上海市黄浦区2020届高三上学期期末质量调研(一模)英语试卷(word解析版)

高三英语答案解析版

II. Grammarand VocabularySection A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill inthe blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For theblanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the givenword; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Asleep on a plane: a case for window scats

I love tosleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions ] I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when 2 (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy hcadagainst the wall of the plane for a bit 3 (much) comfort.

Some 4 argue that the aisle (走廊)scat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we're all getting our drinks and snacks

5 few seconds. Also, 1 find that if a person knows he's in a window scat, he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he 6 (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he'll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the scatmatc needn't 7 (bother) more than once.

As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, 8 I've been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country 9 (shrink) into the distance,and the butterflies in my stomach when I see (he horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement arc 10 keep me coming back ,flight after flight, to my window seat. 【答案】1-whenbooking 3. more 4. can/ mayevery 6. doesn't need

【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：近年来，恢复(拯救)濒危语言的举措越来越多。A. enrich丰 富；B. purify净化；C. refresh使恢复；D. slandardize标准化。空后说这些努力往往集中在 两个主要领域：濒危语言的文献，以及努力增加使用濒危语言的年轻人和整个社区，这些 是恢复濒危

语言的举措，故C项正确。

【点睛】本篇第11度较大，抓住全球化对偏远社区的影响是关键，根据上文中的“As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously 10 language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area's majority language.”可知，随着全球化的力量使世界联系更加紧密，偏远的语言社区面 临着参与更大经济的压力，所以作为对全球化带来的这种参与更大经济的压力的回应，当 地学校开始教授主要语言，而不是当地语言，故C项(In response)正确。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Eachpassage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each ofthem there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits bestaccording to the information given in the passage you have read.

(A)

Many of China's ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin andLiang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife teamwere among the first preservationists to operate in China and by far the bestknown. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people (o speak out forarchitecture (hreatened by the rush toward development.

BecomingChina's best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country.In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China's remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule

(骡子)or on foot. Inns were often dirty food could be polluted, and there was always risk or violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.

Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha's Light, in Wutai County, ShanxiProvince. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A. D., making it thcoldcst building known in China at (he lime.

Liang and Lin crawled into the temple's most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine itsage, including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions ofbedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. \"In complete darkness andainong the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our nosesand mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last wc came out to take a breath of fresh air, wc foundhundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of myyears hunting for ancient architccturc.^^ Liand wrote of the experience in anaccount

included in “Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China's ArchitectualPast?,On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s,Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT A. accommodationsB. personal security

C. road conditionsD. vehiclesLiang and Lin raised public awareness of. A. documenting smashed historical buildings B. rebuilding historically valuablebuildings C. saving the oldest temples in China D. Protecting historical buildings.

36. While exploring the Temple of Buddha's Light, A. Liang and Lin caught insects wi(h awful smell. B. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe inside C. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped for

D. Liang and Lin determined its age by studyingbedbug's hideawayWhich of (he following is the best title for thepassage?

A. Crcativcncss results in discoveryB. Difficulty produces achievement C. Efforts contribute to happinessD. Responsibilities make development 【答案】36. D 37. D 38. C 39. D

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了梁思成和林徽因夫妇为保护中国古建筑而做出 努力，他们的 努力提高了公众保护历史建筑的意识。

【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的\"Exploring China's remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule or on foot. Inns were often dirty food could be polluted, and there was always risk or violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.”可知，在 20 世纪 30 年 代探索中国偏远地区意味着用骡子或步行走泥泞、维护不善的道路（糟糕的路况），客栈很 脏、食物往往会被污染（食宿很差），而且总会有叛军、士兵和强盗的威胁（个人平安没有 保障），以上三点是梁思成和林徽因在通往占建筑的路上面对的风险，而没有提到车辆，故 D项正确。

【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.”可知，他们的努力激励了一代 又一代的人，让他们为受到开发热潮威胁的建筑大声疾呼，由此可知，梁思成和林徽因提 高了公众保护历史建筑的意识，故D项正确。

【38题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Yet Ihe importance and unexpectedness of

our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”可知,然而，我们的发现的重要 性和出人意料是那些我多年来寻找古代建筑的最快乐的时光，由此可知，在探索佛光寺的 时候，梁思成和林徽因为一些出人意料地发现而感到商兴，故C项正确C 【39题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了梁思成和林徽因夫妇为保护中国古建筑而做 出的努力，他们的努力提高了公众保护历史建筑的意识，正是他们的责任促进了中国文物 保护运动的开展，故D项正确。

（B）

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40. Which statement is true of this type of printer?

A. It is a portable printer designed for home andoffice use. B. It is a multi-function printer producing high -quality photos. C. It is an easy-operation printer with a two - year free care pack. D. It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers. 41. Which of the following words best describe its^ink container”? A. AdaptableB.Automatic. C. Cost-effective.D.Eco-friendly.

42. If you order this type of printer online today,.

A. you will receiveit tomorrowB.you can returnit without beingcharged C. you can get a care pack on discountD.you can save $80. 【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D

【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一款惠普多功能打印机的相关信息。

【40题详解】细节理解题。根据Features下的“Get true- to -life photos”可知，这款打印机能够打印出真实 的生活照片,再根据“HP Photo and Document All - in - One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents, emails and web pages to rich, bright lab- quality photos - with copy and scan tools too.“可知，它是专为 家庭和其他家庭用户设计的，他们希望有一台设备能够打印从文档、电子邮件和网页到丰 富明亮的实验室级照片的所有内容，还可以当作复制

和扫描工具，由此可知，这是一台多 功能打印机，可以打印高质量的照片，故B项正确。 【41题详解】推理判断题。根据 Twice as many photos 中的“Print up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers.”可知，使用原装惠普高产量油墨容器可以打印最多两倍的页面, 由此可知，这款打机的油墨容器物超所值，故C项正确。

【42题详解】细节理解题。根据“加入购物车”图标旁的价格介绍可知，这款打印机正常价格是179.99美 元，现在的价格是99.99美元，也就是现在在线购买可以节省8()美元，故D项正确。

(C)

① Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing(o take risks than others.

② Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk -lakers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and scientists believe it to be inked to risk - taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors (接收器)which control the amountof dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.

③ researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 men and women toconiplete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of (he research were consisten) wilh similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. 1( concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamincrctors than people who arc not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.

④ Dopamine gives us a biological reason fbr risk - taking, but scientists believe there may bepsychological reasons too. Sensation - seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 19,psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation - seeking scale. His 40-item questionnaire, still used today, was given(o people who were active inseeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk - taking is not a

characteristic in itself, it is very much associated with sensation - seeking, as a high sensation - seeker does note valuate risk in the same way that a low sensation - seeker does, a desire toachieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.

⑤ There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive. 43. If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors.. A. he is less likely to feel happy B. he is more willing to take risks

C. he will eventually become dopamine - addictive

D. he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamineThe underlined phrase “consistent with^^ is closest to \"\" in meaning.

A. contrary toB. in agreement with

C. althe cost ofD. persistent inWhat can be concluded from paragraph 4? A. The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking. B. A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated. C. The sensation - seeking scale can help to evaluaterisk. D. High sensation - seekers are more common than lowones. 44. This passage mainly talks about.

A. when wc learn to take risksB. how risk - taking benefits us C. what makes risk - takersD. why we should take risks 【答案】43. B 44. B 45. A 46. C 【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了导致人们更愿意H险的两方面原因：生物原因——多巴胺；心 理原因——对快乐的渴望。

【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When a person had few active receptors (o control (he amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling”可知，当一 个人很少有活跃的多巴胺受体来控制多巴胺的接收量时，细胞就会被淹没，导致(冒险的) 极度幸福感，由此可知，如果一个人活跃的多巴胺受体较少时，他会更愿意冒险，故B项 正确。

【44题详解】词义猜想题。根据画线词后的“and had the same outcome.”可知，这个研究的结果与对老鼠进 行的结果相同，这说明两个研究的结果一致，由此可知画线词词义为“与……一致\"，故B 项正确。

【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段内容，特别是“Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk - taking, but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too”可知,科学家认为多巴胺是我们愿 意冒险的生物原因，也可能有导致我们冒险行为的心理原因，再根据\"a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.”可知,渴望获得快乐就是这 个心理原因，由此可知，对快乐的渴望可能会导致冒险，故A项正确。

【46题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段中的“There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others.“可知，本文主要 介绍了导致人们更愿意冒险的两方面原因：生物原因——多巴胺和心理原因——对快乐的 渴望，故C项正确。

【点睛】主旨大意题的难度较大，对文章主题句的把握是关键，例如本篇第4题，根据最 后一段中的“There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others.”可知，对于为什么有些人会选择比其他人更愿意冒 险，有生物学和心理学两种解释，再结合上文介绍的多巴胺和人们对快乐的渴望两方面内 容可知这是对全文的总结，由此可知，本文主要介绍了导致人们更愿意冒险的两方面原因： 生物原因一多巴胺和心理原因一对快乐的渴望，故C项正确。

Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences (han you need.

Sustainable Transport in Cities

Transporthas always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to bloomingmarket towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how arethe cities of today being shaped by a need fbr more sustainable transport?

Manylocai governments arc speeding up change through policy initiatives such asjoined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainablegaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics.And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. 47 This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meetingthat deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for theenvironment.

The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita (人均价)carbonemissions nearly ten limes higher (han (he densest, such as Singapore. 48 This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.

49 Others are using motivations and behavioral change to encourage people to choose more efficient - and often healthier - forms of transport. Copen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, whichallows people cycling at 20km /h to hit all green lights during rush hour.

Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. 5() The main options are hydrogen fuelcelis, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and (he best solution may well vary from city to city. A. Many options require city - level investment in new facilities.

B. However, it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.

C. Through their actions, city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future. D. For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero - emission capable from 2018. E. City planners are using transport - oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value.

E Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed to change how citizens travel. 【答案】47. D48. E 49. F 50. B 【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些城市的可持续交通的开展。

【47题详解】空前提到了一些城市可持续的交通，空后又说这导致了五家汽车制造商承诺在最后期 限前完工，这既符合他们自己的商业利益，也有利于环境，因此此处应该会提到一个有利 环境的交通，故D项（例如，伦敦要求所有新注册的出租车从2018年开始做到零排放） 符合语境。

【48题详解】空前提到了碳排放量与人口密度关系，空后说这涉及到围绕一个重要的交通中心聚集多 用途开发项口，如吉隆坡的区域，该区域围绕东南亚最大的火车站而建，因此此处是 说通过交通来影响人口密度，故E项（城市规划者正在利用以交通为导向的开展来增加密 度，同时保持生活质量和财产价值）符合语境。

【49题详解】空后说另一些（城市）那么利用动机和行为改变来鼓励人们选择更高效、更健康的

交通方式, 因此此处讲的应该是关于某些城市改变人们交通方式的话题，some...others构成搭配，表 示“一些……，另一些那么……”，故F项（一些城市，如德里，正在大力投资建设改变市民 出行方式所需的公共交通系统）符合语境。

【50题详解】空前说轻量化和新的发动机和燃料技术有助于提高现有公路和铁路车辆的效率，空后又说 主要选择是氢燃料电池、化石燃料混合动力车和电动汽车，最正确解决方案可能因城市而异, 因此此处应该会提到燃料和技术，并与上文形成转折关系（不确定使用哪种技术和燃料）， 故B项（然而，目前还不清楚哪些技术和燃料将会回到城市）符合语境.

【点睛】在六选四的解题过程中，一些固定搭配的句式特点往往是重要线索，例如本篇第3 题，根据空后的\"Olhers are using motivations and behavioral change to encourage people to choose more efficient - and often healthier - forms of transport.''uf 知,另一些（城市）那么利用be bothered 7. even if 9. shrinking10. what

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者乘坐飞机时总是尽可能选择靠窗的座位及其原因。 【1题详解】考查定语从句。句意：有那么一两次，我在起飞前睡着了，在着陆的冲击中醒来，却没有 意识到我们已经离开了地面。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词。ccasions并在从句中作 时间状语，故填when。

【2题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：所以在订机票时，我总是尽可能选择靠窗的座位。在when 引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句 的主语和be, I与book之间是主动关系，故填booking。

【3题详解】考查形容词比拟级。句意：这让我可以把昏昏欲睡的脑袋靠在飞机的舱壁上，稍微舒服一 点。Abit修饰形容词比拟级，故填more。

【4题详解】考查情态动词。句意：有些人可能会说，靠过道的座位更好，放腿的空间更大，可以迅速 下飞机，还可以看到零食车。空后是动词原形，所以此处填情态动词，根据句意可知此处 表示'‘可能\"，故填can/may。

【5题详解】考杳固定表达。句意：但事实上，我们每隔几秒钟都会得到饮料和零食。every few seconds 表示“每隔几秒钟”，故填every。

【6题详解】考杳时态。句意：我发现如果一个人知道他坐在靠窗的座位上，他会在登机前选择上厕所, 这样他就不必打搅邻座了。need to do的否认形式是在need前加don't,陈述的是客观事实， 用一般现在时，主语是he,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填doesn't need。

【7题详解】考查被动语态。句意：当另一个邻座人站起来时，他会抓住机会站起来，这样邻座人就不 动机和行为改变来鼓励人们选择更高效、更健康的交通方式，因此此处讲的应该是关于某 些

城市改变人们交通方式的话题，而且Olhers是重要线索，提示空处会出现some从而构 成some...others的搭配，表示“一些……,另一些那么……”，故F项(一些城市,如德里， 正在大力投资建设改变市民出行方式所需的公共交通系统)符合语境。

IV. Summary Writing51.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Online “friends” - a threat to development

The impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much - debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.

There is one element of social networking that is deeply wonying. We find ourselves in a hyper - connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show (hat this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, and display anti -social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing -empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends5 points of view. Without it, we are iar less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.

Professor Sherry Turkic suggests that people arc no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction (o their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when wc sclf-rcflcct and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.

These potential changes in our characters arc rather alarming, so it is clear that wc can't neglect those negative impacts of social networks.

【答案】Researchers say social media has a huge negative impact on us. First, excessive use of social media can cause anti -social behavior and the disappearance of empathy. Besides, social media makes people dislike solitude which can make us reflect on ourselves and touch the real self. In a word, we must pay attention to the negative impact of social media. 【解析】【分析】

本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求概括研究人员称社交媒体对我们有很大的负面影响，首先， 过度

使用社交媒体会导致行为和移情的消失。此外，社交媒体使人们不喜欢独处， 这会使我们反省自己，接触真实的自我，我们必须重视社交媒体的负面影响。注意词数耍 求和使用自己的语言。

【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。

2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要局部的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地说明原文 信息。 3、给摘要起一个好标题，比方：可以采用文中的主题句。

4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一 长。 第n卷V .Translation

Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in thcbrackets.

52 .这些平安措施仍将继续实施至下月初。(remain).完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性. (incapable)

53 .由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。(shortage).如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省 了时间和人力。(so ... that)

案】52. These security measures will remain to be implemented until the beginning of next month.

53. Self perfection is an abstract idea, which is incapable of inspiring some students to fight against inertia.

. Due to/owing (o/because of the shortage of trained teachers, it is difficult fbr some American schools to join in the competition of Chinese teaching.

55. At present, patients can so easily download their medical records that they obtain information such as test results, greatly saving time and manpower.

【解析】此题考查翻译，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。

【52题详解】考查remain的用法和时态。remain to be done表示“有待被完成”，根据时间状语可知用一般 将来时，故翻译为:These security measures will remain to be implemented until the beginning of next month.

【53题详解】考查非谓语动词和非限定性定语从句。根据句意可知本句使用非限定性定语从句，用关系 代词which指代先行词idea并在从句中作主语,incapable of doing表示“不能

做……”,inspire sb to do 表示“激励某人做某事”，故翻译为:Self perfection is an abstract idea, which is incapable of inspiring some students to fight against inertia. 【题详解】考查形式主语。due to/owing to/because of表示“由于“，后面接名词或名词性的短语，join in 表示“加入”，根据句意可知本句用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，陈述的是 客观事实,用一般现在时，故翻译为：Due to/owing to/because of the shortage of trained teachers, it is difficult for some American schools to join in the competition of Chinese teaching.

【55题详解】考察结果状语从句和非谓语动词。根据提示词可知本句用s。…that…表示“如此……以至 于“，其中that引导结果状语从句，同时用现在分词做结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果， 故翻译为：At present, patients can so easily download their medical records that they obtain information such as test results, greatly saving time and manpower. VI. Guided Writing56.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三卜.午的第四节课设置为“艺 术欣赏类课程(artappreciation)”或者“学科拓展类课程(subject expans沁n)”，现广泛征求高三 同学的意见。请发一封邮件至校长信箱(邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名)，你的邮件 内容需包括： 1 .你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；.你的理由； 2 .你希望此类课程包含哪些内容。

【答案】Dear headmaster,

I am Liming, a student from class one, grade three. I am very glad to hear that our school is planning to set the fourth lesson on Wednesday afternoon as art appreciation or subject expansion. I hope that subject expansion courses such as sinology and British and American culture can be provided. As is known to all, fbr high school seniors, the college entrance examination is the top priority, and these courses will help us prepare for it. For example, Appreciation of ancient poetry in sinology is helpful to our Chinese ancient poetry reading and writing, and having a good command of British and American culture can improve our

English reading.

In view of the reasons mentioned above, I hope subject expansion courses such as sinology and British and American culture can be offered. I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestion into consideration.

Yours truly,Liming 【解析】

【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。

【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封书信：假设你是李明，你校正在进行高 三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为“艺术欣赏类课程”或者“学科拓展类 课程”，现广泛征求高三同学的意见。请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的 校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：1.你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；2.你 的理由；3.你希望此类课程包含哪些内容。时态应为一般现在时。

第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；art appreciation （艺术欣赏类课程），subject expansion （学科拓展类课程），sinology （国学）,helpful （有帮助的），British and American culture （英美文化）,lop priority （头等大事）college entrance examination （高考）等。 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清 晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。

【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式， 高级词汇有 such as （例如），prepare for （准备），in view of （鉴于），have a good command of （精通、熟练掌握）take sih into consideration （将……纳入考虑之中），而且还使用了 非限定性定语从句\"As is known to all, for high school seniors, the college entrance examination is the top priority, and these courses will help us prepare for it.”，宾语从句“I am very glad to hear that our school is planning to set the fourth lesson on Wednesday afternoon as art appreciation or subject expansion.\"及'Tn view of the reasons mentioned above, I hope subject expansion courses such as sinology and British and American culture can be offered?*,形式宾语“1 would appreciate it if you could take my suggestion into consideration.'', 非谓语动词\"\"having a good command of British and American culture can improve our English reading/',全文没有语法错误,上下句转 换自然流畅。

必被打搅屡次r。scatmate与bother之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，情态动词needn't 后用动词

原形，故填be bothered。

【8题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：即使我已经坐了很多年的飞机，看到我即将离开的城市或国家 渐渐远去，我还是会感到很快乐。根据句意可知前后是让步关系，此处表示“即使”，故填 even if。

【9题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上，see sb doing表示“看见某人正在做某事”，故填shrinking。 【10题详解】

考查表语从句。句意：那些冒险和兴奋的感觉让我一次又一次地回到靠窗的座位上。此处 为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填what。

Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using (he words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. access B. arise C. attachment D. definitely E. partner F. potential G. shape H. stimulated I. subconsciously J. traditional K. unbankedBeyond Mobile Money: The Future of Asia's FinTech Mobilemoney has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years.But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact (交易)-the space is much more horizontal, short cutting how we create, share, and protect value.

The latest product of FinTech companies to II in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet. 1( is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends, as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to 12 with them. And, on a much deeper level, new FinTechs may 13 consumer expectations in even other tech industries. The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit -Scoring Standard

With close to half a billion 14 consumers in Southeast Asia alone, there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit - worthiness to give them 15 to finance. Unfortunately, since they don't have bank accounts, suchFinTechs cannot rely on 16 financial information or credit card payments.

Onecredit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring. It has 17 broad global support, including from the likes of the World-Bank. In one of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial

18. as it could improve customer recording, and, in tum. get an access to credit. AI Combines with the Wisdom of the Crowd

The most common slogan in today's tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence/'Readers are fascinated with how AI has the 19 to transform every consumer and enterprise （企VL） industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will 20 change the world,it leaves ou（ a crucialelement that will go hand - in - hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd. 【答案】11. B 12. E13.G14.K 15. A16. J17. H 18.C 19. F20. D

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了亚洲金融科技的未来将超越移动货币，为消费者提供更多的帮 助。

【II题详解】考查动词。句意：将要出现在亚太地区的金融科技公司的最新产品说明，除了手机钱包外, 该领域还可以为消费者提供多种帮助。分析句子结构可知本句用不定式作后置定语，此处 需要填动词原形，空后没有宾语，所以用不及物动词，根据句意可知此处表示“出现\"，故 填 【12题详解】考查动词。句意：对于所有的商人来说，了解这些趋势是很重要的，因为他们的成功为公 司与他们合作提供了各种可能性。空前的to为不定式符号，此处需要填动词原形，partner with表示“与……合伙、合作: 故填E。

【13题详解】考查动词。句意：甚至在其他科技行业，新的金融科技可能会塑造消费者的期望。情态动 词may后用动词原形作谓语，根据句意可知此处表示“塑造”，故填G。

【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：仅在东南亚就有近5亿没有银行账户的消费者，整个金融科技行业都 在致力于寻找准确确定他们信用价值的方法，以便让他们获得融资。修饰名词consumers 用形容词，根据下文中的“since they don't have bank accounts,”可知此处表示“无银行账户 的”,故填K。

【15题详解】考查名词。句意同上，作动词give的宾语用名词，access t。表示“进入、有权使用”，故填 Ao

【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：不幸的是，由于他们没有银行账户，这些金融技术不能依靠传统的金 融信息或信用卡支付。修饰名词financial information用形容词，此处是新方式与传统方式 的比拟，因此此处表示“传统的”，故填J。

【17题详解】考查动词。句意：它已经激发了广泛的全球支持，包括来自世界银行等机构的支持。此处 缺少动词作谓语，空前的“has”说明为现在完成时，所以此处填过去分词，根据句意可知此 处表示“激发”，故填H。

18题详解】考查名词。句意：亚洲开发银行在其一份报告中甚至表示，移动数据是财务附件 关键， 因为它可以改进客户记录，进而获得信贷。作介词to的宾语用名词，financial attachment 表示“财务附件”，故填C。

【19题详解】考查名词。句意：读者对人工智能如何有潜力改变每一个消费者和企业行业感到着迷。此 处缺少名词作动词has的宾语，potential to do表示“做……的潜力”，故填F。

【20题详解】考查副词。句意：虽然这样的关注是恰当的，人工智能肯定会改变世界，但它忽略了一个 关键因素，这将与它的崛起齐头并进：群众的智慧。修饰动词change用副词，根据句意可 知此处表示“肯定、无疑\"，故填D。 IH. ReadingComprehensionSection A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage,there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank withthe word or phrase that best fits the context.

Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were 21. ofwhich 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the 22 languages, most speakers are grandparents and great -grandparents. Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of23 used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the 24 of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next 25. the rate at which it is losing speakers and the 26 in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six - pointscale from \"safb'To \"severely endangered.^^ The midpoint, uendangered,, refersto language with between 100 and 1.000 speakers who represent about half of the language's community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach il to their children. It is 27 used at home and is not taught in schools or used fbr government business.

Languageshecome endangered due to a number of 28 factors including globalization.economics, technology, education policy, and changes in 29 attitudes. Asthe forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously 30language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area's majority language.U, local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tonguc.Local languages also 32 as

communities adopt mobile phones and computersmost of which run on software (hat has been translated into only a handful oflanguages. This trend 33 as these devicesconnect users to the Internet. At this point,

many communities undergo a cultural

34 in which parents no longer value the language enough to (each it to (heirchildren.

Initiatives to 35 endangered languages have become more numerous

inrecent years. These efforts lend to focus on two main areas: (he documentationof endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangeredlanguages among younger speakers and in the community at large. 21. A. at hand 22. A. ancient 23. A. assessment 24. A. age 25. A. committee 26. A. content 27. A. advisedly 28. A. balancing 29. A. cultural 30. A. foreign 31. A. For example 32. A. boom 33.A. ceases 34. A. difference 35. A. enrich

【答案】21. C 22. D 30. C 31. C 32. C 【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了造成世界上许多语言濒临灭绝的原因以及拯救措施. 【21题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当欧洲人第一次来到北美时，312种不同的语言被使用，其中 123种现在已经灭绝。A. at hand在手边；B. at risk在危险中；C. in use在使用中;D. in view 在视野范围内。空后说其中123种语言现在已经灭绝，说明当时有312种不同的语言被使 用，故C项正确。

【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在现存的语言中，大多数的使用者是祖父母和曾祖父母。A. ancient古老的；B.evolving开展中的;C. local当地的；D. surviving继续存在的。上文说其 中123种语言已经灭绝，与“灭绝的”相对的自然是“现存的”，故D项正确。

【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：濒危语言目录使用的评估系统从四个方面对语言进行评

B. at risk B. evolving B. classification B. background B. century B. occupations B. efficiently B. complicating B. mental B. informal B. In contrast B. develop B.changes B. influence B. purify 23. A 24. A 33. C 34. C

C. in use C. local C. description C. number C. generation C. situations C. primarily C. historical C. moral C. isolated C. In response C. disappear C. increases C. shift C. refresh 25. C 26. C

D. in view D. surviving D. research D. religion D. government D. themes D. rarely D. interrelated D. religious D. national D. Vice versa D. suffer D. starts D. variety D. standardize 27. D 28. D 29. A

35. C

估：所 有使用者的年龄、语言传递给F一代的频率、语言流失的速度和使用情况。A. assessment 评定、评估;B. classification 分类;C. description 描述;D. research 研究。根据空后的\"evaluates” 可知，对语言进行评估的自然是评估系统，故A项正确。

【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. age年龄；B. background背景；C. number数量；D. religion 宗教。上文说现存的语言中，大多数的使用者是祖父母和曾祖父母，因此使用者的年龄应 该是评估语言的一个方面，故A项正确.

【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. committee委员会；B. cenlury世纪;C. generation辈、代； D. government。根据常识可知，语言的濒危主要是使用者的减少，因此传递给卜.一代 的频率也是评估语言的一个方面，故C项正确。

【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. content内容；B. occupations职业；C. situations情况;

D. themes主题。根据空后的“in which it is used.”可知此处指“语言的使用情况''，故C项正确。 【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它很少在家里使用，也不在学校里教授或用于事务。A. advisedly故意地;B. efficiently有效地;C. primarily根本上;D. rarely很少地。濒危语言自 然是很少被使用，故D项正确。

【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于全球化、经济、技术、教育和文化态度的变化等诸 多相关因素,语言受到威胁。A. balancing平衡的；B. complicating复杂化;C. historical历 史的；D.血crrclatcd相关的。根据常识可知，全球化、经济、技术、教育和文化态度 的变化都是与语言受到威胁相互关联的因素，故D项正确。

【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cultural文化的；B. mental精神的； C. moral道德 的；D. religious宗教的。根据常识可知，语言属于文化范畴，所以人们文化态度的变化也 会使语言受到威胁，故A项正确。

【30题详解】考杳形容词词义辨析。句意：随着全球化的力量使世界联系更加紧密，偏远的语言社区面 临着参与更大经济的压力，这意味着学习该地区的主要语言。A. foreign外国的；B. informal 非正式的；C. isolated孤立的、偏远的；D. national国家的。根据空前的\"As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected,”可知，全球化的力量使世界联系更加紧密， 偏远的语言社区自然也要参与进来，故C项正确。

【31题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为回应，当地学校往往开始教授主要语言，而不是当地语言。

A. For example 例如:B. In contrast 相比之 相反;C. In response 作为回应;D. Vice versa 反之亦然。上

文说随着全球化的力量使世界联系更加紧密，偏远的语言社区面临着参与更 大经济的压力，所以作为对全球化带来的这种参与更大经济的压力的回应，当地学校开始 教授主要语言，而不是当地语言，故C项正确。

【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着社区使用手机和电脑，本地语言也消失了，因为这些电脑 大多数运行的软件只被翻译成几种语言。A. boom繁荣、兴旺；B. develop开展；C. disappear 消失；D. suffer受苦。根据空后提到的原因可知，手机和电脑的使用也加快了本地语言的 消失，故C项正确。

【33题详解】考杳动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些设备将用户连接到互联网，这一趋势越来越明显（进 一步加剧）。A. ceases 停止；B. changes 改变;C. increases 增加、加剧;D. starts 开始。根 据空后的\"as these devices connect users to the Internet.”可知,随着这些设备将用户连接到互 联网，本地语言消失的趋势进一步加剧了，故C项正确。

【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多社区经历了文化上的转变，家长不再重视本地语言，不再 把它教给他们的孩子。A. difference差异;B. influence影响;C. shift转变;D. variety多样。 通过互联网接触外面的世界，这使这些社区经历了文化上的转变，故C项正确。