自然拼读法基本规则

自然拼读法基本规则:

1.??二十六个字母的读音?(Letter Sounds).

五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),?每个发两种音：长音（其字母音）和短音(元音a, e, o, u在音节结尾(开音节)一般读做字母音(长音a, e, o, u),?有助于学生正确划分并拼读元音字母+辅音字母+元音字母的不熟悉单词(re port…rather than rep ort).

y不在单词开头时，一般被看做元音?

2.??单元音单词拼读?(Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Combinations)

??如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音,?且元音不在末尾，这个元音一般发短音.

??如： Sam, cat, mat,?等等．? Beginning Consonants Ending Consonants ?

One Vowel Word, Short Vowel Sounds

3.?双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words):

一个单词或音节里有两个元音时， 一般来说，前边一个元音发长音（其字母音）， 后边一个元音不发音．

如： make, mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, meet, meat, key, five, nine, tie, road, coat, toe, cute等等．

4.?双/三辅音在一起时的联读?(Consonant Blends)

Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)

Ending consonant blends (ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st) Words ending in ll, ss, ff?

Consonant digraphs (ch, th, sh, wh)?

5.?特殊读法(1)–?带元音的特殊读法(Irregular Vowels)

? ? igh, ing, ind, ild, ar, or, oi, oy, alt, alk, ost, old, er, ir, ur, ew, sion, tion, eigh, all, ow, ow, ou, ay, ous, ed, ed (t), ed (d), aw, au, oo, oo 以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。需记住它们所发的音。 Examples:

ar?(car, far), air (hair), are (hare), au, augh (caught), aw (hawk)

al, all (all, tall, mall, hall), alk (talk, walk), alt (halt, salt), ay (may, play) ew?(new, few), eigh (eight, weight),? ? ?? ?ed:?

? ?? ???says /ed/:??patted, landed, lifted says /t/: walked, hopped, stopped says /d/: cried, played, chewed?

er?(sister, brother), ir (girl, fir, firm), ur (burn, hurt)

ie?(field), ing(king, sing, dancing), ind (find, kind, behind), ild (mild, wild, child), igh (high, night, light), ire

oi?(oil, boil), oy (boy, toy), old (old, cold), ost (most, host), olt,? ? ?? ?oo (book), oo (tool, school), or (or, for, horn),?

? ?? ?ow?(读音一：cow, now, how, bow； 读音二：bow, low, blow, snow),? ? ?? ?ou (shout, out, loud)

? ?? ?ould?(could, would), ough (五种不同的读音：cough, through, ought, slough, plough),?

? ?? ?ought, , ous (famous, nervous),?

ue?(cruel), ui (fluid)

tion?(attention, fiction), sion (passion, expression),? ending sounds : ang, ong, ung, edge, le

6.?特殊读法(2)

如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾， 这个元音一般发长音（其字母音）?(Vowel at the end)．

如：me, hi, go, baby, table, humor，hibernate?等等。

Y在末尾?(作为元音处理）（y at the end）：

单音节词,?没有其他元音，y发”I”(one syllable word, y at the end (pronounced as “I”)): my, why, fly, sky

多音节词, y发”E”?的音(two or more syllables, y at the end (pronounced as “E”)): daddy, mommy, baby，honey, crazy 7.?特殊读法(3) -?固定读音的单词?(Sight Word):?

is, are, the, a, to, here, hey, have, son, love, come, give, field……?等. 它们不遵守前边的发音规则，需要死记硬背。

8.?特殊读法(4) –?辅音的特殊读法

有一些辅音不发音?(silent consonants)． Silent b: comb, lamb Silent h: ghost

Silent k: knife, knock, knob, know… Silent w: write, wrist, wreck …

\"c\"?和?\"k\"?在一起时， 发一个音: quick, black等. \"q\"?总是和\"u\"在一起：quite, quick, quit, quilt等. /kw/

? ??之所以指出这一点,?是在这里u不能再被认为是元音,?而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合.??于是,?在quite这个单词里只有两个元音,?是双元音单词,?第一个元音i发字母音,?第二个元音e不发音. \"p\"和?\"h\"在一起,?发/f/的音: phone, photo.

复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s) c和g?的两种读音:

如果i(或y)或者?e?跟在c或者g的后边, c发/s/, g发/j/的音: center, cigar, nice, mice, gem, giant, gym, page.（其中字母e, i之前的g也可以不读做

/j/(get, girl, give)）

其他情况下, c发/k/, g发/g/: can, clap, cup, great, glad, got, goat, log. 特殊情况：?get, give

9.?多音节单词和复合词?(Words with multiple syllables and compound words)

多音节单词: believe, multiple, syllable, compound? 复合词: homework, highway, sidewalk, inside, outside