advice on how to do physical activities.

D．To create a communication platform for runners.

Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater's 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup

was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building's end.

The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed

Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.

Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theater's location (位置) was also a reason.“This used to be the center of town，”he said. “Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses. ”

Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.

The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time.

After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.

24．In what way was yesterday's cleanup at the Plaza special?

A．It made room for new equipment. B．It signaled the closedown of the theater. C．It was done with the help of the audience. D．It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater. 25．Why was The Last Picture Show put on? A．It was an all-time classic.

B．It was about the history of the town. C．The audience requested it. D．The theater owner found it suitable. 26．What will probably happen to the building? A．It will be repaired.

B．It will be turned into a museum. C．It will be knocked down.

D．It will be sold to the city government. 27．What can we infer about the audience? A．They are disappointed with Bradford. B．They are sad to part with the old theater. C．They are supportive of the city officials.

D．They are eager to have a shopping center.

Ola Orekunrin is the founder and managing director of the for-profit company,

Flying Doctors Nigeria Ltd., the first emergency (紧急情况) air ambulance(救护车) service in the country.

In Nigeria, where road conditions can be poor, and rural clinics are often unprepared to deal with major medical emergencies, Flying Doctors has become a

lifesaver, airlifting patients from remote areas to hospitals, and providing care on the way.

London-born Orekunrin was inspired to set up the company after her 12-year-old

sister died. When she was still in medical school in the U. K．， her sister was on holiday in Nigeria and unexpectedly needed emergency treatment. The nearest clinic wasn't able to treat her. The family tried to find an air ambulance to move her to the hospital, but the quickest-available service was far away in South Africa .Her sister had

died by the time a flight became available.

“ I was filled with deep sadness and almost anger，” Orekunrin says. “I wanted to come to Nigeria and try to contribute in some way. ”

After studying other models of emergency air ambulances in the U. K. and other parts of Africa, Orekunrin knew it would be the most effective way to help patients access the proper facilities in a large area that is often difficult to travel by car.

But getting_Flying_Doctors_off_the_ground_wasn't_easy. Orekunrin began by renting aircraft as a way to keep costs down. She then established partnerships with hospitals across Africa and abroad and started her company nearly five years ago. The company now has 20 helicopters and jets and a staff that includes seven senior flight doctors.

Orekunrin has also worked toward improving medical care across Nigeria. Flying Doctors now provides scholarships for medical students and has established partnerships with rural non-governmental organizations, such as the Starlite Hopes

Initiative, in Nigeria's Delta State, which offers care to the poor.

Orekunrin hopes to keep finding new ways to improve medical services in Nigeria. The young doctor knows there are challenges ahead, but as she's already shown, not even the sky is the limit.

28．What does Flying Doctors do?

A．It provides people with free care. B．It transports patients quickly. C．It improves clinics' services. D．It helps to build roads.

29．Orekunrin came up with the idea of setting up Flying Doctors because of ________.

A．her major

B．her sister's tragedy C．the big profits it could make

D．the success of such services in the U. K.

30．The underlined words in the text mean “________”．A.the helicopters couldn't take off

B．the company didn't start smoothly

C．the doctors weren't used to working in the air

D．the nation wasn't ready for air ambulance services 31．Which of the following can best describe Orekunrin? A．Caring and determined. B．Honest but bad-tempered. C．Qualified and friendly. D．Clever and single-minded.

Giving generously and receiving gratefully make it easier to live happily with others.

Yet, why do we have such difficulty accomplishing these things in our relationships?

Let me start with the idea of giving generously. I think people are unwilling to be generous to others because they fear to be used. For example, my husband and I have family members who only contact us when they need money. We usually accept their requests, but we rarely receive a “thank you”. Most people would say that my husband and I are being used, and I suppose we are. But when we give, we shouldn't be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude or praise. Rather, we should be giving because it's the good thing to do. A “ thank you” is merely the_icing_on_the_cake. Everything that we have, from our ability to wake up each morning to the money in our bank account, is a gift from the world. In return, the world asks us to use these gifts to help others, either by giving them our time or our resources.

The good news is that when we live our lives being nice to others, our lives run more smoothly(顺利地) .

If you're generous, yes, some people will use you. But if you practice being generous, most of your relationships will improve.

And at the same time, we should remember to receive gratefully. I truly believe that you cannot say “thank you” enough. So often we get lazy about expressing gratitude. Parents can feel unappreciated by their children, and teachers can feel unappreciated by their students. Just because a task is part of someone's job description doesn't mean that you shouldn't thank them for it.

Words of appreciation make others feel good about themselves like nothing else. It's good for us to say “thank you” because we regularly need to remind ourselves of how lucky we are. And hearing those two words can make us feel great for days.

If you are looking for a secret solution to improve your life, I can give you one: Give generously and receive gratefully.

32. The author mentions her family members in the passage mainly to explain ________.

A．why we should give even if we feel we are being used

B．why people have trouble expressing gratitude C．why we should accept whatever others request

D．why it's necessary to express gratitude or praise

33. What does the underlined phrase “ the icing on the cake” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?

A．something that is necessary

B．something that is not of much help C．something that leads to an unexpected result

D．something that makes an experience better

34. According to the author, why should we be grateful to those who help us? A．Because it makes us feel lucky.

B．Because words of gratitude delight people. C．Because it's not other people's duty to help us. D．Because all we normally get are gifts from the world. 35. What's the purpose of writing this passage? A．To stress the importance of being generous.

B．To persuade people to give generously and receive thankfully. C．To show how to express our gratitude to others. D．To give tips on how to improve other people's lives. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Farmers, especially in developing countries, are often criticized for cutting down forests. But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value of keeping trees.

Researchers using satellite images found at least ten percent trees cover more than one billion hectares of farmland.__36__ The study found the most tree cover in South America. __37__ North Africa and West Asia have the least. And it also found that climate conditions alone could not explain the tree cover in different areas. __38__ There are areas with few trees but also few people, and areas with many trees and many people. The findings suggest that things like land rights, markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.

Dennis Garrity heads the World Agroforestry Center. __39__ The problem, he says, is that policy makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.

The satellite images may not show what the farmers are using the trees for, but trees provide nuts, fruit, wood and other products. They provide windbreaks and shade. __40__ Even under drought conditions, trees can often provide food and a way to earn money until the next growing season.

A．Almost all of it is covered by trees.

B．Nor could the size of nearby populations, meaning people and trees can live

together.

C．He says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees.

D．He devotes most of his time to making people realize its importance. E．Next comes Africa south of the Sahara, followed by Southeast Asia. F．They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies. G．That is almost half the farmland in the world. 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Tim Ma's parents once opened a restaurant, which unfortunately closed. Ma's parents hoped he would become an engineer. They wanted financial security for their child. So Ma __41__ studying electrical engineering in college. But Ma wanted to __42__ the restaurant business after he'd done several engineering jobs. It was in his blood. After all, his parents had owned a Chinese restaurant, so had his uncle. Because of their own __43__， his parents disapproved and asked Ma to think it over. Ma remained __44__， though. He was going to do things differently since he learned from the major __45__ of his parents as restaurant owners—they knew little about cooking. So, at age 30 Ma __46__ to school—a cooking school. He determined to study the fundamentals of cooking in order that he could work as a __47__ in his own restaurant. When his first restaurant Maple Ave opened, he cooked, and even __48__ equipment because he had no repairman. Finally his long hours __49__. Ma opened his fourth restaurant Kyiersan. For Ma, Kyiersan is a __50__ name. It comes from his old family name, Kyin, and the Chinese words for 1 － 3.The numbers __51__ his three children. “ And I simply __52__ them all together and called it Kyiersan.” He __53__ his training in cooking with Chinese tradition to create new dishes. Part of Ma's success is due to the __54__ menu and food. But a lot of it __55__ comes from his hard work. 41．A.thought about B．gave up C．got through D．ended up

42．A.enter B．change C．quit D．reform 43．A.decision B．achievement C．failure D．dream 44．A.upset B．firm C．excited D．hesitant 45．A.challenge B．business C．mistake D．skill 46．A.adapted B．replied C．responded D．returned 47．A.chef B．baker C．manager D．waiter 48．A.purchased B．polished C．fixed D．checked 49．A.paid off B．worked out C．went up D．broke down 50．A.common B．special C．strange D．simple 51．A.emphasize B．fit C．attract D．represent

52．A.pushed B．collected C．classified D．linked 53．A.compares B．covers C．equips D．mixes 54．A.traditional B．ordinary C．complex D．creative 55．A.never B．just C．yet D．even

非选择题部分

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 56.________ (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury

works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 57.________ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 58.________ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.

Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 59.________ (declare) she had no plans 60.________ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene

said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 61.________ ( make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 62.________ because I want to.”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put Grandma forward. When we got a call 63.________ ( say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 64.________ joke. But then

we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 65.________( wonder)．”

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节应用文写作(满分15分)

如今人们越发意识到保护自然环境，尤其是保护野生动物的重要性。假定你是中学生李津，你所在的学校以“Save the Wild Animals”为主题开展了英语演讲比赛，请你就该主题在比赛上发表演讲，主要内容包括：

生存空间变狭小

野生动物面临的问题

面临灭绝的危机

人们为了获取它们的毛、皮、牙齿、肉而捕杀

它们

人们保护野生动物应采取的行动注意：1.词数不少于100；

严禁杀害稀有物种严惩猎杀野生动物者建立国家公园作为保护区

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was a very hot afternoon. My friend Leah and I were waiting for the rush hour train. We were tired and couldn't wait to get back to the place where we were living.

When the train arrived, we got into the second carriage from the front. The air-conditioning wasn't working at the rear (后部), so the front was particularly crowded that day. I sat by the window admiring the changing landscape.

Suddenly we felt an enormous pressure pushing us backwards into our seats. The windows broke into tiny pieces and dust flew around violently. I could barely open my eyes.

The train was suffering from a crash, and it didn't feel as if it were going to stop. When it did, I thought, I would be dead. I thought about my husband Guy, who was supposed to receive the news first. I thought of my dear father and other family members, wondering how each would deal with my death.

Voices began to break through my thoughts. People were anxious. Strangely, I was totally calm. I wasn't panicking; my heart wasn't even beating fast. When the train finally stopped, we slowly stood up, pushing off the table that had fallen onto us; others stayed in their seats and many were injured and covered in blood. I could hear screaming. A soldier pushed the damaged door open for us to escape.

Our carriage had run out of rails and we were halfway home. We had a lot of blood on us and I searched my body for wounds, but I didn't find any. My knees felt painful and my hips were black and blue, and Leah had her hand cut when jumping off the train, but that wasn't serious.

Helicopters landed and we saw soldiers running in and out. All around us were ambulances (救护车), and people lying on the ground. Everyone was shouting for help. I rang Guy, who was very calm and said he would come and get us. Seeing all these brought me great emotional hurt.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

It was almost dark by the time we found Guy and he drove us home. ____________________________________________________

In the days that followed, / convinced myself / had internal bleeding____________________________________________________

答案及解析

第一部分

答案：

1—5 ACBBC 6—10 CBAAA 11—15 BBACC 16—20 ACACB 听力材料： Text 1

M：Hello, I'm calling about the apartment you advertised. Could you tell me more about it?

W：Well, there are three rooms and a bath. Text 2

M：Would you like to come over and study tonight, Janet? W：Oh, I'm sorry, Tom. I forget to tell you that my parents are in town and they want to take me to the concert tonight.

Text 3

M：Jack seems to think that this year's basketball season will be disappointing.

W：That's his opinion. Most others think differently. Text 4

M：Good morning. My name is Max. I believe you have a room reserved for me. W：Just a minute. Mr Max. Let's see—Max—yes, Mr Max, Room 101. Would you

just fill in this form, please?

Text 5

W：Look, it sounds they want a junior sales manager and it seems like it's a big company. That'd be good, so you might have to travel a lot.

M：Do they say anything about experience? Text 6

W：I'd like to mail this package to New York.

M：How would you like to send it? W：First class, please.

M：OK, let's see. It's twelve pounds, so that will be ten dollars and eighty-one

cents.

W：Ten dollars and eighty-one cents?

M：Yes. That's a pretty heavy package you've got here.

W：Oh, I suppose it is. Tell me, is there a cheaper way to mail it? M：Sure, it can be sent by package post, but it will take longer to get there. W：How long will it take?

M：Let me see. To New York from here it will take about twelve days. W：How much will it cost?

M：Let's see now. Twelve pounds, package post... that will cost five dollars and ninety-four cents.

W：OK, I think I'll send it by package post. Text 7

W：May I speak to Mr.Zhang, please?

M：Speaking. Who is calling? W：Miss Johnson of Dell Computer. M：Oh, Miss Johnson. How are you? W：I'm fine, thank you, and you? M：I'm OK. When did you arrive here? W：Just this morning, about two hours ago. M：Where are you staying?

W：The usual place, Rose Garden Hotel. It is so quiet and beautiful. And its service is nice.

M：How long are you going to stay this time? W：Just a day or two. I'll have a look at the factory and have another business to discuss with you. Could you come over to have lunch with me today at one o'clock?

M：OK. I'll see you at one o'clock then. Goodbye!

W：Bye, see you! Text 8

W：Welcome to TV Talk. Today's guest is Teddy Jones. Hi, Teddy! M：Hi, Barbara.

W：Teddy, you play the lead role on Inner-City Doctors, the popular new TV show. How do you like it?

M：Well, it's great, Barbara, just great. When I first read the story, I knew I couldn't miss out on this special show.

W：And now TV audiences are popular with these doctors' stories. M：Right. And the show deals with some big topics. Well, I'll tell you what. We'll have a sad event soon. My character is told that he gets a cancer.

W：Oh, no. And just after he gets engaged? M：Yes. My character learns that life and something people take for granted is very precious.

W：A good lesson for a doctor! Well, we're out of time. Thanks! M：Bye! Text 9

W：Professor Jones, you're well-known in town as a professor of mathematics at

the City College. We're writing about what professional people do in their spare time for our paper. May I ask you a few questions about your favorite hobby?

M：Sure, I love discussing my hobby with people. I'm a coin collector.

W：How long have you been collecting coins?

M：Since I was 12 years old. My uncle gave me a book with spaces to put coins into.

W：How did your interest grow?

M：I filled that book and continued to look at the coins that passed through my hands, searching for rare and old ones.

W：Where do you find the coins for your collection? M：Sometimes in my pocket change, but usually I buy them from other collectors or trade for others.

W：What does your collection consist of now?

M：I have over 5,000 valuable coins which have doubled in value. W：You seem very business-like in your hobby.

M：Well, do you think so? But my hobby is mainly based on interest.

W：Thank you for the answers, Professor Jones. I think people will like to read about your hobby.

Text 10

In many countries now the drivers and front passenger are told to wear seat belts. Most doctors believe that seat belts save people from being seriously hurt in an accident. But there are some people who still think that it is more dangerous to wear a seat belt than not to wear one. They say that a seat belt may trap one in a car that is burning, or

that has fallen into a river or the sea and is sinking.

But less than half of car accidents lead to fire or sinking, and in any case, a seat belt may easily save a person from being killed. He or she is able to undo the seat belt immediately and get out of the car that is on fire or sinking.

Some people who are against seat belts also sometimes say that without one, one may be thrown right out of a car if an accident happens. But doctors will tell you that that is the last thing one wants to happen: if one is thrown out of a car, one hits something, usually the road, and usually hard and at a high speed. So it is better to remain inside in the case of an accident.

Now, I hope you can see why it is necessary to wear a seat belt. 第二部分

第一节

【语篇解读】本文给读者介绍了几个免费的健身项目，详细介绍了它们的参加时间、地点、面对群体以及如何参加等。

21．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。由Nike＋Run Club and Nike Training Club部分中的“It's not one for men, though—the classes have a womenonly policy”可知，这个项目只针对女性。故选D项。

22．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由Sweatshop Running Community部分中提到的内容可知，只要去他们的网站页面上列出的活动就行了，即在预定地点出现即可，故选C项。

23．答案与解析：B 考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知，本文主要是在介绍免费的健身项目。故选B项。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。经营了75年的一家影院在放映完最后一场电影后关门了，观众们眼含热泪依依不舍。老板为什么做出这个决定呢？

24．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building's end”可知，答案为B项。

25．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate.”可知，答案为D项。

26．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“which plans to build a shopping complex on the land”可知，买家打算在这里修建一栋综合购物大楼，由此推断出不久之后这家影院就要被拆毁了，所以答案为C项。

27．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building”可推断出，与这家老影院分离，观众非常伤心难过，所以答案为B项。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Orekunrin的妹妹在尼日利亚度假时遭遇

意外，由于没有得到及时的医治而不幸身亡，这让Orekunrin决定在尼日利亚开创空中救护服务。

28．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“airlifting patients from remote areas to hospitals”可知，这个公司可以用飞机快速及时地把偏远地区的病人送到医院。

29．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Londonborn Orekunrin was inspired to set up the company after her 12yearold sister died”及第四段中的“I was filled with deep sadness and almost anger”可知，妹妹的死亡让Orekunrin很悲痛，并萌生了建立空中救护服务公司的念头。

30．答案与解析：B 考查句意理解。根据本句后的内容中的“began by renting aircraft as a way to keep costs down” “established partnerships with hospitals”和“started her company nearly five years ago”可知，Orekunrin为了创办这个公司采取了很多措施，直到大约五年前才建立它，由此可以推测出这个公司的创办之路并不顺利。

31．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“try to contribute in some way”，第五段中的“help patients access the proper facilities”以及倒数第二段的内容可以看出，Orekunrin关心他人；从Orekunrin克服种种困难，最终成功创办公司及最后一段中的“as she's already shown，not even the sky is the limit”可以看出，Orekunrin意志坚定。故选A。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者阐释了自己的论点：慷慨给予和感恩接受有助于改善人际关系，提高生活品质。

32．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据文章第三段可知，作者通过自己和丈夫被亲戚寻求金钱上的帮助的例子来阐述自己的第一个论点，即我们要慷慨地给予，哪怕是被他人利用，因此答案为A项。B项和C项不是作者通过例子想阐述的论点，D项是作者的第二个论点。

33．答案与解析：D 考查词义猜测。作者认为，我们要慷慨地给予，这不是为了被感激或是被赞扬，而是因为这是件好事，感激只不过是锦上添花而已，由此可推断答案为D项。其他三项均不符合语境。

34．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据文章第八段可知，作者认为感激之词可以让他人有很好的感受，也能提醒我们自己有多么幸运，因此答案为B项。

35．答案与解析：B 考查主旨大意。通读全文，作者写这篇文章是为了告诉读者要慷慨地给予，同时也要感恩地接受，因此答案为B项。

第二节

【语篇解读】文章介绍了现在世界上农田树林占有的面积还是很大的，农民正意识到树木对人和环境的重要性。

36．答案与解析：G 根据设空处的前一句“Researchers using satellite images

found at least ten percent trees cover more than one billion hectares of farmland.”可知，此处在说树木在农田中的覆盖量的问题，G项“那几乎是世界上农田的一半。”符合上下文语境。故选G。

37．答案与解析：E 根据设空处前后可知，此处在说树木在世界各地的覆盖率的排名。E项“接下来是撒哈拉以南的非洲，然后是东南亚。”符合语境。故选E。

38．答案与解析：B 根据设空处的前一句“And it also found that climate conditions alone could not explain the tree cover in different areas.”可知，此处在讲述造成不同地区树木覆盖率不同的因素。B项“附近的人口规模也不能意味着人和树木可以共存。”是在讨论人口和树木的关系，符合上下文语境。故选B。

39．答案与解析：C 根据设空处后一句“The problem，he says，is that policy makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.”可知，问题在于政策制定者和规划者迟迟不承认这一点，并不支持这种努力。C项“他说农民们正在采取行动独自保护和种植树木。”讲的是现在农民做出的努力，与后文承接，故选C。

40．答案与解析：F 根据设空处所在段的内容可知，这里在讲述树木的用途，F项“它们还有助于防止土壤流失和保护水供应。”也是树木的一个重要作用，所以F项内容符合上下文语境，故选F。

第三部分第一节

【语篇解读】 Tim Ma放弃了作为电机工程师的工作，进入烹饪学校学习，通过自身努力进餐饮行业并取得成功。

41．答案与解析：D 根据第二段中的“after he’d done several engineering jobs”可知，Ma最终在大学里学习电气工程。

42．答案与解析：A 根据下文提到Ma开饭店的内容可知，此处表示他想从事餐饮行业。enter在此处意为“开始从事”。

43．答案与解析： C 根据文章开头提到的“Tim Ma's parents once opened a restaurant，which unfortunately closed”可知，Ma的父母曾经开过饭店，但是后来倒闭了。所以此处表示由于他们的失败(failure)，他们不同意Ma的想法。

44．答案与解析：B 根据下文Ma从事餐饮行业并取得成功可知，Ma对自己的想法十分坚定( firm)。

45．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“they knew little about cooking”可知，Ma的父母对烹饪知之甚少，所以他从父母的主要错误中吸取教训。

46．答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，在30岁那年，Ma回到学校，即烹饪学校。

47．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的he cooked以及“He__53__ his training in cooking with Chinese tradition to create new dishes”可知，Ma学习烹饪知识是为了在

自己的饭店当厨师(chef)。

48．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“because he had no repairman”可知，Ma甚至还自己维修设备。

49．答案与解析：A 根据下文提到的Ma开了第四家饭店可以看出，Ma长时间的付出终于得到了回报(paid off)。

50．答案与解析：B 根据下文对店名的由来的介绍可以看出，这个名字对于Ma而言是特别的(special)。

51．答案与解析：D 饭店的名字Kyiersan是他将原本的家族姓氏和数字1－3的中文拼音糅合在一起得来的。数字1－3代表(represent)他的三个孩子。

52．答案与解析：A 参见上题解析。

53．答案与解析：D 此处讲述的是Ma的烹饪方法，即他将在学校接受的培训与中国传统相结合。mix“(使)混合，掺和，融合”。

54．答案与解析：D 根据上文中的“create new dishes”可知，Ma的一部分成功在于店里创造性的(creative)菜单和食物。

55．答案与解析：B 尽管Ma的成功在于大胆创新，但是他大部分的成功只是因为努力工作。

第二节

【语篇解读】年龄不是限制，拥有一种年轻积极的心态非常重要。文章介绍了90岁的老人被授予“年度最佳女性”称号及其背后的故事。

56．答案与解析：being 考查非谓语动词作介词宾语。句意：一位90岁的老人因为是英国最年长的全职雇员而被评为“年度女性”。她仍然一周工作40个小时。设空处作前面介词for的宾语，故此处需填名词或动名词形式。又因所给词为be，故应填其动名词形式being。

57．答案与解析：which 考查非限制性定语从句。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the pet shop。将先行词代入定语从句后为：She opened the_pet_shop with her late husband Les.由此可见，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，且指“事物”，故填which。

58．答案与解析：finally 考查副词。句意：在一位客户提名她为柴郡的年度女性之后，她多年的努力工作终于得到了认可。根据文章中的句子结构可知，设空处修饰谓语动词，作状语，需要用所给词的副词形式。故填finally。

59．答案与解析：declared 考查时态。本句为主从复合句。设空处作proud Irene的谓语动词。后面的“she had no plans...”为宾语从句。根据上下文可知，设空处的谓语动词应该用一般过去时，故填declared。

60．答案与解析：to retire 考查非谓语动词作定语。设空处作前面名词plans的定语。名词plan，ability等后面多用不定式作定语。故填to retire。

61．答案与解析：have made 考查时态。句意：我喜欢到这里来看我的家人和我多年来交的所有朋友。friends后为定语从句。根据后面的时间状语“over the

years”可知，设空处应该用现在完成时，故填have made。

62．答案与解析：but 考查连词。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。根据句子意思可知，设空处与前面的not构成“not…but…”(不是……而是……)结构。故填but。

63．答案与解析：saying 考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：当我们接到一个说她入围了的电话时，我们认为这是个玩笑。设空处作a call的后置定语。名词call与动词say之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故填现在分词saying，相当于which said。

64．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。joke为可数名词，意为“玩笑”，在此处表示泛指，故填a。

65．答案与解析：wonderful 考查形容词作表语。设空处作前面系动词is的表语，表示It的特征，故填wonderful。

第四部分第一节参考范文：

Dear teachers and students，

Good morning, I'm glad to stand here to give you a speech. Today my topic is “ Save the Wild Animals”. As we all know, the number of wild animals is dramatically decreasing, because the environment that they are living in has changed greatly. For example，with the development of cities, their living areas have become narrower and narrower.Many wild animals, confronted with food crisis, are facing the danger of extinction. At the same time，people capture and kill the endangered species just for getting their fur, skin, teeth and meat.

As a result, the relevant departments and people must come up with some plans and put them into practice. To start with, the killing of rare species should be prohibited. Besides, those who capture wild animals intentionally should be severely punished. Last but not least, more and more national parks should be set up as natural reserves for the conservation of wild animals.

Only if we human beings take some strong measures can wild animals be preserved，

Thank you! 第二节参考范文：

It was almost dark by the time we found Guy and he drove us home. Slowly I realized what we had just been through. My father arrived later to find me unable to eat, sleep or talk, in a condition of confusion and fear. Why wasn't I injured? Why did I survive? I think it was a mixture of luck and that we fastened our safety belts, so the force of the crash pushed us into our seats, rather than across the train.

In the days that followed, I convinced myself had internal bleeding. I went to hospital, but doctors told me that I was fine; I think it was just part of the emotional hurt

I was feeling. I had survived one of the worst ever train crashes—eight people died and at least 200 were injured in that train crash. But I did escape from the terrible disaster fortunately. Even now, no one knows why it happened.

Unit6 Survival

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.阅读理解

The kakapo, a bird that lives in New Zealand, is in danger now. Weighing up to 4 kilograms, it is the world's fattest parrot. It mates (交配) only when the rimu tree is in fruit, which happens every few years. It developed gradually in the absence of land-based natural enemies, so instead of flying above the trees it walks like a duck across the dry forest floor. When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it, it will stand still.

Such unusual characteristics turned it into fast food for human settlers and other creatures. It seemed to have disappeared by the 1970s, until scientists came across two undiscovered populations in the country's south. These survivors were eventually moved to small enemy-free islands, where researchers spent decades trying to get them

to breed (交配繁殖)．

The scientists' patience was finally rewarded. The rimu tree was in fruit this year, and more than 80 baby kakapos were born, making this the best breeding season on record. Many have survived into adolescence, increasing the number of adult kakapos by a third, to 200 birds.

Another danger to the kakapo is a lack of genetic diversity. This is one reason why fewer than half of kakapo eggs hatch. By sequencing the genome (测定基因组序列) of every living bird, scientists can identify closely-related individuals and put them on

different islands. Every bird is fitted with something to record its slightest movement. If a female mates with an “unsuitable” male, the process can be stopped.

All these efforts cost New Zealand almost $1.3 million this breeding season. Yet the kakapo's future still looks unsafe. Earlier this year a severe disease spread through the population. And tiny as the number of kakapos is, space is running out on the two islands where most of them live. New enemy-free shelter must soon be found.

1．Which of the following is a danger to the survival of the kakapo?

A．It is the smallest bird in the world. B．It lacks exercise and usually stands still.

C．It adapts slowly in genetic development. D．It can't respond actively when facing danger. 2．In what way may the scientists' patience be rewarded? A．They hatched more than 80 kakapos' eggs this year. B．They tried to make the rimu tree in fruit this year. C．Two survivors were moved to enemy-free islands. D．50 chicks hatched have survived into adults this year. 3．Why did the scientists put kakapos in different islands? A．To stop closely-related kakapos mating. B．To increase the population of kakapos. C．To stop females mating with males. D．To hatch more kakapos' eggs.

4．According to the author, the efforts to protect the kakapo in New Zealand are ________.

A．successful B．unsafe C．doubtful D．inadequate

Can you survive an unannounced storm? Although there is expert broadcasting and we are equipped with cellphones, there're still some examples when the fierce weather takes us by surprise.

While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the coast of Africa giving plenty of early warning, sudden Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico hurricanes form and move rapidly in less than a day's time, endangering everyone and everything in their path.

There have been oil workers trapped off the coast when sudden storms appeared. Field archeologists have been stuck in seaside areas without storm warnings. A few decades ago, a Texas National Guard group was trapped on the beach by rain-forced

flooding and had to ride out a major hurricane during a training exercise. There've been a few cases where travelers were trapped on an island or in a seaside area and unable to escape in time.

Escaping from the storm-threatened areas is generally a choice for most of us —

but not for all. Each year thousands of islanders across the Caribbean face the danger of hurricanes without a public shelter to hide in. Most ride out the storm in their homes.

But there're a few things you can do to prepare yourself for some unexpected emergencies. Being prepared for the unexpected may be your best and only defense. If you're headed outdoors for a few days or weeks, you should always carry a flashlight with extra batteries, a GPS device, and a basic medical box. If you're traveling in your car, remember you may suffer from high winds. You'd better not stay inside to avoid being blown away along with your car. Keeping your head and your courage up is crucial to survival in any type of danger. Let common sense guide you and always be prepared for the worst.

5．According to the text, most Atlantic hurricanes ________. A．form in the Caribbean Sea B．come from Gulf of Mexico C．develop off the coast of Africa D．are from the Pacific Ocean

6．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The bad situations of oil workers. B．People trapped by sudden storms. C．The danger of traveling on an island. D．The Texas National Guard group. 7．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To give some advice. B．To encourage traveling.

C．To underline the danger of hurricanes. D．To give some warnings.

8．In which part of a website would you most probably find the text? A．Food. B．Sports. C．Life. D．Culture.

Ⅱ.完形填空

I walked into my daughter's room as she was working on a science project. Normally, I would have been pleased about such a(n) __1__. But this time, her project involved much sand. While she'd put sheets of plastic under her work area, the sand was __2__ all over our new floor.

My daughter felt my displeasure and began to __3__ herself. “I used sheets of plastic！” she responded irritably. I responded more __4__， “But the sand is getting all over！”

“Where else am I supposed to do it？” she __5__.

“Why didn't she admit that she had done something __6__？” I thought to myself. I felt my __7__， thinking of what her life would be like in the future if she couldn't __8__ her mistakes?

My fear was translated into more anger, this time about how __9__ it was to admit mistakes. We had a quarrel. She said something disrespectful to me and __10__ her voice.

I wished this had __11__ happened before. But my daughter and I were in embarrassment and felt terrible.

So I thought that I needed a good __12__ to respond to my daughter. So I went to my wife and asked how I should have __13__ it.

“Sweetie，” she said, roleplaying in the __14__ with my daughter, “there's a lot of sand here and we need to clean it up before it destroys the floor. How can I help

you？”

That's really a great way to deal with it: first identify the problem, next state what needs to be done and then offer to __15__. It's simple, right? 1．A.accident B．sight C．arrangement D．item

2．A.spreading B．flowing C．decorating D．lying 3．A.protect B．express C．defend D．save 4．A.calmly B．angrily C．politely D．nervously 5．A.announced B．smiled C．nodded D．shouted 6．A.wrong B．unnecessary C．dangerous D．unusual 7．A.sadness B．disappointment C．fear D．excitement 8．A.avoid B．hide C．make D．realize 9.A.possible B．important C．natural D．interesting 10.A.lowered B．lost C．raised D．heard 11.A.seldom B．never C．always D．sometimes 12.A.chance B．excuse C．way D．belief

13.A.handled B．accepted C．understood D．tolerated 14.A.course B．conversation C．play D．adventure 15.A.help B．leave C．give D．stay

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们为了保护新西兰的一种濒临灭绝的鸟类鸮面鹦鹉所作出的一些努力。

1．答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据第一段最后一句“When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it，it will stand still”可知，当它摇摇晃晃地穿过可能会杀死它的东西时，它会静止不动。再结合第二段第一句可推知，当鸮面鹦鹉面对危险时，它不能做出积极的反应，这对鸮面鹦鹉的生存来说是一种威胁。故选D。

2．答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The scientists' patience was finally rewarded. The rimu tree was in fruit this year, and more than 80 baby kakapos were born, making this the best breeding season on record”可知，科学家的耐心终于得到了回报。80多只雏鸟破壳而出，这是有记录以来最好的繁殖季节。故选A。

3．答案与解析： A'考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容可知，鸮面鹦鹉面临的另一个威胁是缺乏遗传多样性。通过测定每只活鸟的基因组序列，科学家可以

识别出亲缘关系很近的个体，并把它们放在不同的岛屿上。由此可知，科学家们把鸮面鹦鹉放在不同的岛屿上，是为了阻止鸮面鹦鹉近亲交配。故选A。

4．答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容可知，然而，鸮面鹦鹉的未来看起来仍然不安全。今年早些时候，一种严重的疾病在鸟群中肆虐。尽管鸮面鹦鹉的数量很少，但它们生活的这两个岛屿上的空间已经所剩无几。由此可推知，作者认为保护新西兰鸮面鹦鹉的努力是不够的。故选D。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了飓风给人们带来的危害，同时给读者就如何应对突如其来的飓风提供了一些建议。

5．答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the coast of Africa giving plenty of early warning”可知大部分的大西洋飓风是在非洲海岸形成的，所以选C。

6．答案与解析：B'主旨大意题。根据第三段中的关键词：oil workers, Field archeologists, a Texas National Guard group和travelers可知，这段主要讲的是被飓风困住的人。所以选B。

7．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But there're a few things you can do to prepare yourself for some unexpected emergencies.”可知，这段主要介绍了一些建议——怎样为预料之外的紧急情况做准备。所以选A。

8．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。文章介绍了飓风给人们带来的危害，同时给读者提供了一些关于如何应对突如其来的飓风的建议。所以是和人们的生活密切相关的文章，所以选C。

Ⅱ.完形填空

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者与女儿发生了争执，然后向妻子请教解决办法的故事。

1．答案与解析：B'根据上文中的“I walked into my daughter's room as she was working on a science project”可知，此处指通常作者会很高兴看到女儿进行科学项目的情景。故选B项。

2．答案与解析：A'根据语境可知此处指沙子铺满新地板。下文中的“the sand is getting all over”是信息提示。此处spread是“扩散，散开”的意思。

3．答案与解析：C'女儿感觉到作者生气了，所以她开始为自己辩护。故选C项。

4．答案与解析：B'根据“she responded irritably”和空前的more可知，听到女儿生气的回答，作者更加生气了。故选B项。

5．答案与解析：D'根据语境可知作者与女儿在争执，所以女儿的声音很大。故选D项。

6．答案与解析：A'根据下文中的“her mistakes”和“admit mistakes”可知，作者认为女儿做错了事。

7．答案与解析：C'根据下文中的“My fear was translated into more anger”可知，作者为女儿意识不到她的错误而感到害怕，为女儿的未来感到担忧。故选C项。

8．答案与解析：D'根据上文中的“Why didn't she admit that she had done something __6__”中的admit可判断，此处指作者觉得女儿没有意识到自己的错误。

9．答案与解析：B'根据上文中的“thinking of what her life would be like in the future if she couldn't __8__ her mistakes”可知，作者认为承认错误是重要的。

10．答案与解析：C'由上文中的“We had a quarrel”可知，作者与女儿发生了争吵，由此可推知，此处表示女儿提高了声音。故选C项。

11．答案与解析：B'根据wished和下文中作者去寻求妻子的建议可知，作者希望这样的争执从来就没有发生过。

12．答案与解析：C'根据下文中的“That's really a great way to deal with it”可知，此处指作者需要一个好方法来解决与女儿的争执。

13．答案与解析：A'根据下文内容可知，妻子进行角色扮演，模拟与女儿的对话，从而告诉作者他应该怎么和女儿沟通。故此处表示作者询问妻子自己本应该如何处理这件事。handle“处理，应付”。

14．答案与解析：B'参见上题解析。

15．答案与解析：A'根据上文中的“How can I help you”可推断，妻子所给的方法的最后一步就是主动提供帮助。

Section Ⅱ Using language

Ⅰ.阅读理解

How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in the unnatural environment — mostly for entertainment purposes — is fair and respectful?

Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.

Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals' natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small space or cages, and most signs only include the species' name, diet, and natural range. The animals' normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don't usually take care of the animals' natural needs.

The animals are kept together in small space, with no privacy and little chance for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior

called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small space or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.

Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding (圈养繁殖) of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven't we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?

Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals' natural habitats.

1．How does the author describe the animals' life in zoos?

A．Dangerous. B．Unhappy. C．Natural. D．Easy.

2．In the state of zoochosis, animals ________. A．remain in cages B．behave strangely C．attack other animals D．enjoy moving around

3．The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by ________.

A．pointing out the faults in what zoos do

B．using evidence he has collected in zoos C．questioning the way animals are protected D．discussing the advantages of natural habitats

4．Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that ________. A．zoos have to keep animals in large cages B．most animals in zoos are endangered species C．some endangered animals are reproduced in zoos

D．it's acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats

The local government killed more than 34,000 stray dogs (流浪狗) several months ago because those officials were afraid that the dogs would spread rabies (狂犬病)．

This caused a debate across the country. Some people said that it was very cruel to dogs. There might be a better way to prevent the disease.

In the future, killing stray dogs might be seen as a crime. Last month, the Chinese government published a draft of animal rights laws. It says that a person who kills a stray dog without one good reason will be put in prison.

The draft also says that animal abuse and abandoning animals will be considered crimes under the criminal law.

The government published the draft so that the public could read it and discuss their thoughts. People have different reactions. Some think the law is good. They say other countries like Britain and Japan have similar laws. They say we will do better at protecting animals if there is one. But others say it's not crucial to fight animal abuse with a new law. Criticism and fines can do the job.

Some people also say that the draft doesn't deal with the biggest issues facing the country's development. The country should make progress to give all people equal rights, they say, before turning attention to animals.

Another part of the draft is causing discussion. It says that people should not force animals to do something dangerous, like jumping through a ring of fire. But many people enjoy watching this kind of performance at the circus, especially kids. They say that if the animal does it properly, it will not get hurt.

5．Why did the local government kill many dogs?

A．The dogs were dirty.

B．Those officials wanted to prevent rabies. C．The dogs were homeless.

D．Those officials wanted to eat the dogs.

6．Which of the following is acceptable according to the draft of animal rights laws?

A．Killing a dog with rabies.

B．Beating an animal for fun. C．Abandoning a blind pet dog.

D．Forcing a cat to jump through a ring of fire. 7．What can we tell from the text? A．All people agree with the law. B．Criticism and fines can protect animals. C．Protecting animals is the biggest issue in China. D．People have different opinions on the law. 8．What will happen if the law takes effect? A．People can't kill stray dogs any longer. B．The country won't have human right problems.

C．Kids may not be able to watch animals' performances in a circus. D．Animals will not be killed.

Ⅱ.七选五

The earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.

If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in

an earthquake is to try to leave a building. __1__ Drop to the ground. Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your head. If you're in bed when the earthquake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow.

__2__ Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse. __3__ If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout. __4__ Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.

Be prepared for aftershocks. __5__ However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.

A．Don't move along or kick up dust.

B．If you're outdoors, go to open space. C．Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. D．Don't park your car under a tree or any tall objects. E．Keep hold of your cellphone in the building.

F．They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. G．Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文讲述了动物园实际上并没有起到保护动物的作用，反而给动物带来了一些不好的影响。

1．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据第四段的第四句“Another study showed that... a sign of unhappiness and pain”可知，这些圈养在动物园里的动物不开心，故选B。

2．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据第四段的第二句“This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis”可知，这些动物在动物园里表现出了非同寻常的自残行为。故选B。

3．答案与解析：A'考查推理判断。作者首先在第一段通过反问句引起读者思考：将动物饲养在非自然环境的笼子中且主要是为了娱乐，这一行为是公平和尊重吗？然后在第二、三、四段描述动物园错误的做法，最后得出结论：不应该支

持动物园的行为。故选A。

4．答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“Captive breeding(圈养繁殖) of endangered ... worry about a species dying out.”可知作者支持一些濒危动物可以在动物园繁殖，故选C项。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。杀流浪狗事件引发了一系列的社会讨论，政府采取了措施来制止这种行为。

5．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“those officials were afraid that the dogs would spread rabies(狂犬病)”可知应选B项。

6．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The draft also says that animal abuse and abandoning animals will be considered crimes under the criminal law.”可知B、C两项不被接受，最后一段中“It says that people should not force animals to do something dangerous，like jumping through a ring of fire.”可知D项也不能被接受。

7．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。从文章的后三段来看，人们对于该草案所持的态度各不相同，故答案应为D。

8．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，该草案禁止动物进行危险的表演，所以如果草案得以实施，可能就不会再有动物表演杂技了，C项正确。

Ⅱ.七选五

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在地震发生时如何减少伤亡。

1．答案与解析：G'根据空前“One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building.”可知，地震中做的最危险的事情之一是试图离开一栋建筑物，与G项“大多数的伤害发生在建筑物内的人试图出来的时候。”相符，故选G。

2．答案与解析：B'根据空后“Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights or tall buildings.”可知，不要在树下、街灯下或高楼下避难，与B项“如果你在户外，就去开阔的空地。”相符，故选B。

3．答案与解析：D'根据空前“If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse.”可知，如果你在开车，尽快停下来，而且要远离高架桥、建筑物、桥或者其他任何可能倒塌或坍塌的东西，与D项“不要把你的车停在树下或任何高的物体下边。”相符，故选D。

4．答案与解析：C'根据空前“Don't shout.”可知，不要大叫，与C项“大叫可能会让你吸入灰尘。”相符，故选C。

5．答案与解析：F'根据空前“Be prepared for aftershocks.”可知，为余震做好准备，与F项“它们可能发生在地震后的头几个小时。”相符，故选F。

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection

阅读理解

Artemis is NASA's new lunar exploration program. Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars.

NASA's new rocket will carry the Orion spacecraft to lunar orbit. Then, astronauts will dock (对接) Orion at a small spaceship called the Gateway, from which the crew will take trips to the lunar surface in a new human landing system, and then return to the Gateway. The crew will return to Earth aboard Orion.

NASA will test the rocket and the spacecraft in flight, and then send a crew for a test flight：

•Artemis 1 will be a test flight of the SLS rocket with the Orion spacecraft with no crew.

•Artemis 2 will fly SLS and Orion with a crew past the Moon, then circle it and return to Earth. This trip will be the farthest any human has gone into space.

•Artemis 3 will send a crew with the first woman and the next man to land on the Moon by 2024.

The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon's South Pole. No one has ever been there. On the Moon, astronauts will：

•Search for the Moon's water and use it.

•Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days from home.

•Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars. The Moon is a good place to learn new science. NASA will learn more about the Moon, Earth and even the Sun. The Moon is a “test bed” for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from Earth on Mars for long periods of time.

1．What is the aim of the Artemis program?

A．To help astronauts return to Earth. B．To be ready for the landing on Mars. C．To study Mars using new science. D．To test the Moon landing spacecraft, Orion.

2．Which will be the achievement of the Artemis series?

A．Going to the Moon's South Pole. B．Making the first trip into space. C．Sending the first man to the Moon. D．Flying to the Moon with four persons. 3．What will Artemis astronauts do on the Moon? A．Send astronauts to Mars. B．Run a three-year-long test. C．Find and make use of water. D．Learn to live not far from home. 4．What can we conclude from the text? A．It is possible to live on another planet now.

B．The crew will reach the lunar surface from the Orion. C．NASA has sent the first woman astronaut to the Moon.

D．The Artemis program is of great help in Mars exploring.

The Sabi Sand Game Reserve in South Africa is one of the richest wildlife regions in the African continent. Over 200 species of mammals and 350 different birds can be found in its vast plains, grasslands and forests.

I spoke to Michael Rattray, chairman of the Sabi Sand management committee, about the management policies. “If in a thousand years' time the reserve is still a wonderful habitat for wildlife, then we will have succeeded in our mission. Various measures are being put in place. These include dealing with the problem of erosion (侵蚀). In 1996 we had abnormally high rainfall. This could have been absolutely destructive. However, we have successfully fought erosion using gabion stretchers, which are wire baskets filled with rocks. We have also used a lot of old aerial photographs, which have helped us return the land to its earlier state. This meant recreating open grassland areas to attract different types of animals，” he said.

Apart from these measures, the reserve employs a wide range of local workers. Building staff accommodation of any sort would make a big impact on the environment and would go against the aim of keeping the reserve as natural as possible. Instead, transport is provided so employees can live a normal life with their families outside the area, and the human impact is kept to a minimum (最低限度)．

Visitors to the reserve spend about six hours a day in open vehicles, observing wildlife on game drives. They are accompanied by a ranger and a local tracker. I shall never forget the moment on a game drive when a cheetah with her five cubs was pointed out to me. She was lying in a sea of long yellow grass, her markings almost invisible. We got close enough to hear her purr.

The Sabi Sand Game Reserve is a place where animals have no fear of humans. It is impossible to quantify the benefits of spending time in such an environment.

5．What helped solve the problem of erosion?

A．High rainfall. B．Gabion stretchers. C．Empty baskets. D．Aerial photographs. 6．What can we know about visitors to the reserve? A．They can walk to the open fields. B．They must have very good eyesight. C．They cannot go around the reserve alone. D．They have two ways to enter the reserve.

7．The author's experience of visiting the reserve can be described as ________.

A．lucky B．amazing

C．stressful D．frightening 8．What would be the best title for the text?

A．An introduction to the Sabi Sand Game Reserve B．The importance of protecting wildlife

C．Some advice on visiting the Sabi Sand Game Reserve

D．The Sabi Sand Game Reserve—the biggest wildlife region

What would it be like to live on Mars? Volunteers are spending eight months in an area that looks much like the surface of Mars. They are isolated (孤立) high on top of Mauna Loa, a volcanic mountain on the Big Island of Hawaii, living on a simulated (模仿的) or make-believe, Mars Base.

The project called HI-SEAS is in the charge of Kim Binsted. She says this wild

environment is as close to Mars as you can find on Earth. Because it is so high, the land is not warm or rich with plants, like the rest of Hawaii.

“You will see there is really no visible plant life or animal life. And you have got this wonderful volcanic material.”

Mauna Loa, 2, 500 meters above sea level, is geologically very similar to Olympus Mons on Mars and almost as tall as the Martian mountain. When measured from its base, deep in the ocean, Mauna Loa is the second largest mountain in our solar system, after the one on Mars.

The six-member HI-SEAS crew is mostly self-sufficient. Food and supplies are

brought to them. But the individuals bringing those supplies cannot communicate with volunteers inside the habitat, or base.

Kim Binsted says this experiment looks at how the astronauts get along with each other. “We study how well they work together, how we can keep them happy and supported, and not wanting to kill each other over these long durations.”

Crew members communicate with the outside world through e-mails and blogs.

They also produce videos on the YouTube website. “I am really enjoying this opportunity to live here and pretend that I'm on Mars and get to learn all sorts of new

skills，” one of them said. “Whoever gets there first, the trip will not be easy，” says Kim Binsted. “It is going to be challenging.”

9．What do we know about Olympus Mons?

A．It is 2,500 meters above sea level. B．It is geologically similar to Mauna Loa. C．It is the second largest mountain on the earth. D．It is a mountain on the Big Island of Hawaii. 10．What is the purpose of the experiment? A．To set up a space station.

B．To explore new settlement for humans.

C．To prove humans can live in whatever conditions. D．To study how the astronauts treat each other. 11．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Volunteers First Explore Mars B．Volunteers Experience Life in Hawaii C．Volunteers Get Taste of Mars in Hawaii D．Volunteers Study the Environment on Mars

答案及解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了NASA新的月球探索计划Artemis。通过Artemis计划，美国将用新技术以更好的方式研究月球，并为前往火星做准备。

1．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Artemis是NASA新的月球探索计划。通过Artemis计划，NASA将使用新技术以新的、更好的方式研究月球，并为人类前往火星的任务做准备，故选B。

2．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据文中的“The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon's South Pole.”可知选A。

3．答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据文中的“Search for the Moon's water and use it.”可知选C。

4．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，月球是学习新科学的好地方。NASA将更多地了解月球、地球，甚至太阳。月球是火星的“试验台”。月球是一个表明宇航员有朝一日能够远离地球在火星上工作很长一段时间的地

方。由此可推断出Artemis计划对火星探索有很大帮助。故选D。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。南非的Sabi Sand野生动物保护区是非洲大陆物种最丰富的野生动物保护区之一。本文介绍了其基本情况。

5．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“However, we have successfully fought erosion using gabion stretchers”可知B项正确。

6．答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“They are accompanied by a ranger and a local tracker”可知，参观者需有工作人员陪同。

7．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中作者对自己经历的描述“I shall never forget the moment on a game drive when a cheetah... to hear her purr”及最后一段中的“It is impossible to quantify the benefits of spending time in such an environment”可知，作者在Sabi Sand野生动物保护区的经历令人难忘，非常精彩，故选amazing“惊人的，了不起的”。

8．答案与解析：A'考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍了南非的Sabi Sand野生动物保护区，故选A项。D项说法过于片面。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了志愿者们在看起来很像火星表面的夏威夷莫纳洛亚山上体验了在火星上生活的感觉的事。

9．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Mauna Loa,2,500 meters above sea level, is geologically very similar to Olympus Mons on Mars and almost as tall as the Martian mountain.”可知，奥林匹斯山在地质上与莫纳洛亚山相似，故B项正确。

10．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Kim Binsted says this experiment looks at how the astronauts get along with each other.”可知，金·宾斯特德说，这个实验着眼于宇航员如何相处，由此可知，实验的目的是研究宇航员如何对待彼此，故D项正确。

11．答案与解析：C'主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“What would it be like to live on Mars? Volunteers are spending eight months in an area that looks much like the surface of Mars.”可知，本文主要介绍了志愿者们在看起来很像火星表面的夏威夷莫纳洛亚山上体验了在火星上生活的感觉的事，故C项正确。

单元测试卷

选择题部分

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

1．What do we learn from the conversation? A．David doesn't study at all.

B．Jim thinks studying is the most important. C．Mike doesn't get along with his roommates. 2．How many students are there in the girl's class? A．About 60. B．About 40. C．About 36.

3．Why did the man's roommate sleep late last night? A．He read a novel. B．He watched TV. C．He studied.

4．What does the man plan to do?

A．Visit Australia. B．Look for a new job. C．Visit the woman.

5．What does the woman mean? A．She doesn't like reading in the library. B．The man doesn't like what she's reading. C．The library has nothing interesting to read. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6．Why does the man plan to leave early? A．He is going to take his son to a show. B．He is going to send some letters. C．He is going to book some tickets. 7．What does the woman offer to do? A．Clean the office. B．Finish the man's work. C．Pick up the man's son.

8．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Professor and assistant. B．Boss and secretary.

C．Workmates.

听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9．What does the man probably do? A．A doctor. B．A repairman. C．A taxi driver.

10．What is the trouble with the woman in the car? A．She is about to have a baby. B．She has been hurt in an accident.

C．She is suffering from some kind of disease. 11．Where is the man now? A．At a small hospital nearby. B．On the Lincoln Expressway. C．In the Washington Tunnel. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12．How long has the man worked hard? A．For a couple of days. B．For a couple of weeks. C．For a couple of months.

13．What will the man do first during the holiday? A．Have a good sleep. B．Have a nice dinner. C．Go on a short trip.

14．Who is the woman probably? A．The man's mother. B．The man's wife. C．The man's friend.

听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15．What kind of room does the man prefer? A．An inside one without a bath. B．A outside one with a bath. C．A single one with a bath.

16．On which floor will the man stay? A．On the 5th floor. B．On the 15th floor. C．On the 20th floor.

17．How much will the man have to pay if he leaves at 13：00 tomorrow? A．$160. B．$120.

C．$110.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18．What kind of family was Saint Nicholas born into? A．A rich family. B．A poor family. C．A well-known family. 19．What was Saint Nicholas like? A．He was humorous. B．He was shy. C．He was brave.

20．Which of the following is true?

A．Saint Nicholas dropped bags of presents down the chimneys. B．The history of Santa Claus begins in the 3rd century. C．Saint Nicholas died in 340 AD. 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

Two baby elephants were two years old and they had escaped from the herd for a fun ride as they were always under discipline (训导) from the elder ones. Both of them were caught after several hours of chasing and tied in different places as they were caught in different places. Both were shocked and sad and were refusing to touch any food including sugar cane for the entire day and night.

I was feeling sorry for the young fellows as they had not touched their food for the whole day. I decided to shift them at the earliest convenience to the jungle where they could possibly return to the normal. I made my staff get ready by 3 am to start loading them into a lorry for transporting them.

In the morning we brought Arjun — the domestic elephant there and his master asked him to drag the two young fellows nearer to the lorry for boarding, but they refused to get dragged as they were not sure why they had been tied and dragged with so many people around them. I saw their eyes were filled with sadness.

Our staff tried to push them using various means but they resisted hard. But Arjun was sympathetic towards the two young fellows and he went near them and gently touched them with his trunk and licked (舔) their genital parts and assured them of being calm. Magically we saw how the young fellows who were in sad found hope.

Soon both of them showed affection for each other through licking and touching each other through their trunks and tails. Then they were simply guided by Arjun towards the lorry like obedient students. That is how Arjun exhibited very strong passionate love and obeyed his master's order.

21．Why did the two young elephants refuse to eat any food offered? A．Because they were dissatisfied with the food. B．Because they were fed well and not hungry at all.

C．Because they were very physically tired after much running. D．Because they were unable to fit in with the environment mentally. 22．What contributed to the young elephants' boarding? A．The driving force from the staff. B．Arjun's patient comfort and love. C．Their appetite for delicious food. D．Their desire for unknown nature.

23．Which one can best describe the two young elephants' change? A．Wild — Sad — Stubborn — Hopeful. B．Excited — Angry — Happy — Moved. C．Upset — Nervous — Relaxed — Pleased.

D．Shocked — Stressed — Hungry — Calm.

The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to the African ecosystem. Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the

forest-and-savanna (稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore

setting_the_terms of existence of millions of other animals that live in its habitat. It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a changer of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and undergrowth, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces both in deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.

Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed (有蹄的) plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their

food as well.

What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of the forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.

24．What is the passage mainly about?

A．Disappearance of African elephants.

B．Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants. C．The effect of African elephants on the ecosystem. D．The eating habit of African elephants.

25．What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?

A．Fixing the time.

B．Worsening the state. C．Improving the quality. D．Deciding the conditions.

26．What can we know about the open spaces in the passage? A．They result from the destruction of rain forests. B．They are covered by few species of plants. C．They are home to many endangered animals.

D．They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds. 27．The passage is developed mainly by ________. A．showing the effect and then explaining the causes B．pointing out similarities and differences C．describing the changes in space order

D．giving examples to explain the reasons

Scientists investigated why the Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then by human-to-human contact. The research team looked at

the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gained strength. This virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa. They found that initially (最初) the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission (传播) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.

The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.

Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from Liverpool University's Institute of Infection and Global Health, explained, “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of the Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”

“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will allow us to monitor such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”

Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said, “The Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”

“Our understanding of the Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can get our specialists' skills together to close this

knowledge gap.”

Professor Miles Carroll, a coauthor of the work, said, “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”

28．What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?

A．How severe the Ebola virus is. B．How the Ebola virus spreads.

C．How the Ebola virus gradually becomes deadly.

D．What contributions scientists have made on the Ebola virus. 29．Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage? A．In the first stage, the virus hurts its victims much.

B．As the virus spreads, it'll change and become more and more deadly. C．The research on the Ebola virus is more advanced than that on other viruses.

D．The scientists have a negative attitude to the research on the Ebola virus.

30．The underlined word “fatal” has the closest meaning to ________. A．optimistic B．deadly C．common D．fantastic 31．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a science report. B．In a storybook.

C．In an advertisement. D．In a textbook.

Scientists have long struggled with how to measure the effects of climate change on wildlife. This is especially true for birds flying in and out of coastal areas bordering the Arctic Ocean.

In the past, researchers depended mainly on information gathered by satellite to follow the movement of birds and animals. But this method can be costly and result in huge amounts of information, which can be difficult to process.

Now scientists are turning to another kind of technology to help them follow birds and other wildlife. Songbirds are especially difficult to study in the wild. They can fly across thousands of kilometers and their bodies are too small for electronic tracking equipment. A new report tells about a project in which researchers recorded songbirds and then put the sounds into a computer program to be studied.

Birds are known to make more singing noises after arriving in areas where they plan to mate. Spring is short in extreme northern areas of the American state of Alaska. There, the birds must mate and have their young before winter. A algorithm (计算程序) is designed to use the recordings to predict when the birds arrive in large groups to begin mating.

While some results were produced completely by machine, human supervision (监

督) helped to improve the process. In both cases, the researchers reported the computer was correct in predicting when the birds arrived to their breeding grounds.

In another study, researchers reported how machine learning methods can be used to identify, count and describe animals in the wild. Researchers created a machine learning system that they say uses artificial intelligence or AI to identify, count, and describe the behavior of 48 animal species. They said their method can correctly identify animals at a rate of 94 percent.

The scientists said results showed AI can be used as an effective way to gather “a wealth of information” on huge numbers of animals in the wild. They say the new method will save time and costs, and can even operate in real-time.

32．Why are songbirds especially difficult to study in the wild?

A．Because they fly too fast. B．Because of the climate change. C．Because there are too much information.

D．Because of the long flying distance and their small bodies. 33．To track songbirds, what does the first study focus on? A．Their destination. B．Their sounds. C．Their young babies. D．Their movement.

34．What are the advantage of using the machine learning system to follow birds and other wildlife?

A．It can provide too much information to deal with.

B．It can save time and money.

C．It doesn't need humans to attend in the process.

D．It can identify animals in the wild at a rate of 100 percent. 35．What's the main idea of the passage? A．New technology used to track wildlife. B．How to protect animals in the wild. C．How to track birds by satellite. D．New progress on artificial intelligence. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

My aunt got sick after her only son died. She was beginning to forget things. Simple tasks became a challenge for her.

__36__ Then she went through chemotherapy (化疗) and radiation. Although she could still walk and talk, she forgot a lot of things that happened in the past and even conversations that had taken place a few days before.

My grandmother became my aunt's caretaker. After school, I would go to my grandmother's home until my mom got off work. __37__ I started preparing

meals and talking to my aunt to keep her company.

As my aunt's symptoms developed, she could not stand for a long period，so we began assisting her as she walked. __38__ This was the hardest part for me. But I did it to help my grandmother. After a while I began administering medicine and massaging (按摩) my aunt's legs to help with the circulation.

__39__ I didn't think I had the courage to help someone who was sick or who could not look after himself. But after assisting my aunt I began to care more about the needs of others. Seeing someone so strong and passionate (热爱的) for life fall sick to the point where she needed assistance with things most people take for granted was a new understanding. __40__ This experience not only changed my view on life, but also inspired me to consider becoming a physician's assistant, or another career where I can help others.

A．Next I was asked to help bathe her.

B．My heart became soft for the needs of others. C．She had been cancer-free for about four years.

D．After some tests, we were told that she had brain cancer.

E．I realized that we all need help in life, whether physical or mental. F．This experience changed how I viewed old people and the sick.

G．During this time my grandmother started asking me to help her care for my aunt.

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse (松鸡). It's __41__ for a grouse to have any contact (接触) with people. In fact, they're hard to spot, __42__ they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.

This grouse came into our lives in __43__. Tom was working out in the field when he noticed her walking around at the edge of the field. She was surprisingly unafraid and seemed to be __44__ about what Tom was doing. Tom saw the __45__ bird several times, and she got more comfortable around him. We quickly grew __46__ of the bird and decided to call her Mildred. One day, as Tom was working, Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch. Tom __47__ he didn't see her and kept working to see what she would do next.

Apparently, she didn't like to be __48__. She'd run up and peck (啄) at Tom's hands, then __49__ off to see what he would do. This went on for about 20 minutes, until Mildred became tired of the __50__ and left.

As spring went and summer came, Mildred started to come out more and more often. __51__ Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Tom's leg and stay long

enough for me to get a __52__ of the two of them together. This friendly grouse soon felt __53__ not just with our family, but with anybody who walked or drove by.

When the hunting season opened, we put a __54__ at the end of our driveway asking hunters not to shoot our pet grouse. My father, who lived down the road, __55__ warned people not to shoot her. In fact, hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her.

41．A.interesting B．reasonable C．impossible D．unusual

42．A.though B．because C．unless D．until 43．A.spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 44．A.crazy B．curious C．concerned D．cautious 45．A.shy B．awkward C．friendly D．elegant 46．A.careful B．tired C．fond D．sick 47．A.supposed B．realized C．hoped D．pretended

48．A.ignored B．observed C．amazed D．disturbed 49．A.put B．back C．set D．take 50．A.game B．work C．place D．man

51．A.Eventually B．Suddenly C．Constantly D．Presently 52．A.chance B．dream C．picture D．sense 53．A.comfortable B．guilty C．anxious D．familiar 54．A.lantern B．sign C．gun D．loudspeaker 55．A.just B．yet C．thus D．also

非选择题部分

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As a man was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped, confused by the fact 56.________ these huge creatures were being held by only a thin rope tied to their front leg. No chains, no 57.________ (cage). It was obvious that the elephants could, at any time, break away from their bonds. But for some reason, they did not.

He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these elephants just stood there and made no attempt 58.________ (get) away. “Well，” the trainer said, “when they are very young and much 59.________ (small), we use the same size rope to tie them, and at that age, it's enough to hold them. As they grow up, they 60.________ (condition) to believe they cannot break away. They believe the rope can still hold them, 61.________ they never try to break free.”

The man was amazed. These elephants could at any time break free from their bonds but because they 62.________ (believe) they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.

Like the elephants, how many of us go through life 63.________ (hang) onto the belief that we cannot do something, 64.________ (simple) because we failed in it once before?

65.________ (fail) is part of learning. We should never give up the struggle in life.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节应用文写作(满分15分)

假定你是学生李华。今年9月将赴美国进修学习4个月。请给你的美国笔友Peter写一封邮件，希望他能帮你找一个合租房。要点如下：

1.对房子的要求； 2.对室友的要求； 3.表达感谢。注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Peter， I am writing to ask a favor of ____________________________________________________

Yours， Li Hua

第二节读后续写(满分25分)

you.

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. The cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didn't see some rain soon we would lose everything. It was on this day that I learned the true lesson of sharing and witnessed the best miracle I have ever seen in my life.

I was in the kitchen making lunch for the family when I saw my six-year-old son,

Billy, walking toward the woods. I could only see his back. He wasn't walking with his usual steps. He was obviously walking with great effort... trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the

house. I went back to make sandwiches, thinking that whatever he had been doing was completed. Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow purposeful long step toward the woods. This activity went on for over an hour: walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.

He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked, being very careful not to spill (溅出) the water he held in them. I stepped close as he went into the woods. Branches and thorns slapped his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He might have a much greater purpose, I thought. As I came closer, I saw the most amazing sight. Several large deer stood in front of him. Billy walked right up to them, at the sight of which I almost screamed for him to get away. A huge buck (雄鹿) was dangerously close. But the buck neither threatened him nor even moved as Billy knelt down. And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lifting its head with great effort to lap (舔) up the water cupped in my boy's hands.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。

When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house. I followed him back to the tap. ____________________________________________________

This time I joined him, with a small pot of water from the kitchen. ____________________________________________________

答案及解析

第一部分答案：

1－5 BACAB 6－10 ABCCA 11－15 BBACC 16－20 BAABC

听力材料： Text 1

W: David, how are you getting along with your new friends?

M: Very well! I have two roommates. Jim is the kind of person who puts studying before everything; Mike is the opposite.

Text 2

M: How do you come to school every day?

W: About twenty of us come by bike，about twenty by bus, and the other twenty walk.

M: Then，how many boys are there in your class? W: There are thirty-six.

Text 3

W: David，is your roommate a hard-working student?

M: Yeah. He always stays up late at night. Last night he didn't go to bed till 2 am. Text 4

W: I hear that you're planning a trip for next summer，Jack. M: I hope to visit Australia if I can save enough money.

W: Good! It is an interesting place. If I have enough time, I will go with you. Text 5

M: Hello! Glad to meet you in the library. Read anything good recently? W: Nothing you would like. Text 6

W: John，I thought you were going to leave early today to take your son to the show.

M: I'm still planning to，but I can't leave until I finish typing all the letters. W: Can't you leave that until tomorrow?

M: No. The boss wants them first thing tomorrow morning. W: How many have you left? M: About 5.

W: Why don't you just go ahead，John? I'll do the letters for you.

M: Thank you very much，Janette. You're so kind.

Text 7

W: Hello. This is the emergency 911 operator. M: Help，help! Please help me!

W: Yes，sir. Please calm down and explain exactly what is happening.

M: Calm down? My car has broken down on the freeway. I have a lady passenger，and she's going to have a baby.

W: Explain exactly where you are.

M: I'm... I'm on the Lincoln Expressway, heading south, about 15 miles from the Washington Tunnel，and this lady isn't going to wait.

W: OK. What's your name, sir? And your passenger's name? M: It's... it's Bob，and I have no idea about the woman. She's in no condition to tell me.

W: I've just sent an ambulance to your position. They should be there any second now.

M: Hey，is there anything I can do while we wait? W: Uh, yes, keep her calm and warm. Text 8

M: Oh，great! I finally have a short break after working for such a long time! W: I am so glad to hear that. Anyway, you have worked hard for a couple of weeks. But what's your plan?

M: Er, maybe I will have a good sleep first. You know, I have a couple of days to rest.

W: I admire you so much! But only that?

M: I will take my wife out for dinner. She is always saying that she has never been invited by me after the wedding.

W: Oh, how romantic! Have you thought about going shopping with friends? M: Oh，no. Instead, I will go on a short trip with my friends to the West Mountain. W: Wonderful! You will have a good time. M: And then we will have a picnic there. W: Wow. Good plan! Text 9

W: Good evening, sir.

M: Good evening. I'd like a single room for tonight. W: Yes, sir. Did you book a room earlier? M: I am sorry，I didn't.

W: Don't worry. Let me check it. With or without a bath? M: Better with a bath if possible.

W: We have an inside room with a bath on the fifteenth floor，and an outside room without a bath on the fifth floor.

M: But how much are they?

W: The room with a bath is 80 dollars per night, and the one without a bath is 55

dollars. You will have a discount if staying for a week.

M: Thanks, but I am only planning to stay for a night. And I will take the room with a bath. What's the checkout time?

W: 12：00, sir. M: That means you charge for a full day if I don't check out by then，regardless of my check-in time?

W: Yes，that's right. M: Oh, I see, Thanks. W: You are welcome. Text 10

You may like the fat, happy man who brings presents to kids on Christmas Eve. But do you know why he's called Santa Claus and why he is dressed in red? The history of Santa Claus begins in the 4th century with a man called Saint Nicholas. Saint Nicholas lived in Myra, which is now called Turkey. He came from a rich family，but he felt sorry for poor people and decided to give them all his money. Nicholas，though, was shy and didn't want people to know he gave them money. So he climbed onto the roofs of houses on Christmas Eve and dropped bags of money down their chimneys. He wore red clothes when he did this. Nicholas died in 340 AD.

第二部分

第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。两只脱离群体的小象被工作人员捉住后，拒绝饮食，工作人员准备把它们放至丛林中，但工作人员和一只驯养的象Arjun无论如何也不能把它们拖上车，这时这只聪明的象Arjun耐心地用爱来感化它们，成功地说服了这两只小象上车。

21．答案与解析：D'细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Both were shocked and sad and were refusing to touch any food including sugar cane for the entire day and night.”可知，这两只小象拒绝饮食是因为它们被捉之后心里不开心，也就是心理上不能适应这里的环境，故选D。

22．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But Arjun was sympathetic... assured them of being calm.”以及最后一段中的“Soon both of them showed affection for each other... obedient students.”可推断出，是Arjun耐心的安慰和爱促使这两只小象乖乖地上车。

23．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Two baby elephants were two years old... from the elder ones.”可知，一开始这两只小象桀骜不驯，选择脱离群体来摆脱大象们的束缚；再根据第一段中的“Both were shocked... day and night.”以及第三段中的“I saw their eyes were filled with sadness.”可知，这两只小象被工作人员捉住后不开心；根据倒数第二段中的“Our staff tried to... they resisted hard.”可知，这两只小象十分倔强，不愿上车；再根据倒数第二段中的“Magically we saw... found

hope.”以及最后一段中的“Then they were... like obedient students.”可知，它们被Arjun的爱感化后，渐渐对未来怀有希望，最终上了车。故答案为A。

【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了非洲象对非洲生态系统的重要影响，并解释了具体原因。

24．答案与解析：C'考查主旨大意。文章主要讲述了非洲象对非洲生态系统的影响。分析选项可知选C。

25．答案与解析：D'考查词义猜测。根据上下文内容可知，大象对生态系统的影响很大；此处是指大象塑造了它赖以生存的森林和大草原的环境，因此这决定了其他许多生活在它栖息地中的动物的生存条件。分析选项可知选D。 26．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters”可知，在这些开阔的空间中有许多处于不同生长阶段的植物，它们吸引着各种其他的食草动物。故选D。

27．答案与解析：A'考查推理判断。综合整篇文章来看，其采用的写作方法是先说明影响，然后解释了具体的原因。故选A。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了埃博拉病毒爆发于西非，该病毒传播的范围广、速度快、危害性极强。

28．答案与解析：C'主旨大意题。由文章第一段内容可知，科学家通过调查，解释了为什么埃博拉病毒是致命的，且在动物与人群中，人群和人群间传播得如此之快，说明了病毒传播的范围逐渐扩大，危害性逐步加深，故选C。

29．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。由文章第二段“The team analyzed the viruses at different stages... disease.”可知，研究小组得出埃博拉病毒发展存在不同阶段。由文章第五段中的“The Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa，”可知，埃博拉病毒对人破坏性的感染，严重影响了西非的经济。故可得知，随着病毒的传播，埃博拉病毒会逐渐变化，而且致死性越来越强，故选B。

30．答案与解析：B'词义猜测题。由上下文可知，埃博拉病毒具有致命性的危害，由此结合选项的词义可知，只有deadly具有此意。optimistic意为“乐观的”；deadly意为“致命的，致死的”；common意为“普通的；共有的”；fantastic意为“异想天开的”，故选B。

31．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。文章主要围绕埃博拉病毒进行说明的，故可得知本文是一篇科普类说明文。因此，本文可能摘自于科学报告中。science report意为“科学报告”；storybook意为“儿童故事书”；advertisement意为“广告”；textbook意为“教科书，课本”，故选A。

【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，主要介绍了两种新的跟踪野生动物的技术。 32．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Songbirds are especially difficult to study in the wild. They can fly across thousands of kilometers and their bodies are too small for electronic tracking equipment”可知D项正确。

33．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A new report tells about a project in which researchers recorded songbirds and then put the sounds into a computer program to be studied”及第四段的内容可知，第一个研究的焦点是鸣禽的声音。

34．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But this method can be costly and result in huge amounts of information”以及文章最后一段中的“the new method will save time and costs”可知，新方法可以节省时间和金钱。

35．答案与解析：A 考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了两种新的跟踪野生动物的技术。故选A项。

第二节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。通过照顾得癌症的姑姑，“我”不仅改变了原先对老人和病人的看法，而且认识到人都会有需要帮助的时候，无论是身体上还是精神上。

36．答案与解析：D'结合第一段中的“forget things”和“Simple tasks became a challenge for her.”以及本空后面的“Then she went... radiation.”可知，D项“经过一些检查，我们被告知她得了脑癌。”符合语境。三者之间是顺承关系。

37．答案与解析：G'根据本空前面的“After school, I would go to my grandmother's home until my mom got off work.”可锁定G项中的“During this time”，本空后面的“I started... company.”是对G项“在这段时间里，奶奶开始让我帮她照顾姑姑。”的补充说明。

38．答案与解析：A'根据本空前面的“As... we began assisting...”和本空后面的“After a while I began...”可锁定A项中的“Next”，设空处与上下文为递进关系，故A项“接着我被要求帮忙给她洗澡。”符合语境。本空后的This即指代帮姑姑洗澡。

39．答案与解析：F'根据本空后面的“someone who was sick or who could not look after himself”可锁定F项中的“old people”和“the sick”。

40．答案与解析：E'根据本空前面的“a new understanding”可锁定E项中的“I realized”，看到曾经强壮的、对生活充满热情的人病倒并需要帮助的时候，“我”有了新的认识。“我”意识到我们所有人在生活中都会需要帮助，无论是身体上还是精神上。

第三部分第一节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的丈夫在地里干活时，无意中发现了一只松鸡。令人称奇的是，这只松鸡根本不怕人，逐渐与作者一家成了好朋友。周围的人们，包括猎人们，都很喜欢它。

41．答案与解析：D'下文语境题。根据下文“In fact，they're hard to spot”可知，这种松鸡平时很难看到，与人主动接触更是罕见。

42．答案与解析：B'上下文语境题。上下文之间是因果关系，所以用because连接。因为松鸡听到有人靠近就会飞走，所以人们很难看到它们。

43．答案与解析：A'下文语境题。根据倒数第二段第一句的“As spring went and summer came”可知，这只松鸡是在春天进入我们生活中的。

44．答案与解析：B'下文语境题。根据第四段第一句中的“Mildred came within a．.. watch”可知，这只松鸡似乎对作者的丈夫所做的事情很好奇。be curious about“对……感到好奇”。

45．答案与解析：C'上文语境题。这只松鸡很愿意与人接触，因此看起来很友好。根据倒数第二段最后一句也能得出答案。其他形容词不符合语境。shy“害羞的”；awkward“尴尬的”；elegant“优雅的”。

46．答案与解析：C'上下文语境题。作者一家人越来越喜欢这只松鸡，并且给她取了一个名字。grow/be fond of“喜爱”。

47．答案与解析：D'上下文语境题。根据语境可知，作者的丈夫假装没有看到这只松鸡，继续在地里干活，想看看接下来这只松鸡会做什么。

48．答案与解析：A'下文语境题。根据下文描述的松鸡的动作可知，这只松鸡很不喜欢被别人忽视，于是主动上前进攻作者的丈夫。

49．答案与解析：B'上下文语境题。松鸡跑上前，用嘴啄汤姆的手，然后向后退，想看看汤姆会怎么做。back off“后退”。

50．答案与解析：A'上文语境题。上文描述的松鸡的行为就好像是与汤姆做的一种游戏。后来，松鸡厌倦了这种游戏，然后走开了。

51．答案与解析：A'上下文语境题。事情发展的结果越来越有趣，最后，这只松鸡居然跳到汤姆的腿上玩耍。

52．答案与解析：C'上下文语境题。作者把松鸡跳到丈夫腿上玩耍的镜头拍摄下来，于是有了一张合影。

53．答案与解析：A'上下文语境题。很快，这只松鸡不但感到与作者一家人相处很自在，而且与任何从她旁边经过的人都相处得很自在。

54．答案与解析：B'上下文语境题。狩猎季节来到了，作者一家在自家车道的尽头竖了一个牌子，请求猎人们不要射杀这只松鸡。

55．答案与解析：D'上下文语境题。根据上下文内容可知，作者的父亲也警告人们不要射杀这只松鸡。

第二节

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一个人因为大象的事情而感到困惑，他去请教驯兽师，被告知大象因为自己认为自己不能逃脱而习惯于被束缚。

56．答案与解析：that'考查同位语从句。设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容，that不作句子成分，不可以省略。

57．答案与解析：cages'考查名词复数。句意：没有链子，(也)没有笼子。根据前面的chains可知此处用复数。

58．答案与解析：to get'考查非谓语动词。句意：他看到附近有一位驯兽师，就问为什么这些大象只是站在那里，不试着逃脱。make no attempt to do sth.“不尝试做某事”。

59．答案与解析：smaller'考查形容词的比较级。此处表示与现在相比“更小”的时候，且前有much修饰，故用形容词的比较级。

60．答案与解析：are conditioned'考查固定用法。句意：随着它们长大，它们已经习惯了相信它们不能逃脱。be conditioned to“习惯于”。

61．答案与解析：so'考查连词。设空处前后为因果关系，所以用so。 62．答案与解析：believed'考查动词的时态。根据前边的could和宾语从句的时态可知用一般过去时。

63．答案与解析：hanging'考查非谓语动词。hang和主语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词短语作状语。

64．答案与解析：simply'考查副词。此处应用副词作状语。

65．答案与解析：Failure'考查名词。句意：失败是学习的一部分。此处为名词作主语。

第四部分第一节参考范文：

Dear Peter，

I am writing to ask a favor of you. This September, I am going to have you help me find a proper accommodation for four-month further study in the USA.

Can you find one flat with a kitchen? I am not quite used to the western food, so I would like to cook myself. Besides, Internet connection is a must for me to submit some assignments. To lower the cost, I prefer to share the flat with a friendly and easy-going native English speaker so that I can practice my spoken English. I would be grateful for your help.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours， Li Hua

第二节参考范文：

When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house. I followed him back to the tap. Billy turned it on and began to cup both hands. He knelt down，letting the drip slowly fill up his “cup”. And now I knew what was going on. Obviously, he was afraid of being scolded for wasting water, so he avoided asking me for help. When he stood up and turned back, I walked toward him. His eyes were filled with tears. “Mom, I'm not wasting.”

This time I joined him, with a small pot of water from the kitchen. I let him tend to the baby deer alone while I just helped fetch the water. As the tears that rolled down my face began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops... and more drops... and more. I looked up at the sky. It was as if God, himself, was weeping with pride. I couldn't believe it was raining!

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新教材外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册全册课时练习题及各单元测验 含解析

新教材外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册全册课时练习题及各单元测验含解析